Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta and Montana.

Habitat: Mountain valleys to middle elevations in the mountains.

Cones: May-June

Origin: Native

Growth Duration: Perennial

Conservation Status: Not of concern

Pollination: Wind

A large tree up to 80 m. tall, the trunk ultimately largely bare.

Bark ultimately very thick, furrowed into large plates, flaking into cinnamon-colored scales; young twigs glabrous to pubescent.

Needles in false whorles of 15-30 per spur, pale green, stiff, 2.5-4.5 cm. long, broadly triangular in cross-section, deciduous.

Staminate cones on short, lateral, naked branches, yellow, 1 cm. long; ovulate cones 2.5-3 cm. long, the scales reddish-brown, somewhat woolly on the lower surface, much shorter than the greenish-brown to yellowish-red, long bracts; the two cones often adjacent.