Castilleja
Indian-paintbrush, owl-clover
19 species
9 subspecies and varieties
9 subspecies and varieties
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Castilleja ambigua – paintbrush owl-clover
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Margins of coastal salt marshes and brackish areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Margins of coastal salt marshes and brackish areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
• var. ambigua – salt-marsh paintbrush
Castilleja attenuata – attenuate paintbrush, valley-tassels
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California and Arizona.
Habitat: Drier areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California and Arizona.
Habitat: Drier areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Castilleja cervina – deer paintbrush
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to northern Idaho, and possibly western Montana.
Habitat: Grasslands and woodlands at moderate to mid-elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to northern Idaho, and possibly western Montana.
Habitat: Grasslands and woodlands at moderate to mid-elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Castilleja chambersii – Chambers's Indian paintbrush
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington in Pacific County; southwestern Washington to northwestern Washington.
Habitat: Forest openings, embankments, and rock outcroppings typically where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington in Pacific County; southwestern Washington to northwestern Washington.
Habitat: Forest openings, embankments, and rock outcroppings typically where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Castilleja cryptantha – obscure paintbrush
Distribution: Endemic to Mt. Rainier National Park and immediate vicinity in Washington.
Habitat: Moist subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Endemic to Mt. Rainier National Park and immediate vicinity in Washington.
Habitat: Moist subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Castilleja cusickii – Cusick's paintbrush
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Nevada, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Open areas, lower valleys to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Nevada, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Open areas, lower valleys to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Castilleja elmeri – Elmer's paintbrush
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington from the Wenatchee Mountains and northward; south-central British Columbia to Kittitas County in Washington.
Habitat: Moist, open slopes at middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington from the Wenatchee Mountains and northward; south-central British Columbia to Kittitas County in Washington.
Habitat: Moist, open slopes at middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Castilleja hispida – harsh paintbrush
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to southwestern Alberta and Montana.
Habitat: Grassy slopes and forest openings, from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to southwestern Alberta and Montana.
Habitat: Grassy slopes and forest openings, from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. acuta – acute paintbrush, harsh paintbrush
• var. hispida – harsh paintbrush
Castilleja levisecta – golden paintbrush
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washngton; Vancouver Island to the Willamette Valley of Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows and prairies at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washngton; Vancouver Island to the Willamette Valley of Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows and prairies at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Castilleja litoralis – coast paintbrush, Pacific paintbrush
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to California.
Habitat: Seaside bluffs, coastal scrub, dune swales, possibly parasitic on Gaultheria shallon.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to California.
Habitat: Seaside bluffs, coastal scrub, dune swales, possibly parasitic on Gaultheria shallon.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Castilleja lutescens – yellow paintbrush
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; eastern Washington to northeastern Oregon, east to northwestern Montana.
Habitat: Low, dry grasslands and woodlands, occasionally to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; eastern Washington to northeastern Oregon, east to northwestern Montana.
Habitat: Low, dry grasslands and woodlands, occasionally to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Castilleja miniata – common paintbrush, scarlet paintbrush
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Mountain meadows and slopes; also on coastal bluffs; widespread and common.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Mountain meadows and slopes; also on coastal bluffs; widespread and common.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. dixonii – Dixon's paintbrush
• var. miniata – scarlet paintbrush
Castilleja minor – annual paintbrush
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Alkaline marshes and meadows, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Alkaline marshes and meadows, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
• var. exilis – seep paintbrush
Castilleja parviflora – small-flowered paintbrush
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Subalpine meadows and forest openings at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Subalpine meadows and forest openings at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. albida – mountain Indian paintbrush
• var. olympica – Olympic paintbrush
• var. oreopola – magenta paintbrush
Castilleja rupicola – cliff paintbrush
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Rock crevices and rocky slopes, usually above timberline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Rock crevices and rocky slopes, usually above timberline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Castilleja suksdorfii – Suksdorf's paintbrush
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest from mainly from Mt. Adams south; In Washington chiefly in the Cascades from Mt. Adams south, occasionally north to Whatcom County; Washington to Crater Lake, Oregon.
Habitat: Subalpine meadows and forests along streams and wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest from mainly from Mt. Adams south; In Washington chiefly in the Cascades from Mt. Adams south, occasionally north to Whatcom County; Washington to Crater Lake, Oregon.
Habitat: Subalpine meadows and forests along streams and wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Castilleja tenuis – thin paintbrush
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada..
Habitat: Vernally moist meadows and other moist sites, from the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada..
Habitat: Vernally moist meadows and other moist sites, from the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Castilleja thompsonii – Thompson's paintbrush
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Dry sagebrush deserts to high mountain ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Dry sagebrush deserts to high mountain ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Castilleja victoriae – Victoria's paintbrush
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington in San Juan County; Victoria, British Columbia area to the San Juan Islands.
Habitat: Seasonally moist balds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington in San Juan County; Victoria, British Columbia area to the San Juan Islands.
Habitat: Seasonally moist balds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
