Liliaceae
Lily Family
10 genera
26 species
8 subspecies and varieties
26 species
8 subspecies and varieties
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Index to genera:
Calochortus, Clintonia, Erythronium, Fritillaria, Gagea, Lilium, Lloydia, Prosartes, Streptopus, TulipaCalochortus apiculatus – Baker's mariposa lily, pointed mariposa lily, three-spot mariposa lily
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the northeast counties of Washington; southeastern British Columbia to northeastern Washington, east to southeastern Alberta, northern Idaho, and western Montana.
Habitat: Dry meadows to sparse or deep woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the northeast counties of Washington; southeastern British Columbia to northeastern Washington, east to southeastern Alberta, northern Idaho, and western Montana.
Habitat: Dry meadows to sparse or deep woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Calochortus elegans – elegant cats-ear, northwestern mariposa lily, elegant sego-lily
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon and northern California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Grassy hillsides and open coniferous forests, middle to high elvations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon and northern California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Grassy hillsides and open coniferous forests, middle to high elvations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. elegans – elegant cat's ear, northwest mariposa lily
Calochortus eurycarpus – big-pod mariposa lily, wide-fruited mariposa lily
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to eastern Oregon, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Grasslands and open coniferous forests at moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to eastern Oregon, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Grasslands and open coniferous forests at moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Calochortus longebarbatus – long-bearded sego-lily
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Yakima and Klickitat counties in Washington; south-central Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Open meadows, low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Yakima and Klickitat counties in Washington; south-central Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Open meadows, low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Calochortus lyallii – Lyall's mariposa lily
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; British Columbia south along the east slope of the Cascades to south-central Washington.
Habitat: Dry, open coniferous forests at moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; British Columbia south along the east slope of the Cascades to south-central Washington.
Habitat: Dry, open coniferous forests at moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Calochortus macrocarpus – sagebrush mariposa lily, green-banded star-tulip
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry open forests, hillsides, grasslands and sagebrush, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry open forests, hillsides, grasslands and sagebrush, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. macrocarpus – sagebrush mariposa lily
• var. maculosus – sagebrush mariposa
Calochortus nitidus – broad-fruited mariposa lily
Distribution: Occurring in Whitman County in Washington; Washington to adjacent areas of Idaho and northeast Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows at low elevation.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in Whitman County in Washington; Washington to adjacent areas of Idaho and northeast Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows at low elevation.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Calochortus subalpinus – mountain mariposa, subalpine mariposa lily
Distribution: Occurring along the Cascades crest in Washington; from Mt. Adams and Mt St. Helens, Washington to the Three Sisters area in Oregon.
Habitat: Open forests in loose volcanic soils, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring along the Cascades crest in Washington; from Mt. Adams and Mt St. Helens, Washington to the Three Sisters area in Oregon.
Habitat: Open forests in loose volcanic soils, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Clintonia uniflora – bride's-bonnet, queen's cup
Distribution: Occurring in forested and mountainous areas throughout Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist coniferous forests, from the foothills to fairly high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in forested and mountainous areas throughout Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist coniferous forests, from the foothills to fairly high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Erythronium grandiflorum – yellow fawn-lily, glacier-lily
Distribution: Widely distributed in mountainous and forested areas across Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Balds and forest openings from sea level to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed in mountainous and forested areas across Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Balds and forest openings from sea level to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. chrysandrum – yellow fawn-lily
• var. grandiflorum – yellow fawn-lily, glacier-lily
• var. pallidum – pale-anthered glacier-lily
Erythronium idahoense – Idaho fawn-lily
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; eastern Washington to adjacent Idaho and western Montana.
Habitat: Grasslands and ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; eastern Washington to adjacent Idaho and western Montana.
Habitat: Grasslands and ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Erythronium montanum – avalanche-lily, white avalanche-lily
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Coast Range and Vancouver Island in British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Forest openings and mountain meadows, subalpine to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Coast Range and Vancouver Island in British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Forest openings and mountain meadows, subalpine to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Erythronium oregonum – deer's tongue, giant fawn-lily, wild easter lily
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the Puget Sound lowlands and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Prairies, rocky balds, moist woods; at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the Puget Sound lowlands and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Prairies, rocky balds, moist woods; at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. oregonum – giant fawn lily, wild easter lily, deer's tongue
Erythronium quinaultense – Olympic fawn-lily, Quinault trout-lily
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington, where endemic to Grays Harbor and Jefferson counties.
Habitat: Coniferous forest understory and edge, and moist slopes at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington, where endemic to Grays Harbor and Jefferson counties.
Habitat: Coniferous forest understory and edge, and moist slopes at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Erythronium revolutum – coast fawn-lily, mahogany fawn-lily, pink fawn-lily
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to northwest California.
Habitat: Along river banks and the edge of woods, in open or in moderate shade.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to northwest California.
Habitat: Along river banks and the edge of woods, in open or in moderate shade.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fritillaria affinis – checker lily, chocolate lily, rice-root lily
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, disjunct in eastern Washington and northern Idaho.
Habitat: Prairies, balds, and grassy bluffs to woodlands and coniferous forests, sea level to fairly high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, disjunct in eastern Washington and northern Idaho.
Habitat: Prairies, balds, and grassy bluffs to woodlands and coniferous forests, sea level to fairly high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fritillaria camschatcensis – black lily, Indian rice
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in northwestern Washington; Alaska to Oregon.
Habitat: Moist areas from near tide flats to mountain meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in northwestern Washington; Alaska to Oregon.
Habitat: Moist areas from near tide flats to mountain meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fritillaria pudica – yellow bells, yellow fritillary, yellow mission bells
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California and Nevada, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe to mixed coniferous forests, from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California and Nevada, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe to mixed coniferous forests, from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Lilium columbianum – Columbia lily
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to northwestern Montana.
Habitat: Prairies, forest edge, forest openings, and meadows from sea level to to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to northwestern Montana.
Habitat: Prairies, forest edge, forest openings, and meadows from sea level to to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Lloydia serotina – alp lily, alpine lily
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon and Nevada, east to Alberta and New Mexico.
Habitat: Gravelly ridges, cliffs and rock crevices at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon and Nevada, east to Alberta and New Mexico.
Habitat: Gravelly ridges, cliffs and rock crevices at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. serotina – alpine lily
Prosartes hookeri – fairy-bells, Hooker's fairy-bells
Distribution: Occurring in forested areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Moist, shady, wooded areas, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in forested areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Moist, shady, wooded areas, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prosartes smithii – Smith's fairy-bells
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open to dense moist woods at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open to dense moist woods at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prosartes trachycarpa – wartberry fairy-bells
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains of the U.S. and Canada, reaching Ontario and Michigan.
Habitat: Wooded slopes, often near streams, and in aspen groves.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains of the U.S. and Canada, reaching Ontario and Michigan.
Habitat: Wooded slopes, often near streams, and in aspen groves.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Streptopus amplexifolius – cucumber root, clasp-leaf twisted-stalk, clasping twisted-stalk
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Open to dense moist forests from low elevations to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Open to dense moist forests from low elevations to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Streptopus lanceolatus – rosy twisted-stalk
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta and Montana (but not Idaho); also from the Great Lakes region east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Streambanks and damp woods at moderate to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta and Montana (but not Idaho); also from the Great Lakes region east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Streambanks and damp woods at moderate to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Streptopus streptopoides – small twisted-stalk
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta and Idaho.
Habitat: Dense, damp conifer forest, from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta and Idaho.
Habitat: Dense, damp conifer forest, from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
