Montiaceae
Miner's Lettuce Family
7 genera
31 species
7 subspecies and varieties
31 species
7 subspecies and varieties
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Calandrinia menziesii – fringed red maids
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Arizona and New Mexico.
Habitat: Gravelly to heavy soil, usually where vernally moist, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Arizona and New Mexico.
Habitat: Gravelly to heavy soil, usually where vernally moist, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Calyptridium roseum – rosy pussypaws
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Benton County, Washington, where disjunct from the main range of the species; central Oregon to California, east to southern Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to montane forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Benton County, Washington, where disjunct from the main range of the species; central Oregon to California, east to southern Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to montane forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Calyptridium umbellatum – pussypaws
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Baja California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Utah.
Habitat: Ponderosa pine forest openings to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Baja California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Utah.
Habitat: Ponderosa pine forest openings to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Claytonia arenicola – sand claytonia, sand springbeauty
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest along the eastern border of Washington and in the Columbia River Gorge; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho and western Montana.
Habitat: Mossy and rocky places, from sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest along the eastern border of Washington and in the Columbia River Gorge; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho and western Montana.
Habitat: Mossy and rocky places, from sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Claytonia cordifolia – broadleaf springbeauty, heart-leaf springbeauty
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: On wet soil, usually along streams, moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: On wet soil, usually along streams, moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Claytonia exigua – pale claytonia
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to northwestern Nevada.
Habitat: Open areas on rock, clayey soils, or sand.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to northwestern Nevada.
Habitat: Open areas on rock, clayey soils, or sand.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Annual
• ssp. exigua – Claytonia, pale springbeauty Claytonia
• ssp. glauca – pallid Claytonia
Claytonia lanceolata – lanceleaf springbeauty
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Sasketchewan.
Habitat: Sagebrush foothills to alpine slopes, usually where vernally moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Sasketchewan.
Habitat: Sagebrush foothills to alpine slopes, usually where vernally moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Claytonia megarhiza – alpine springbeauty
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Wenatchee Mountains of Washington; in scattered locations from Northwest Territories to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Gravelly soil and talus slopes, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Wenatchee Mountains of Washington; in scattered locations from Northwest Territories to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Gravelly soil and talus slopes, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Claytonia multiscapa – Rydberg's springbeauty
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; in scattered locations from British Columbia south to Washington; east to Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Rocky subalpine to alpine slopes and outcroppings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; in scattered locations from British Columbia south to Washington; east to Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Rocky subalpine to alpine slopes and outcroppings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. pacifica – Pacific lanceleaf springbeauty
Claytonia parviflora – small-flowered miner's lettuce, small-flowered springbeauty
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open rocky areas, open forest, forest edge, and disturbed areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open rocky areas, open forest, forest edge, and disturbed areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Claytonia perfoliata – miner's lettuce
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Forest openings and margins, shaded rock crevices, and open areas where seasonally moist from the coast to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Forest openings and margins, shaded rock crevices, and open areas where seasonally moist from the coast to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Claytonia rubra – cushion miner's lettuce, red miners lettuce
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open areas from sea level to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open areas from sea level to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Claytonia sibirica – candyflower, Siberian springbeauty, western springbeauty
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Montana and northeastern Oregon and southeastern Idaho.
Habitat: Moist, usually shady places, lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Montana and northeastern Oregon and southeastern Idaho.
Habitat: Moist, usually shady places, lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Claytonia umbellata – Great Basin springbeauty
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Wenatchee Mountains in Washington, where disjunct from the main range of the species; Wasco and Wallowa counties, Oregon to California and western Nevada, disjunct in the Wenatchee Mountains of Washington.
Habitat: Montane to subalpine talus and scree.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Wenatchee Mountains in Washington, where disjunct from the main range of the species; Wasco and Wallowa counties, Oregon to California and western Nevada, disjunct in the Wenatchee Mountains of Washington.
Habitat: Montane to subalpine talus and scree.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Claytonia washingtoniana – Lake Washington claytonia, Lake Washington miner's lettuce, Lake Washington springbeauty
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs and coniferous forests at low elevations, typically where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: January-June
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs and coniferous forests at low elevations, typically where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: January-June
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Lewisia columbiana – Columbia lewisia
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open gravelly or rocky slopes and rock crevices at middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open gravelly or rocky slopes and rock crevices at middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. columbiana – Columbia lewisia
• var. rupicola – Columbia lewisia
Lewisia cotyledon – Siskiyou lewisia
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the Goat Rocks Wilderness, where it has been intentionally planted and may persist; otherwise southwestern Oregon to adjacent California.
Habitat: Alpine areas.
Origin: Introduced from Oregon and California
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the Goat Rocks Wilderness, where it has been intentionally planted and may persist; otherwise southwestern Oregon to adjacent California.
Habitat: Alpine areas.
Origin: Introduced from Oregon and California
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Lewisia nevadensis – Nevada bitterroot
Distribution: Occurring along and east of the Cascades crest, and in the Blue Mountains in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, often gravelly, moist to mesic areas at middle elevations in the mountains to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring along and east of the Cascades crest, and in the Blue Mountains in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, often gravelly, moist to mesic areas at middle elevations in the mountains to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Lewisia pygmaea – least bitterroot, alpine lewisia, dwarf lewisia
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic and Cascade Mountains of Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, often gravelly, moist to rather dry areas, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic and Cascade Mountains of Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, often gravelly, moist to rather dry areas, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Lewisia rediviva – bitterroot
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, and Arizona.
Habitat: Open gravelly and rocky areas from sagebrush plains to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, and Arizona.
Habitat: Open gravelly and rocky areas from sagebrush plains to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. rediviva – bitterroot
Lewisia triphylla – three leaf bitterroot, three leaf lewisia
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana and south in the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, usually sandy areas where vernally moist, ponderosa pine forests to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana and south in the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, usually sandy areas where vernally moist, ponderosa pine forests to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Lewisiopsis tweedyi – Tweedy's lewisia
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Kittitas, Chelan, and Okanogan counties in Washington; south-central British Columbia to north-central Washington.
Habitat: Rock outcroppings and dry slopes of open ponderosa pine/Douglas fir forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Kittitas, Chelan, and Okanogan counties in Washington; south-central British Columbia to north-central Washington.
Habitat: Rock outcroppings and dry slopes of open ponderosa pine/Douglas fir forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Montia chamissoi – Chamisso's montia, water montia
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; scattered locations east of the Mississippi in the U.S.
Habitat: Wet areas, often in water, from the lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; scattered locations east of the Mississippi in the U.S.
Habitat: Wet areas, often in water, from the lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Montia dichotoma – dwarf montia
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and western Montana.
Habitat: Moist areas in the lowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and western Montana.
Habitat: Moist areas in the lowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Montia diffusa – spreading candyflower, branching montia
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Marin County, California.
Habitat: Moist woods at low elevation.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Marin County, California.
Habitat: Moist woods at low elevation.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Montia fontana – water blinks, water chickweed, annual water miner's lettuce
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho, eastward across northern Canada to eastern North America.
Habitat: Wet places, including meadows, fields, lawns, and vernally moist sites, sometimes aquatic and floating, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho, eastward across northern Canada to eastern North America.
Habitat: Wet places, including meadows, fields, lawns, and vernally moist sites, sometimes aquatic and floating, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Montia howellii – Howell's montia
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist lowland areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - May
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist lowland areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - May
Growth Duration: Annual
Montia linearis – lineleaf miner's lettuce, narrow-leafed montia
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Calfornia, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist to dry, usually sandy soil, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Calfornia, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist to dry, usually sandy soil, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Montia parvifolia – littleleaf miner's lettuce, streambank springbeauty
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Dry soils, rocky outcrops, and other open, exposed areas from the coast to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Dry soils, rocky outcrops, and other open, exposed areas from the coast to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Phemeranthus sediformis – Okanogan fameflower
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; southern British Columbia to northern Washington.
Habitat: Rocky, exposed slopes and ledges at lower elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; southern British Columbia to northern Washington.
Habitat: Rocky, exposed slopes and ledges at lower elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Phemeranthus spinescens – spinescent fameflower, spiny fameflower
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; north-central Washington to north-central Oregon.
Habitat: Rocky, basaltic outcrops and sagebrush scabland.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; north-central Washington to north-central Oregon.
Habitat: Rocky, basaltic outcrops and sagebrush scabland.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
