Salix
willow
36 species
8 subspecies and varieties
8 subspecies and varieties
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Salix amygdaloides – peach-leaf willow
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Great Plains, upper midwest, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Wetlands, streambanks, and other riparian areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Great Plains, upper midwest, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Wetlands, streambanks, and other riparian areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix arctica – arctic willow
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in northwestern Washington; Alaska to northwestern Washington, east across northern Canada; circumboreal.
Habitat: In wet to dry areas in the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in northwestern Washington; Alaska to northwestern Washington, east across northern Canada; circumboreal.
Habitat: In wet to dry areas in the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix barclayi – barclay's willow
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska east to Oregon, east to Northwest Territory, Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Lakes, streams, and other riparian areas in subalpine and alpine zone.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska east to Oregon, east to Northwest Territory, Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Lakes, streams, and other riparian areas in subalpine and alpine zone.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix bebbiana – Bebb's willow, gray willow, long-beak willow
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America, except in the southeastern U.S., to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lakes, streams, and other riparian areas from low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America, except in the southeastern U.S., to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lakes, streams, and other riparian areas from low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix boothii – Booth's willow
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Sasketchewan.
Habitat: Wet subalpine meadows, streambanks, lakeshores, and other riparian areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Sasketchewan.
Habitat: Wet subalpine meadows, streambanks, lakeshores, and other riparian areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix brachycarpa – short-fruited willow
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and east across Canada to Quebec.
Habitat: Riparian areas, wetlands, and meadows from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and east across Canada to Quebec.
Habitat: Riparian areas, wetlands, and meadows from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. brachycarpa – short-fruited willow
Salix candida – sage willow, sage-leaf willow
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; Alaska to northeastern Washington, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lakeshores, pond margins, streambanks, and other riparian areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; Alaska to northeastern Washington, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lakeshores, pond margins, streambanks, and other riparian areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix cascadensis – Cascade willow
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Mt. Rainier, also in western Montana, Wyoming, Utah, and Colorado.
Habitat: High elevations in the mountains in subalpine and alpine habitats
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Mt. Rainier, also in western Montana, Wyoming, Utah, and Colorado.
Habitat: High elevations in the mountains in subalpine and alpine habitats
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix commutata – variable willow
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Northwest Territory, Sasketchawan, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist areas, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Northwest Territory, Sasketchawan, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist areas, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix drummondiana – Drummond's willow
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Northwest Territory, and Saskatchewan.
Habitat: Streambanks, lakeshores, floodplains, and other riparian areas in montane and subalpine habitats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Northwest Territory, and Saskatchewan.
Habitat: Streambanks, lakeshores, floodplains, and other riparian areas in montane and subalpine habitats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix eastwoodiae – Sierran willow
Distribution: In the mountains of Washington; Washington south to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Nevada.
Habitat: Alpine and subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: In the mountains of Washington; Washington south to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Nevada.
Habitat: Alpine and subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix exigua – coyote willow, narrow-leaf willow
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and southern Great Plains.
Habitat: Riparian areas, gravel bars, lake and pond shore margins
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and southern Great Plains.
Habitat: Riparian areas, gravel bars, lake and pond shore margins
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. columbiana – Columbia River willow
• var. exigua – coyote willow, narrow-leaf willow
Salix farriae – Farr's willow
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known only from Okanogan County; Yukon to northern Washington and northeast Oregon, east to Montana, Idaho and Wyoming.
Habitat: Wet meadows and riparian zones from montane areas to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known only from Okanogan County; Yukon to northern Washington and northeast Oregon, east to Montana, Idaho and Wyoming.
Habitat: Wet meadows and riparian zones from montane areas to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix fragilis – crack willow
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, including sand dunes, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, including sand dunes, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix geyeriana – Geyer's willow
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Lowland riparian areas including streambanks and pond and lake margins.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Lowland riparian areas including streambanks and pond and lake margins.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix glauca – gray willow
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades and Olympic Mountains in Washington; Alaska to northwestern Washington, east to western Montana.
Habitat: Middle elevations to above timberline in moist places to open slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades and Olympic Mountains in Washington; Alaska to northwestern Washington, east to western Montana.
Habitat: Middle elevations to above timberline in moist places to open slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. villosa – glaucous willow, gray willow
Salix hookeriana – coastal willow
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist, often swamps areas, from the sea coast to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist, often swamps areas, from the sea coast to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix lasiandra – Pacific willow
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Riparian areas from the coast to the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Riparian areas from the coast to the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. caudata – gland willow, Pacific willow, shining willow
• var. lasiandra – Pacific willow
Salix lasiolepis – arroyo willow
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho, Utah, New Mexico, and Texas.
Habitat: Riparian corridors from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho, Utah, New Mexico, and Texas.
Habitat: Riparian corridors from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix maccalliana – Maccalla's willow
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to Washington, east across northern North America to Quebec.
Habitat: Wet meadows, bogs, fens, streambanks and lakeshores from low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to Washington, east across northern North America to Quebec.
Habitat: Wet meadows, bogs, fens, streambanks and lakeshores from low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix matsudana – corkscrew willow
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; occurring in scattered locations across North America.
Habitat: Disturbed shorelines, where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; occurring in scattered locations across North America.
Habitat: Disturbed shorelines, where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix melanopsis – dusky willow
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the northern and central Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Riparian zones including streambanks, pond and lake margins, and subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the northern and central Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Riparian zones including streambanks, pond and lake margins, and subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix monochroma – one-color willow
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to adjacent Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Montane stream banks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to adjacent Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Montane stream banks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix nivalis – dwarf snow willow
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades and Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Subalpine meadows and alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades and Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Subalpine meadows and alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix pedicellaris – bog willow
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Territory to Oregon, east across Canada and northern U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Bogs, fens, and similar wet meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Territory to Oregon, east across Canada and northern U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Bogs, fens, and similar wet meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix petrophila – alpine willow
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Alpine areas, often near melting snowbanks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Alpine areas, often near melting snowbanks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix planifolia – plane-leaf willow, tea-leaved willow
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Wet meadows, lake margins, streambanks and other riparian areas in the alpine and subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Wet meadows, lake margins, streambanks and other riparian areas in the alpine and subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. planifolia – diamondleaf willow
Salix prolixa – Mackenzie's willow
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Northwest Territories, Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Along streams in the lowlands to lower valleys in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Northwest Territories, Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Along streams in the lowlands to lower valleys in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix pseudomonticola – false mountain willow
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in the North Cascades in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to Quebec.
Habitat: Wet meadows, forested wetlands, and other riparian areas in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in the North Cascades in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to Quebec.
Habitat: Wet meadows, forested wetlands, and other riparian areas in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix purpurea – purple osier, basket willow, purple willow
Distribution: Occurring in scattered lowland locations west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in Utah, and from the central U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Ditches, floodplains, and shores.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered lowland locations west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in Utah, and from the central U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Ditches, floodplains, and shores.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix scouleriana – Scouler's willow
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Moist woods and streambanks, lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Moist woods and streambanks, lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix ×sepulcralis – weeping willow
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Riparian zones and other wet areas, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Riparian zones and other wet areas, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix sessilifolia – sessile-leaf willow
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Riparian corridors at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Riparian corridors at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix sitchensis – Sitka willow
Distribution: Occurring in forested areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to western Montana.
Habitat: Moist woods and stream banks, lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in forested areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to western Montana.
Habitat: Moist woods and stream banks, lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. sitchensis – Sitka willow
Salix tweedyi – Tweedy's willow
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Montana, Idaho and Wyoming.
Habitat: Wet meadows, lake margins, streambanks, and other riparian areas in alpine and subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Montana, Idaho and Wyoming.
Habitat: Wet meadows, lake margins, streambanks, and other riparian areas in alpine and subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salix vestita – rock willow
Distribution: Occurring in the North Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta and in Montana; also in cetnral and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Moist forest opening, streambanks, and other riparian areas in montane and subalpine habitats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the North Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta and in Montana; also in cetnral and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Moist forest opening, streambanks, and other riparian areas in montane and subalpine habitats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
