Hydrophyllaceae
Waterleaf Family
5 genera
27 species
14 subspecies and varieties
27 species
14 subspecies and varieties
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Hesperochiron californicus – California hesperochiron, California monkey-fiddle
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to western Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Mostly in more or less alkaline meadows and flats, in plains, foothills and valleys.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to western Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Mostly in more or less alkaline meadows and flats, in plains, foothills and valleys.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hesperochiron pumilus – small hesperochiron, small monkey-fiddle
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascade crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Meadows and moist, open slopes from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascade crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Meadows and moist, open slopes from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hydrophyllum capitatum – wool breeches, ballhead waterleaf
Distribution: Occurring mostly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist, open slopes and woodlands, foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring mostly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist, open slopes and woodlands, foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. capitatum – wool breeches, ballhead waterleaf
• var. thompsonii – Thompson's wool breeches, Thompson's ballhead waterleaf
Hydrophyllum fendleri – Fendler's waterleaf
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Utah.
Habitat: Thickets and moist open places, from lowlands to mid elevations in mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Utah.
Habitat: Thickets and moist open places, from lowlands to mid elevations in mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. albifrons – Fendler's waterleaf
• var. fendleri – Fendler's waterleaf
Hydrophyllum tenuipes – Pacific waterleaf
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Forest understory and edge at low elevations, often where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Forest understory and edge at low elevations, often where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Nemophila breviflora – Great Basin baby-blue-eyes
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Wooded slopes, thickets, and less often in open places, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Wooded slopes, thickets, and less often in open places, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Nemophila kirtleyi – Snake Canyon baby-blue-eyes
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to southeastern Oregon, east to central Idaho.
Habitat: Rocky slopes, generally in partial shade, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - May
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to southeastern Oregon, east to central Idaho.
Habitat: Rocky slopes, generally in partial shade, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - May
Growth Duration: Annual
Nemophila maculata – baby blue eyes, five-spot
Distribution: Occurring occasionally as an escape on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern Oregon to southern California.
Habitat: In our area a garden escape to open areas; in its native range found in meadows, roadbanks, and woodland.
Origin: Introduced from California
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring occasionally as an escape on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern Oregon to southern California.
Habitat: In our area a garden escape to open areas; in its native range found in meadows, roadbanks, and woodland.
Origin: Introduced from California
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Nemophila menziesii – baby blue-eyes
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where largely known as a garden escape; native from southwestern Oregon to southern California.
Habitat: In our area a garden escape to open areas; in its native range found in meadows, roadbanks, and woodland.
Origin: Introduced from California and Oregon
Flowers: May-june
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where largely known as a garden escape; native from southwestern Oregon to southern California.
Habitat: In our area a garden escape to open areas; in its native range found in meadows, roadbanks, and woodland.
Origin: Introduced from California and Oregon
Flowers: May-june
Growth Duration: Annual
• var. menziesii – baby blue-eyes
Nemophila parviflora – small-flowered nemophila
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more common west of the crest; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Shady, wooded slopes, forest openings and edge, from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more common west of the crest; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Shady, wooded slopes, forest openings and edge, from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
• var. austiniae – small-flowered nemophila
• var. parviflora – small-flowered nemophila
Nemophila pedunculata – meadow baby-blue-eyes, spreading nemophila
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia to Baja California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Moist, open places, like meadows and bottom lands, in the foothills and lowlands, occasionally somewhat higher.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia to Baja California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Moist, open places, like meadows and bottom lands, in the foothills and lowlands, occasionally somewhat higher.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Phacelia bolanderi – Bolander's phacelia, Bolander's scorpion-weed
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland southwestern Washington; Coos Bay, Oregon south along the coast to Sonoma County, California.
Habitat: Mostly on open, often unstable slopes at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland southwestern Washington; Coos Bay, Oregon south along the coast to Sonoma County, California.
Habitat: Mostly on open, often unstable slopes at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Phacelia franklinii – Franklin's scorpion-weed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; Yukon to northeastern Washington, east to western Montana and Wyoming, further east to the Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Talus and open areas at middle elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; Yukon to northeastern Washington, east to western Montana and Wyoming, further east to the Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Talus and open areas at middle elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Phacelia glandulifera – sticky phacelia, glandular-hair scorpion-weed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho, Nevada, Utah, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Open areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho, Nevada, Utah, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Open areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June
Growth Duration: Annual
Phacelia hastata – silverleaf phacelia, whiteleaf phacelia
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry, open, often sandy areas, low to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry, open, often sandy areas, low to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. compacta – silverleaf phacelia, whiteleaf phacelia
• var. hastata – silverleaf phacelia, whiteleaf phacelia
• var. leptosepala – narrow-sepal scorpion-weed
Phacelia heterophylla – varileaf phacelia, virgate phacelia
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Widespread in dry, open places from the foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Widespread in dry, open places from the foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Phacelia humilis – low phacelia
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Moist to moderately dry soil at low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Moist to moderately dry soil at low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
• var. humilis – low phacelia
Phacelia lenta – sticky scorpion-weed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Chelan and Douglas counties.
Habitat: Open rocky habitats, talus, rocky outcrops.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Chelan and Douglas counties.
Habitat: Open rocky habitats, talus, rocky outcrops.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Phacelia linearis – thread-leaf phacelia, thread-leaf scorpion-weed
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Common in dry, open places in the foothills and plains to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Common in dry, open places in the foothills and plains to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Phacelia minutissima – least phacelia, dwarf scorpion-weed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Kittitas County in Washington; central Washington to northeastern Nevada, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Meadows and forest openings at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Kittitas County in Washington; central Washington to northeastern Nevada, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Meadows and forest openings at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Phacelia nemoralis – shade phacelia, woodland phacelia
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Thickets and woodlands, usually in fairly dry and shady areas, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Thickets and woodlands, usually in fairly dry and shady areas, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
• var. oregonensis – woodland phacelia
Phacelia procera – tall scorpion-weed
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, also in the Blue Mountains of northeast Oregon and east to adjacent west-central Idaho.
Habitat: Meadows, forest openings and edge, and lightly wooded slopes at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, also in the Blue Mountains of northeast Oregon and east to adjacent west-central Idaho.
Habitat: Meadows, forest openings and edge, and lightly wooded slopes at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Phacelia ramosissima – branched phacelia
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to California, east to southwestern Idaho and Arizona.
Habitat: Dry, open places in the plains and foothills, commonly on basaltic talus, ledges and cliffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to California, east to southwestern Idaho and Arizona.
Habitat: Dry, open places in the plains and foothills, commonly on basaltic talus, ledges and cliffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. ramosissima – branched phacelia
Phacelia sericea – silky phacelia
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, often rocky areas, from middle elevations in the mountains to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, often rocky areas, from middle elevations in the mountains to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. sericea – silky phacelia
Phacelia tetramera – dwarf phacelia, four-part yellow scorpion-weed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington to California, east to Idaho, Wyoming and Utah.
Habitat: Alkaline flats and washes at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington to California, east to Idaho, Wyoming and Utah.
Habitat: Alkaline flats and washes at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Romanzoffia sitchensis – Sitka mistmaiden
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northern California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Wet cliffs and ledges, usually at middle to high elevations in the mountains, but descending to near sea level in the Columbia River Gorge.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northern California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Wet cliffs and ledges, usually at middle to high elevations in the mountains, but descending to near sea level in the Columbia River Gorge.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Romanzoffia tracyi – Tracy's mistmaiden
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs and rocks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs and rocks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
