Celastraceae
Bittersweet Family, Grass of Parnassus Family
Synonyms:
Parnassiaceae
3 genera
9 species
2 subspecies and varieties
9 species
2 subspecies and varieties
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Euonymus europaeus – European spindle tree
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed east of the Mississippi in the U.S. and in eastern Canada.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, often where moist.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed east of the Mississippi in the U.S. and in eastern Canada.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, often where moist.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Euonymus occidentalis – burning bush, western wahoo
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist woods at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist woods at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. occidentalis – western wahoo
Parnassia cirrata – Cascade grass-of-Parnassus
Distribution: Occurring in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Columbia River Gorge to California, east to Nevada and Idaho.
Habitat: Bogs, stream banks, and wet meadows, montane to alpine.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Columbia River Gorge to California, east to Nevada and Idaho.
Habitat: Bogs, stream banks, and wet meadows, montane to alpine.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. intermedia – Cascade grass-of-Parnassus
Parnassia fimbriata – fringed grass-of-Parnassus
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Montana and New Mexico.
Habitat: Bogs, stream banks and wet meadows, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Montana and New Mexico.
Habitat: Bogs, stream banks and wet meadows, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Parnassia kotzebuei – Kotzebue's grass-of-Parnassus
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where known only from Okanogan and Chelan counties in Washington; Alaska to Chelan County, WA, east to the Rocky Mountains, further east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist subalpine meadows, cliff faces, and ledges, often in boggy soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where known only from Okanogan and Chelan counties in Washington; Alaska to Chelan County, WA, east to the Rocky Mountains, further east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist subalpine meadows, cliff faces, and ledges, often in boggy soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Parnassia palustris – grass-of-Parnassus, northern grass-of-Parnassus
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Casades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Arctic tundra to moist, shaded areas in the mountains, where usually along streams or around springs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Casades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Arctic tundra to moist, shaded areas in the mountains, where usually along streams or around springs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Parnassia parviflora – small-flowered grass-of-Parnassus
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Bogs, stream banks, and wet meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Bogs, stream banks, and wet meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Paxistima myrsinites – Oregon boxleaf
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sea-level to alpine in forest understory, forest edge; balds, and rocky openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sea-level to alpine in forest understory, forest edge; balds, and rocky openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
