Rosaceae
Rose Family
41 genera
153 species
40 subspecies and varieties
153 species
40 subspecies and varieties
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Index to genera:
Agrimonia, Amelanchier, Aphanes, Aronia, Aruncus, Cercocarpus, Chaenomeles, Comarum, Cotoneaster, Crataegus, Dasiphora, Dryas, Drymocallis, Duchesnea, Filipendula, Fragaria, Geum, Holodiscus, Horkelia, Ivesia, Luetkea, Malus, Mespilus, Oemleria, Petrophytum, Photinia, Physocarpus, Potentilla, Poteridium, Poterium, Prunus, Purshia, Pyracantha, Pyrus, Rosa, Rubus, Sanguisorba, Sibbaldia, Sorbaria, Sorbus, SpiraeaAgrimonia gryposepala – tall hairy agrimony, tall hairy grooveburr
Distribution: Reported from Washington but currently no specimens exist; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Edges, openings, draws, thickets, and open forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Reported from Washington but currently no specimens exist; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Edges, openings, draws, thickets, and open forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Amelanchier alnifolia – saskatoon, serviceberry
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains.
Habitat: Open woods, canyons and hillsides, sea level to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains.
Habitat: Open woods, canyons and hillsides, sea level to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Amelanchier utahensis – Utah serviceberry
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Baja California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Texas.
Habitat: Rimrock, valleys, gullies and hillsides, from sagebrush desert to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Baja California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Texas.
Habitat: Rimrock, valleys, gullies and hillsides, from sagebrush desert to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Aphanes arvensis – western lady's-mantle, field parsley-piert
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, reported in Idaho, also along Atlantic Coast in the U.S.
Habitat: Ledges, often limy, sandy shores, hot springs, and other disturbed open ground at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, reported in Idaho, also along Atlantic Coast in the U.S.
Habitat: Ledges, often limy, sandy shores, hot springs, and other disturbed open ground at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Aphanes australis – small-fruited parsley-piert
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to northwestern Oregon, also in southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Openings, shores, lawns, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to northwestern Oregon, also in southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Openings, shores, lawns, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Aphanes occidentalis – western parsley-piert
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington and east in the Columbia River Gorge; southern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Vernally damp grasslands, balds, fields, ledges, rocky slopes, open forest, shores, and beaches at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington and east in the Columbia River Gorge; southern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Vernally damp grasslands, balds, fields, ledges, rocky slopes, open forest, shores, and beaches at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Aruncus dioicus – sylvan goatsbeard
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, also in the eastern half of North America.
Habitat: Moist forest and forest edge from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, also in the eastern half of North America.
Habitat: Moist forest and forest edge from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. acuminatus – Sylvan goatsbeard
Cercocarpus ledifolius – mountain mahogany
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington (population in Chelan County was planted); southeastern Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry areas, from foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington (population in Chelan County was planted); southeastern Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry areas, from foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. intermontanus – birchleaf mountain-mahogany
• var. ledifolius – mountain mahogany
Comarum palustre – marsh cinquefoil, purple marshlocks
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern portion of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Bogs, wet meadows and lake margins, sea level to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern portion of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Bogs, wet meadows and lake margins, sea level to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cotoneaster dammeri – bearberry cotoneaster
Origin: Introduced from China
Growth Duration: Perennial
Origin: Introduced from China
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cotoneaster dielsianus – Diel's cotoneaster
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; southwest British Columbia to southwest Oregon.
Habitat: Thickets, open forest, rocky slopes, meadows, and grasslands at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; southwest British Columbia to southwest Oregon.
Habitat: Thickets, open forest, rocky slopes, meadows, and grasslands at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cotoneaster divaricatus – spreading cotoneaster
Origin: Introduced from China
Growth Duration: Perennial
Origin: Introduced from China
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cotoneaster franchetii – franchet's cotoneaster, orange cotoneaster
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Lowland forest edges, grassy balds, and disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Lowland forest edges, grassy balds, and disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cotoneaster horizontalis – rock cotoneaster, rockspray cotoneaster, wall cotoneaster
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to Oregon; also in Ontario, Canada.
Habitat: Fields, forest openings, and disturbed areas typically at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to Oregon; also in Ontario, Canada.
Habitat: Fields, forest openings, and disturbed areas typically at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cotoneaster lacteus – late cotoneaster, milk-flower cotoneaster
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, thickets, and forest margins.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, thickets, and forest margins.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cotoneaster lucidus – shiny cotoneaster
Origin: Introduced from Siberia and Mongolia
Growth Duration: Perennial
Origin: Introduced from Siberia and Mongolia
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cotoneaster rehderi – bullate cotoneaster, puckered-leaf cotoneaster
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Thickets, open clearings, forests, and shores typically at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: May-Jun; fruiting Sep-Dec.
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Thickets, open clearings, forests, and shores typically at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: May-Jun; fruiting Sep-Dec.
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cotoneaster salicifolius – willow-leaved cotoneaster
Origin: Introduced from China
Growth Duration: Perennial
Origin: Introduced from China
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cotoneaster simonsii – Himalayan cotoneaster, Simon's cotoneaster
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to central California.
Habitat: Thickets, forest openings, shorelines, balds, parks, and grasslands.
Origin: Introduced from southeast Asia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to central California.
Habitat: Thickets, forest openings, shorelines, balds, parks, and grasslands.
Origin: Introduced from southeast Asia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cotoneaster tengyuehensis – Tengyueh cotoneaster
Origin: Introduced from China
Growth Duration: Perennial
Origin: Introduced from China
Growth Duration: Perennial
Crataegus castlegarensis – Castlegar hawthorn
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, and Utah.
Habitat: Grasslands, riparian zones, thickets, openings, and seeps.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, and Utah.
Habitat: Grasslands, riparian zones, thickets, openings, and seeps.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Crataegus chrysocarpa – fireberry hawthorn
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Thickets, dry slopes, shrub-steppe, riparian zones, forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Thickets, dry slopes, shrub-steppe, riparian zones, forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Crataegus ×cogswellii – Oregon hybrid hawthorn
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; western Washington to the Willamette Valley in Oregon.
Habitat: Wet prairie, thickets, and shores, generally occurring near where both parent species occur.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; western Washington to the Willamette Valley in Oregon.
Habitat: Wet prairie, thickets, and shores, generally occurring near where both parent species occur.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Crataegus douglasii – black hawthorn, Douglas's hawthorn
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Saskatchewan, Idaho and Montana, also in the Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Thickets, open forests, forest edges, and riparian zones, from lowlands to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Saskatchewan, Idaho and Montana, also in the Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Thickets, open forests, forest edges, and riparian zones, from lowlands to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Crataegus gaylussacia – huckleberry hawthorn, Suksdorf's hawthorn
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; disjunct in southeast Alaska, otherwise southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Thickets, grasslands, riparian zones, shores, and meadows, from lowl to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; disjunct in southeast Alaska, otherwise southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Thickets, grasslands, riparian zones, shores, and meadows, from lowl to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Crataegus laevigata – midland hawthorn, woodland hawthorn
Distribution: Known only from the San Juan Islands in Washington.
Origin: Introduced from northern Europe
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Known only from the San Juan Islands in Washington.
Origin: Introduced from northern Europe
Growth Duration: Perennial
Crataegus macracantha – large-thorned hawthorn, western large-thorned hawthorn
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to northeastern Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, and further east across the U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Thickets, riparian zones, and pastures.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to northeastern Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, and further east across the U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Thickets, riparian zones, and pastures.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Crataegus monogyna – common hawthorn, one-seed hawthorn
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana, also in the Great Lakes region and eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, pastures, meadows, thickets, and forest edge and understory at low elevations, often associated with disturbance. Seeds readily dispersed by birds.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana, also in the Great Lakes region and eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, pastures, meadows, thickets, and forest edge and understory at low elevations, often associated with disturbance. Seeds readily dispersed by birds.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. monogyna – common hawthorn, English hawthorn, one-seeded hawthorn
Crataegus okanaganensis – Okanagan hawthorn
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington in northern Washington; southern British Columbia to northern Washington, east to northern Idaho.
Habitat: Mesic thickets, riparian zones, and shorelines.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington in northern Washington; southern British Columbia to northern Washington, east to northern Idaho.
Habitat: Mesic thickets, riparian zones, and shorelines.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Crataegus okennonii – O'Kennon's hawthorn
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Thickets, riparian zones, and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Thickets, riparian zones, and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Crataegus phaenopyrum – Washington thorn
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; Washington to Oregon, and also in eastern North America where native.
Habitat: Grasslands, shores, and damp thickets.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; Washington to Oregon, and also in eastern North America where native.
Habitat: Grasslands, shores, and damp thickets.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Crataegus phippsii – Phipps's hawthorn
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; southern British Columbia to northern Washington, also in Montana but not known from Idaho.
Habitat: Floodplains, open forests, and thickets.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; southern British Columbia to northern Washington, also in Montana but not known from Idaho.
Habitat: Floodplains, open forests, and thickets.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Crataegus tenuior – slender red hawthorn
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; south-central British Columbia to north-central Washington.
Habitat: Grasslands, thickets, and forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; south-central British Columbia to north-central Washington.
Habitat: Grasslands, thickets, and forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dasiphora fruticosa – shrubby cinquefoil
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Open areas from low elevations to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Open areas from low elevations to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dryas drummondii – yellow mountain-avens
Distribution: Known from only a small number of scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to the North Cascades and Selkirk Mountains of Washington, the Wallowa Mountains of Oregon, and the Rocky Mountains of Montana; east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: High elevations, often above timberline, but down to lower elevations along streams
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Known from only a small number of scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to the North Cascades and Selkirk Mountains of Washington, the Wallowa Mountains of Oregon, and the Rocky Mountains of Montana; east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: High elevations, often above timberline, but down to lower elevations along streams
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dryas hookeriana – white dryas, Hooker's mountain-avens, white mountain-avens
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, northeast Oregon, and in the Rockies from Northwest Territory to Montana, Idaho, Utah, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas, middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, northeast Oregon, and in the Rockies from Northwest Territory to Montana, Idaho, Utah, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas, middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Drymocallis arguta – cordilleran drymocallis
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Dry to vernally moist meadows, grasslands, shrub-steppe, open forest, and rocky slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Dry to vernally moist meadows, grasslands, shrub-steppe, open forest, and rocky slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Drymocallis campanulata – John Day cinquefoil, John Day wood beauty
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; south-central Washington to north-central and east-central Oregon.
Habitat: Basalt cliffs, talus, canyons, and washes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; south-central Washington to north-central and east-central Oregon.
Habitat: Basalt cliffs, talus, canyons, and washes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Drymocallis glandulosa – sticky cinquefoil
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Utah, and Arizona.
Habitat: Open, mesic areas from coastal meadows to forest openings, to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Utah, and Arizona.
Habitat: Open, mesic areas from coastal meadows to forest openings, to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. glabrata – Idaho wood beauty
• ssp. glandulosa – gland cinquefoil, sticky cinquefoil
• ssp. pseudorupestris – cliff drymocallis
Duchesnea indica – Indian-strawberry, mock-stawberry
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Oregon; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed forest and forest edge at low elevations, where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Oregon; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed forest and forest edge at low elevations, where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. indica – Indian strawberry, mock strawberry
Filipendula occidentalis – queen-of-the-forest
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington and adjacent northwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Damp mossy river rocks, near high water line, wet rocky slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington and adjacent northwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Damp mossy river rocks, near high water line, wet rocky slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fragaria chiloensis – beach strawberry, coastal strawberry
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the coastal counties of Washington; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Sand dunes, strand, headlands, and other open coastal habitats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the coastal counties of Washington; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Sand dunes, strand, headlands, and other open coastal habitats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. pacifica – beach strawberry, coastal strawberry
Fragaria vesca – woodland strawberry
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist woods, stream banks and sandy meadows, low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist woods, stream banks and sandy meadows, low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. californica – woodland strawberry
Fragaria virginiana – blueleaf strawberry, mountain strawberry
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington except in sagebrush areas; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open woods to gravelly meadows in the plains and lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington except in sagebrush areas; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open woods to gravelly meadows in the plains and lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. glauca – blueleaf strawberry, broadpetal strawberry, wild strawberry
Geum aleppicum – yellow avens
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across Canada and the U.S., except the south-central and southeast regions, to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shores, streams, damp thickets, damp forests, wet meadows, and peatlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across Canada and the U.S., except the south-central and southeast regions, to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shores, streams, damp thickets, damp forests, wet meadows, and peatlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Geum macrophyllum – bigleaf avens, large-leaved avens
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Baja California, east to the Great Plains and east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Common in moist woods and meadows from sea level to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Baja California, east to the Great Plains and east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Common in moist woods and meadows from sea level to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Geum rivale – purple avens, water avens
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the northeastern counties in Washington; British Columbia to northeastern Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region and northeastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Stream banks, lake shores, bogs and wet meadows from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the northeastern counties in Washington; British Columbia to northeastern Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region and northeastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Stream banks, lake shores, bogs and wet meadows from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Geum rossii – Ross's avens
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Wenatchee Mountains in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and eastward across northern Canada to Greenland; also in Far East Russia.
Habitat: Arctic tundra, high gravelly meadows and scree slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June- August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Wenatchee Mountains in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and eastward across northern Canada to Greenland; also in Far East Russia.
Habitat: Arctic tundra, high gravelly meadows and scree slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June- August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Geum triflorum – prairie smoke, old-man's whiskers
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the northern Great Plains, and Great Lakes regions.
Habitat: Prairies, balds, and moister places in the sagebrush plains, from the foothills to subalpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the northern Great Plains, and Great Lakes regions.
Habitat: Prairies, balds, and moister places in the sagebrush plains, from the foothills to subalpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Geum urbanum – herb-bennet
Distribution: In scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Disturbed areas in including, roadsides, wastelots, and fields.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: In scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Disturbed areas in including, roadsides, wastelots, and fields.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Holodiscus discolor – creambush ocean-spray, hillside ocean-spray
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Texas.
Habitat: Gravelly soil in open, dry to moist woods, coastal bluffs to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Texas.
Habitat: Gravelly soil in open, dry to moist woods, coastal bluffs to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. discolor – ocean-spray
Luetkea pectinata – luetkea, partridgefoot
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic and Cascades mountains in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Northwest Territory, Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Usually on sandy soil in moist or shady places, subalpine to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic and Cascades mountains in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Northwest Territory, Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Usually on sandy soil in moist or shady places, subalpine to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Malus baccata – Siberian crabapple
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to southern Washington.
Habitat: Mesic thickets and riparian zones.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to southern Washington.
Habitat: Mesic thickets and riparian zones.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Malus ×dawsoniana – Dawson apple
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon.
Habitat: Fields, thickets, open damp forests, sea bluffs, roadsides, wastelots, and abandoned homesteads.
Origin: Escaping from cultivation
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon.
Habitat: Fields, thickets, open damp forests, sea bluffs, roadsides, wastelots, and abandoned homesteads.
Origin: Escaping from cultivation
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Malus domestica – cultivated apple, orchard apple
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Mesic thickets and riparian zones.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Mesic thickets and riparian zones.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Malus fusca – Oregon crabapple, western crabapple
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Moist woods, swamps and open canyons from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Moist woods, swamps and open canyons from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Malus hupehensis – flowering tea crabapple
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to southwestern Washington, also in Illinois.
Habitat: Seasonally damp thickets, open forest.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to southwestern Washington, also in Illinois.
Habitat: Seasonally damp thickets, open forest.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Malus prunifolia – pearleaf crabapple, plumleaf crabapple
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to northern Oregon, also in the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Damp thickets, forest edges, and riparian zones.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to northern Oregon, also in the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Damp thickets, forest edges, and riparian zones.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Oemleria cerasiformis – oso-berry, Indian plum
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist to dry, open forest, forest edge, and stream bank thickets at low elevation.
Origin: Native
Flowers: February-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist to dry, open forest, forest edge, and stream bank thickets at low elevation.
Origin: Native
Flowers: February-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Petrophytum caespitosum – Rocky Mountain rockmat
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to California, east to Montana, Idaho, New Mexico, Texas, and South Dakota.
Habitat: Dry, limy or granite cliffs, ledges, talus, and rocky slopes, lowland to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to California, east to Montana, Idaho, New Mexico, Texas, and South Dakota.
Habitat: Dry, limy or granite cliffs, ledges, talus, and rocky slopes, lowland to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. caespitosum – Rocky Mountain rockmat
Petrophytum cinerascens – Chelan rockmat
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic to the Columbia River region of central Washington.
Habitat: Basaltic cliffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic to the Columbia River region of central Washington.
Habitat: Basaltic cliffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Petrophytum hendersonii – Olympic Mountain rockmat
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest, where endemic to the Olympic Mountains.
Habitat: Rocky cliffs and talus slopes at middle to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest, where endemic to the Olympic Mountains.
Habitat: Rocky cliffs and talus slopes at middle to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Photinia davidiana – Chinese redtip, stranvaesia
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington.
Habitat: Thickets, open forests, shores, rarely epiphytic
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington.
Habitat: Thickets, open forests, shores, rarely epiphytic
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. davidiana – Chinese redtip, stranvaesia
Physocarpus capitatus – Pacific ninebark
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Moist woods and swamps in the lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Moist woods and swamps in the lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Physocarpus malvaceus – mallow ninebark, mallow-leaf ninebark
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Nevada, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Canyons and hillsides, grasslands, ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir forest openings and edge.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Nevada, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Canyons and hillsides, grasslands, ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir forest openings and edge.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Potentilla anserina – silverweed cinquefoil, common silverweed
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Wet, alkaline areas from coast to arid inlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Wet, alkaline areas from coast to arid inlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. anserina – silvery cinquefoil, common silverweed
• ssp. pacifica – Pacific silverweed
Potentilla argentea – hoary cinquefoil, silver cinquefoil
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sandy or gravely soil, typically where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sandy or gravely soil, typically where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Potentilla biennis – biennial cinquefoil
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, typically where moist to wet.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, typically where moist to wet.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Potentilla breweri – Brewer's cinquefoil
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest from central Washington south; central Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Moist meadows and stream banks to open slopes at middle to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest from central Washington south; central Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Moist meadows and stream banks to open slopes at middle to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Potentilla douglasii
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho, Nevada, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Damp meadows to open forest and rocky slopes at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho, Nevada, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Damp meadows to open forest and rocky slopes at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. capitata – horkelia
• var. douglasii – Douglas's cinquefoil
Potentilla drummondii – Drummond's cinquefoil
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Forest openings, meadows and high ridges, middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Forest openings, meadows and high ridges, middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Potentilla flabellifolia – fan-leaf cinquefoil, fringe-leaf cinquefoil, fan-foil
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California and Nevada, east to Alberta, Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Common in moist meadows from middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California and Nevada, east to Alberta, Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Common in moist meadows from middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Potentilla glaucophylla – blueleaf cinquefoil, different-leaved cinquefoil, diverse-leaved cinquefoil, vari-leaved cinquefoil
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist subalpine and alpine meadows, and along stream banks in high mountain forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist subalpine and alpine meadows, and along stream banks in high mountain forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Potentilla gordonii – Gordon's ivesia, alpine mousetail
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest from central Washington south; central Washington to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Rocky slopes, grassland, sagebrush, forest openings, and subalpine to alpines ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest from central Washington south; central Washington to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Rocky slopes, grassland, sagebrush, forest openings, and subalpine to alpines ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Potentilla gracilis – slender cinquefoil
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Varied habitats; moderately saline soil, grasslands, moist areas in shrub-steppe, forested mountains and subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Varied habitats; moderately saline soil, grasslands, moist areas in shrub-steppe, forested mountains and subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. brunnescens – glandular cinquefoil
• var. flabelliformis – comb-leaf cinquefoil, Elmer's cinquefoil, Idaho cinquefoil
• var. gracilis – Hall's cinquefoil, slender cinquefoil, wooly cinquefoil
• var. pulcherrima – beautiful cinquefoil
Potentilla hookeriana – Hooker's cinquefoil
Distribution: British Columbia to Nevada, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Alpine limy cliffs, rocky slopes, fellfields, scree, and river canyons.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: British Columbia to Nevada, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Alpine limy cliffs, rocky slopes, fellfields, scree, and river canyons.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Potentilla hyparctica – subarctic cinquefoil
Distribution: Known only from west of the Cascades crest in Whatcom County in Washington; Alaska to Washington, also south to south-central Montana and Wyoming; circumboreal.
Habitat: Alpine rocky slopes, talus, heath, turf, and snowmelt meadows, often acidic.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Known only from west of the Cascades crest in Whatcom County in Washington; Alaska to Washington, also south to south-central Montana and Wyoming; circumboreal.
Habitat: Alpine rocky slopes, talus, heath, turf, and snowmelt meadows, often acidic.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. elatior – subarctic cinquefoil
Potentilla newberryi – Newberry's cinquefoil
Distribution: Known historically (1898) from the Columbia River Gorge in Washington, now likely extirpated; central Oregon to California, east to northwestern Nevada.
Habitat: Vernal pools, shores, and mudflats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Known historically (1898) from the Columbia River Gorge in Washington, now likely extirpated; central Oregon to California, east to northwestern Nevada.
Habitat: Vernal pools, shores, and mudflats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Potentilla nivea – snow cinquefoil
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to the southern Rocky Mountains to Colorado, further east to eastern North America.
Habitat: Arctic tundra and gravel bars to alpine slopes and meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to the southern Rocky Mountains to Colorado, further east to eastern North America.
Habitat: Arctic tundra and gravel bars to alpine slopes and meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Potentilla norvegica – Norwegian cinquefoil, rough cinquefoil
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Usually in moist soil, often along irrigation ditches or in waste places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Usually in moist soil, often along irrigation ditches or in waste places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Potentilla pensylvanica – Pennsylvania cinquefoil
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains, and further east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast; also in Eurasia.
Habitat: Damp alpine meadows, rocky slopes, ridges, and talus.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains, and further east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast; also in Eurasia.
Habitat: Damp alpine meadows, rocky slopes, ridges, and talus.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. ovium – Jepson's cinquefoil
Potentilla recta – sulphur cinquefoil
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, but not in Yukon Territory, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, trails, and disturbed ground.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, but not in Yukon Territory, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, trails, and disturbed ground.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Potentilla rivalis – brook cinquefoil, river cinquefoil
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to central North America, and further east to the northeastern U.S.
Habitat: Damp soil, especially along rivers and around lakes, ponds, and swamps at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to central North America, and further east to the northeastern U.S.
Habitat: Damp soil, especially along rivers and around lakes, ponds, and swamps at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Potentilla supina – bushy cinquefoil
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and east across Canada and the midwestern U.S. to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Sandy stream banks, lake shores, and moist flats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and east across Canada and the midwestern U.S. to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Sandy stream banks, lake shores, and moist flats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
• ssp. paradoxa – bushy cinquefoil
Potentilla tweedyi – Tweedy's mousetail
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Dry, open to wooded areas, middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Dry, open to wooded areas, middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Potentilla villosa – northern cinquefoil, villous cinquefoil
Distribution: Occurring in the North Cascades, Olympic Mountains, and at Mt. Rainier in Washington; Alaska to Oregon.
Habitat: Arctic tundra to alpine ridges, talus slopes and rock crevices.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the North Cascades, Olympic Mountains, and at Mt. Rainier in Washington; Alaska to Oregon.
Habitat: Arctic tundra to alpine ridges, talus slopes and rock crevices.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Poteridium annuum – annual burnet, prairie burnet
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to northern California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in eastern North America.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to northern California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in eastern North America.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Annual
Poterium sanguisorba – fodder burnet, small burnet
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, shores, pastures, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and North Africa
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, shores, pastures, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and North Africa
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. polygamum – burnet bloodwort, fodder burnet, small burnet
Prunus americana – American plum, wild plum
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southcentral and southeastern Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, and further east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Along watercourses, and on open or wooded, moist or dry areas from the plains into the lower mountains.
Origin: Native and introduced from further east of Washington
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southcentral and southeastern Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, and further east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Along watercourses, and on open or wooded, moist or dry areas from the plains into the lower mountains.
Origin: Native and introduced from further east of Washington
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prunus armeniaca – apricot
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and in scattered areas eastward to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, ledges, gravel or clay slopes, thickets, and shorelines
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and in scattered areas eastward to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, ledges, gravel or clay slopes, thickets, and shorelines
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prunus avium – sweet cherry
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington, though distributed widely throughout the state; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Forest edges, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington, though distributed widely throughout the state; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Forest edges, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prunus cerasifera – cherry plum, Flowering plum
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington, but also in southeastern Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho; also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Open, disturbed areas typically at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington, but also in southeastern Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho; also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Open, disturbed areas typically at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prunus cerasus – sour cherry
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho and Montana, also east from the Great Plains to the midwestern U.S. and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, thickets, forest edge, and fields.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho and Montana, also east from the Great Plains to the midwestern U.S. and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, thickets, forest edge, and fields.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prunus domestica – cultivated plum
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Utah; in scattered locations of central and northeastern U.S.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, forest openings, abandoned homesteads, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Utah; in scattered locations of central and northeastern U.S.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, forest openings, abandoned homesteads, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prunus dulcis – almond
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington, Idaho, and California.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, mostly along riparian zones and rocky slopes.
Origin: Introduced from western Asia and northern Africa
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington, Idaho, and California.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, mostly along riparian zones and rocky slopes.
Origin: Introduced from western Asia and northern Africa
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prunus emarginata – bitter cherry
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, rocky slopes, open forests, shorelines, and openings, from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, rocky slopes, open forests, shorelines, and openings, from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prunus laurocerasus – laurel cherry, cherry-laurel
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Fields, forest edge, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Fields, forest edge, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prunus lusitanica – Portugal laurel
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Thickets, forested slopes, grasslands, and shorelines.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Thickets, forested slopes, grasslands, and shorelines.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Prunus mahaleb – mahaleb cherry, perfumed cherry
Distribution: Ocurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Utah, and also in the eastern United States.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May - June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Ocurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Utah, and also in the eastern United States.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May - June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prunus padus – European bird cherry
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern Alaska, southwestern British Columbia to northwestern Washington, Montana, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Ornamental, occasionally escapes
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern Alaska, southwestern British Columbia to northwestern Washington, Montana, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Ornamental, occasionally escapes
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prunus persica – peach
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Thickets, shores, and disturbed ground.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Asia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Thickets, shores, and disturbed ground.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Asia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prunus ×pugetensis – Puget Sound cherry
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Southwestern British Columbia to northwestern Oregon, east in the Columbia River Gorge and in Chelan County, WA.
Habitat: Low elevations in forests or forest edges, or disturbed areas, typically where both parent species are present.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Southwestern British Columbia to northwestern Oregon, east in the Columbia River Gorge and in Chelan County, WA.
Habitat: Low elevations in forests or forest edges, or disturbed areas, typically where both parent species are present.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prunus spinosa – blackthorn
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to southern Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Moist draws, thickets, hillsides, roadsides, and railroads.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to southern Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Moist draws, thickets, hillsides, roadsides, and railroads.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prunus tomentosa – Nanking cherry
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; also in Utah, and from northern Great Plains east to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Thickets and hedgerows.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; also in Utah, and from northern Great Plains east to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Thickets and hedgerows.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prunus virginiana – common chokecherry, western chokecherry, white chokecherry
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Thickets, open forest, shorelines, rocky slopes, and roadsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Thickets, open forest, shorelines, rocky slopes, and roadsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prunus yedoensis – Yoshino cherry
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; also occurring in central California.
Habitat: Thickets and shorelines, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Japan
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; also occurring in central California.
Habitat: Thickets and shorelines, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Japan
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Purshia tridentata – antelope-brush, bitterbrush
Distribution: Widely distributed east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Nebraska.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and shrub-steppe to ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Nebraska.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and shrub-steppe to ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. tridentata – anteleope-brush, bitterbrush
Pyracantha coccinea – firethorn, scarlet firethorn
Distribution: O Occurring in scattered locations across Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Atlantic Coast along the southern half of the U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, wastelots, and forest margins often near towns and cities where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from western Asia
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: O Occurring in scattered locations across Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Atlantic Coast along the southern half of the U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, wastelots, and forest margins often near towns and cities where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from western Asia
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Pyracantha fortuneana – Chinese firethorn
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; southern British Columbia to California and Arizona, also in the southern and southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas where escaped from cultivation through bird-dispersal.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: January-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; southern British Columbia to California and Arizona, also in the southern and southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas where escaped from cultivation through bird-dispersal.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: January-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Pyrus communis – common pear
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, Utah and New Mexico; also from southcentral U.S. east and northeast to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Grasslands, thickets, shorelines, and forest openings;
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, Utah and New Mexico; also from southcentral U.S. east and northeast to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Grasslands, thickets, shorelines, and forest openings;
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rosa canina – dog rose
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Utah, and Arizona; also from Great Plains east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, thickets, forest edge, and other distrubed areas..
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Utah, and Arizona; also from Great Plains east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, thickets, forest edge, and other distrubed areas..
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rosa gymnocarpa – bald-hip rose
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, though more common west of the crest; British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Dry to moist woods, forest edge, and thickets, from sea level to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, though more common west of the crest; British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Dry to moist woods, forest edge, and thickets, from sea level to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rosa multiflora – multiflora rose, rambler rose
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washinton; British Columbia to California; east to the southern Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and eastern North America where widespread.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, highway and utility right of ways, forest edge, and other often moist, disturbed areas where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washinton; British Columbia to California; east to the southern Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and eastern North America where widespread.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, highway and utility right of ways, forest edge, and other often moist, disturbed areas where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rosa nutkana – Nootka rose
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, shores, forest edges, riparian zones, rocky slopes from low elevations to the montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, shores, forest edges, riparian zones, rocky slopes from low elevations to the montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. macdougalii – bristly Nootka rose
• ssp. nutkana – Nootka rose
Rosa pisocarpa – clustered rose, peafruit rose
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Thickets, stream banks, and swampy places at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Thickets, stream banks, and swampy places at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rosa rubiginosa – sweetbrier rose, small-flowered sweetbrier
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, though more common west of the crest; southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado, further east from the Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, thickets, shorelines, pastures, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, though more common west of the crest; southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado, further east from the Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, thickets, shorelines, pastures, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rosa rugosa – rugosa rose
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in coastal marine habitats; Alaska to Oregon; also in the north-central and northeastern areas of North America.
Habitat: Edge of saltwater beaches, roadsides, forest edge, fields, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in coastal marine habitats; Alaska to Oregon; also in the north-central and northeastern areas of North America.
Habitat: Edge of saltwater beaches, roadsides, forest edge, fields, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rosa woodsii – pearhip rose
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Valleys and hillsides at low elevations to forest openings at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Valleys and hillsides at low elevations to forest openings at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus allegheniensis – Allegheny blackberry, common blackberry
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Washington and California (but apparently not Oregon), east to Idaho; also from the central Great Plains to eastern North America.
Habitat: Damp thickets, peatlands, and forest openings.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Washington and California (but apparently not Oregon), east to Idaho; also from the central Great Plains to eastern North America.
Habitat: Damp thickets, peatlands, and forest openings.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus arcticus – nagoonberry
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, and east across Canada to the Great Lakes Region and the northern Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Montane meadows, bogs, and woodlands to alpine tundra.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, and east across Canada to the Great Lakes Region and the northern Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Montane meadows, bogs, and woodlands to alpine tundra.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus bifrons – Himalayan blackberry
Distribution: Occurrng on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, southern Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, riparian zones, and forest edges at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurrng on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, southern Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, riparian zones, and forest edges at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus idaeus – red raspberry
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet or dry woodland to open and often rocky mountain slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet or dry woodland to open and often rocky mountain slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. idaeus – red raspberry
• ssp. strigosus – grayleaf red raspberry
Rubus laciniatus – cut-leaf blackberry
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Roadsides, forest understory and edge, thickets, and other disturbed areas, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Roadsides, forest understory and edge, thickets, and other disturbed areas, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus lasiococcus – roughfruit berry, dwarf bramble, hairy-fruit smooth dewberry
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist to dry woods, lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist to dry woods, lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus leucodermis – blackcap raspberry, dark raspberry, whitebark raspberry
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to southern California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, forest edge and openings, fields, and hillsides from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to southern California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, forest edge and openings, fields, and hillsides from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus nigerrimus – dark raspberry, northwest raspberry
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic along the Snake River in Whitman County, Washington;
Habitat: Moist hillsides, usually along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic along the Snake River in Whitman County, Washington;
Habitat: Moist hillsides, usually along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus nivalis – snow dwarf bramble, snow dewberry
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to southwest Oregon, also in west-central Idaho.
Habitat: Open to deeply shaded, usually moist areas in the mountains at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to southwest Oregon, also in west-central Idaho.
Habitat: Open to deeply shaded, usually moist areas in the mountains at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus parviflorus – thimbleberry
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, the Rocky Mountains, and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Forest openings and edge, thickets, meadows, and riparian corridors from sea level to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, the Rocky Mountains, and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Forest openings and edge, thickets, meadows, and riparian corridors from sea level to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus pedatus – strawberry bramble, strawberry-leaf raspberry
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist areas, open banks to dense forests, near sea level to timberline
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist areas, open banks to dense forests, near sea level to timberline
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus pensilvanicus – Pennsylvania blackberry
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California also occurring in western Idaho; otherwise in central and eastern North America, where native.
Habitat: Damp slopes, dry forests, and thickets.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California also occurring in western Idaho; otherwise in central and eastern North America, where native.
Habitat: Damp slopes, dry forests, and thickets.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus pubescens – dwarf red blackberry, dwarf red blackberry raspberry, red raspberry
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Stream banks and moist woods to clearings where moderately dry, middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Stream banks and moist woods to clearings where moderately dry, middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus spectabilis – salmonberry
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, disjunct in northern Idaho.
Habitat: Lowland moist woods and swamps to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, disjunct in northern Idaho.
Habitat: Lowland moist woods and swamps to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus ulmifolius – elm-leaf blackberry
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California and Nevada; also in New Jersey.
Habitat: Fields, thickets, forest edge, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced Europe and northern Africa
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California and Nevada; also in New Jersey.
Habitat: Fields, thickets, forest edge, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced Europe and northern Africa
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus ursinus – Pacific blackberry, trailing blackberry, dewberry, Douglasberry
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Open to fairly dense woodlands, thickets, and balds, sea level to middle elevations in the mountains; common in logged areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Open to fairly dense woodlands, thickets, and balds, sea level to middle elevations in the mountains; common in logged areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus vestitus – European blackberry
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, also reported from Idaho.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, also reported from Idaho.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sanguisorba menziesii – Menzies' burnet, small-head burnet
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Peatlands, wet meadows, shores, generally at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Peatlands, wet meadows, shores, generally at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sanguisorba officinalis – garden burnet, great burnet
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington; Alaska to California; introduced in eastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Peatlands, wet meadows, marshes, shorelines, and wet forests from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington; Alaska to California; introduced in eastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Peatlands, wet meadows, marshes, shorelines, and wet forests from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sanguisorba stipulata – Sitka burnet
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Wet places at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Wet places at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sibbaldia procumbens – creeping-glow-wort, creeping sibbaldia
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and east across most of Canda to the Atlantic Coasl.
Habitat: Open, dry to moist subalpine and alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and east across most of Canda to the Atlantic Coasl.
Habitat: Open, dry to moist subalpine and alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sorbus aucuparia – European mountain-ash
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Forest edge, thickets, shorelines, and other generally moist areas where often disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Forest edge, thickets, shorelines, and other generally moist areas where often disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sorbus hybrida – Swedish mountain-ash, Swedish service-tree
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington.
Habitat: Shoreline ledges and thickets at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington.
Habitat: Shoreline ledges and thickets at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sorbus scopulina – Greene's mountain ash, Cascade mountain-ash, western mountain-ash
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Open areas, from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Open areas, from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sorbus sitchensis – Sitka mountain-ash
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northern California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Forest openings at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northern California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Forest openings at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. grayi – Sitka mountain-ash
• var. sitchensis – Sitka mountain-ash
Spiraea douglasii – Douglas's spiraea, hardhack steeplebush
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Swamps, lake margins and damp meadows, from sea level to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Swamps, lake margins and damp meadows, from sea level to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. douglasii – Douglas's spiraea
• var. menziesii – Menzies's spiraea
Spiraea ×hitchcockii – Hitchcock's spiraea
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades in Washington; northern Washington to Oregon.
Habitat: Forest openings at low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades in Washington; northern Washington to Oregon.
Habitat: Forest openings at low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Spiraea lucida – shiny-leaf spiraea, shinyleaf spiraea
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Saskatchewan and Wyoming.
Habitat: Stream banks and open to wooded areas, sea level to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Saskatchewan and Wyoming.
Habitat: Stream banks and open to wooded areas, sea level to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Spiraea ×pyramidata – pyramid spiraea
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Somewhat dry forest openings, from the lowlands to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Somewhat dry forest openings, from the lowlands to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Spiraea splendens – rosy spiraea, subalpine spiraea
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California and Nevada, east to Alberta, Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Moist forest openings and rocky slopes, middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California and Nevada, east to Alberta, Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Moist forest openings and rocky slopes, middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
