Vascular Plants
Includes all flowering plants, conifers, ferns and fern-allies.
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Scientific names beginning with R:
26 genera
134 species, 44 subspecies and varieties
134 species, 44 subspecies and varieties
Show only taxa with photos
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Index to genera:
Rainiera, Ranunculus, Raphanus, Ratibida, Redfieldia, Reseda, Rhamnus, Rhaponticum, Rheum, Rhinanthus, Rhodiola, Rhododendron, Rhus, Rhynchospora, Ribes, Rigiopappus, Robinia, Romanzoffia, Rorippa, Rosa, Rotala, Rubus, Rudbeckia, Rumex, Rupertia, RuppiaRainiera stricta – false silverback
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest from Stevens Pass area south; central Washington to Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows and moist, open hillsides at middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-Septermber
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest from Stevens Pass area south; central Washington to Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows and moist, open hillsides at middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-Septermber
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ranunculus abortivus – kidney-leaf buttercup
Distribution: Occurring in the northeastern region of Washington; Yukon Territory to the southern Rocky Mountains and Gulf Coast, east to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Montane forest understory and meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the northeastern region of Washington; Yukon Territory to the southern Rocky Mountains and Gulf Coast, east to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Montane forest understory and meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Ranunculus acris – meadow buttercup
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern part of the U.S. and Canada to eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist to well-drained soil at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern part of the U.S. and Canada to eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist to well-drained soil at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ranunculus alismifolius – plantain-leaved buttercup
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Swales, streambanks and moist meadows, low to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Swales, streambanks and moist meadows, low to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. alismellus – dwarf plantain-leaved buttercup
• var. alismifolius – plantain-leaved buttercup
• var. hartwegii – Hartweg's buttercup
Ranunculus aquatilis – white western buttercup, water crowfoot, white water crowfoot
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: In sluggish streams, ponds, lakes, and mudflats at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: In sluggish streams, ponds, lakes, and mudflats at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. aquatilis – white water buttercup
• var. diffusus – water buttercup
Ranunculus arvensis – field buttercup, hungerweed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Utah; also in areas of central and eastern U.S.
Habitat: Dry woodlands and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Utah; also in areas of central and eastern U.S.
Habitat: Dry woodlands and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Ranunculus basalticus – basalt buttercup
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Kittitas, Yakima, and Klickitat counties.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, grassy slopes, and open Quercus garryana forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Kittitas, Yakima, and Klickitat counties.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, grassy slopes, and open Quercus garryana forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ranunculus bulbosus – St. Anthony's-turnip, bulbous buttercup
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also widespread in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also widespread in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ranunculus californicus – California buttercup
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the northwestern coast in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Grassy bluffs along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the northwestern coast in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Grassy bluffs along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. californicus – California buttercup
Ranunculus cardiophyllus – heart-leaf buttercup
Distribution: Reported from northeastern Washington, but no specimens have been seen; eastern British Columbia, south in the Rocky Mountains to Arizona and New Mexico, east to Alberta and the northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Wet to dry montane to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Reported from northeastern Washington, but no specimens have been seen; eastern British Columbia, south in the Rocky Mountains to Arizona and New Mexico, east to Alberta and the northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Wet to dry montane to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ranunculus eschscholtzii – subalpine buttercup
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Meadow and talus slopes at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Meadow and talus slopes at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. eschscholtzii – Eschscholtz buttercup
• var. suksdorfii – Suksdorf's buttercup
Ranunculus flabellaris – yellow water buttercup
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern California, east to the Rocky Mountain states and in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Shallow ponds, mud flats and marshes at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern California, east to the Rocky Mountain states and in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Shallow ponds, mud flats and marshes at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ranunculus flammula – creeping buttercup, lesser spearwort
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Mostly in mud, often where brackish, from sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Mostly in mud, often where brackish, from sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. flammula – creeping spearwort
• var. ovalis – creeping spearwort
• var. reptans – creeping spearwort
Ranunculus glaberrimus – sagebrush buttercup
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington, with disjunct populations in the northeast Olympic Mountains and Ross Lake area of Whatcom County; British Columbia to northern California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, shrub-steppe and ponderosa pine woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington, with disjunct populations in the northeast Olympic Mountains and Ross Lake area of Whatcom County; British Columbia to northern California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, shrub-steppe and ponderosa pine woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. ellipticus – sagebrush buttercup
• var. glaberrimus – sagebrush buttercup
Ranunculus gmelinii – Gmelin's buttercup, small yellow water buttercup
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains, and across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Standing water up to 2 meters deep.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains, and across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Standing water up to 2 meters deep.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ranunculus grayi – arctic buttercup
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympics and Cascades mountains in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympics and Cascades mountains in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ranunculus hebecarpus – downy buttercup
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Baja California, east to Idaho and Arizona.
Habitat: Moist to rather dry hillsides and woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Baja California, east to Idaho and Arizona.
Habitat: Moist to rather dry hillsides and woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Ranunculus inamoenus – graceful buttercup
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; British Columbia to Nevada and Arizona, east to Montana, Wyoming, Colorado and New Mexico, also in scattered areas of the northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Mountain meadows and moist slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; British Columbia to Nevada and Arizona, east to Montana, Wyoming, Colorado and New Mexico, also in scattered areas of the northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Mountain meadows and moist slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. inamoenus – unlovely buttercup
Ranunculus macounii – Macoun's buttercup
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains and central Canada; also in Canadian Maritimes.
Habitat: Riparian areas and wet meadows from lowlands to montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains and central Canada; also in Canadian Maritimes.
Habitat: Riparian areas and wet meadows from lowlands to montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ranunculus muricatus – spiny-fruit buttercup
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California, east across North America in scattered locations.
Habitat: Ditches and other moist places, often on cultivated land.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California, east across North America in scattered locations.
Habitat: Ditches and other moist places, often on cultivated land.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Ranunculus occidentalis – western buttercup
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta and Nevada.
Habitat: Moist to well-drained soil, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta and Nevada.
Habitat: Moist to well-drained soil, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. occidentalis – western buttercup
Ranunculus orthorhynchus – straight-beak buttercup
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southeastern Alaska to California, east to Idaho, western Montana, western Wyoming, Utah, and Nevada.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist fields to mountain meadows and slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southeastern Alaska to California, east to Idaho, western Montana, western Wyoming, Utah, and Nevada.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist fields to mountain meadows and slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. orthorhynchus – straight-beak buttercup
• var. platyphyllus – straight-beak buttercup
Ranunculus parviflorus – small-flower buttercup
Distribution: Sparingly introduced to lowlands of west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California; also in the southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, urbanized settings, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Sparingly introduced to lowlands of west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California; also in the southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, urbanized settings, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Ranunculus pensylvanicus – Pennsylvania buttercup
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascade crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, Idaho and Montana; also in eastern North America and scattered areas in the Southwest.
Habitat: Wet ground, especially along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascade crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, Idaho and Montana; also in eastern North America and scattered areas in the Southwest.
Habitat: Wet ground, especially along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Ranunculus populago – mountain buttercup
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and western Montana.
Habitat: Wet areas at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and western Montana.
Habitat: Wet areas at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ranunculus pygmaeus – dwarf buttercup
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; Alaska to Washington, Idaho and the Rocky Mountains, east across northern Canada to Greenland, and Europe.
Habitat: Alpine meadows and rock crevices, generally near snowbanks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; Alaska to Washington, Idaho and the Rocky Mountains, east across northern Canada to Greenland, and Europe.
Habitat: Alpine meadows and rock crevices, generally near snowbanks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ranunculus repens – creeping buttercup
Distribution: Occurring throughout Washington, but more common west of the Cascades crest; Alaska to California and Utah, and from central plains of U.S. to Labrador.
Habitat: Wet meadows and fields, riparian corridors disturbed forest understory, lawns, and other disturbed areas where often moist.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring throughout Washington, but more common west of the Cascades crest; Alaska to California and Utah, and from central plains of U.S. to Labrador.
Habitat: Wet meadows and fields, riparian corridors disturbed forest understory, lawns, and other disturbed areas where often moist.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ranunculus sardous – hairy buttercup
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascade in Washington; British Columbia to northern California; also in the eastern United States, Europe, Australia and Pacific Islands.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, fields and open woods.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascade in Washington; British Columbia to northern California; also in the eastern United States, Europe, Australia and Pacific Islands.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, fields and open woods.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Ranunculus sceleratus – blister buttercup, celery-leaved buttercup, celery-leaved crowfoot
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout much of Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Moist meadows and boggy shoreland to semi-aquatic and often brackish areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout much of Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Moist meadows and boggy shoreland to semi-aquatic and often brackish areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. multifidus – celery-leaved buttercup
• var. sceleratus – celery-leaved buttercup
Ranunculus triternatus – Dalles Mountain buttercup, obscure buttercup
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known from Klickitat County; south-central Washington to Wasco County, Oregon.
Habitat: Sagebrush slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: (December) January-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known from Klickitat County; south-central Washington to Wasco County, Oregon.
Habitat: Sagebrush slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: (December) January-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ranunculus uncinatus – little buttercup
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist, usually shady areas, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist, usually shady areas, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Raphanus raphanistrum – jointed charlock, wild radish
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other distrubed, open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced, probably from the Mediterranean region
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other distrubed, open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced, probably from the Mediterranean region
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Raphanus sativus – garden radish
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Waste places.
Origin: Introduced, probably from Mediterranean Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Waste places.
Origin: Introduced, probably from Mediterranean Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Redfieldia flexuosa – blowout grass
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where likely planted for dune stabilization.
Habitat: Sand dunes in sagebrush desert
Origin: Introduced from central United States
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where likely planted for dune stabilization.
Habitat: Sand dunes in sagebrush desert
Origin: Introduced from central United States
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Reseda alba – white upright mignonette
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California; also in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California; also in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Reseda luteola – yellow dye, Dyer's rocket, weld
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California; scattered locations in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed ground at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California; scattered locations in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed ground at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Biennial
Rhamnus alnifolia – alder-leaf buckthorn
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; British Columbia to California, east across Canada and the northern half of the U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist ground, expecially along streams, at moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; British Columbia to California, east across Canada and the northern half of the U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist ground, expecially along streams, at moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rhamnus cathartica – common buckthorn
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Montana, east across the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas near gardens, where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Montana, east across the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas near gardens, where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Rhaponticum repens – hardheads, creeping knapweed, Russian knapweed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed dry slopes, meadows, fields, forest openings, and other disturbed, open places from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from central Asia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed dry slopes, meadows, fields, forest openings, and other disturbed, open places from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from central Asia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rheum rhabarbarum – rhubarb
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest; Alaska an Yukon Territory, Rocky Mountain states, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Open, disturbed areas, often associated with former homesteads.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-June
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest; Alaska an Yukon Territory, Rocky Mountain states, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Open, disturbed areas, often associated with former homesteads.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-June
Rhinanthus minor – little yellow rattle
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to Newfoundland, south to upper Midwest and New England; circumboreal.
Habitat: Moist meadows, forest openings, and roadsides at low to middle elevations, sometimes in subalpine.
Origin: Native and introduced subspecies
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to Newfoundland, south to upper Midwest and New England; circumboreal.
Habitat: Moist meadows, forest openings, and roadsides at low to middle elevations, sometimes in subalpine.
Origin: Native and introduced subspecies
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rhodiola integrifolia – king's crown, midsummer-men, roseroot
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in the Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Cliffs, talus and ridges, subalpine to alpine, generally where moist in early summer.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in the Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Cliffs, talus and ridges, subalpine to alpine, generally where moist in early summer.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. integrifolia – king's crown, roseroot
Rhododendron albiflorum – white rhododendron
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist, usually forested, slopes, middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist, usually forested, slopes, middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rhododendron columbianum – mountain Labrador-tea, smooth Labrador-tea, western Labrador-tea
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to California,
Habitat: Swamps and bogs at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to California,
Habitat: Swamps and bogs at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rhododendron groenlandicum – bog Labrador-tea, rusty Labrador-tea
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon and Idaho, east across Canada and the Great Lakes region to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Swamps and bogs at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon and Idaho, east across Canada and the Great Lakes region to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Swamps and bogs at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rhododendron macrophyllum – California rhododendron, Pacific rhododendron
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist woods, sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist woods, sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rhododendron menziesii – false azalea, fool's huckleberry, rusty menziesia
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Forest understory and edges from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Forest understory and edges from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rhododendron neoglandulosum – western Labrador tea
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Montane to alpine bogs, lakes, ponds, and seasonally moist slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Montane to alpine bogs, lakes, ponds, and seasonally moist slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rhus glabra – smooth sumac
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Mexico, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry hillsides and draws, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Mexico, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry hillsides and draws, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rhus typhina – staghorn sumac
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations in Washington; occurring in scattered states in western North America; native from central U.S. east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas; escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations in Washington; occurring in scattered states in western North America; native from central U.S. east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas; escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rhynchospora alba – white beakrush
Distribution: Alaska to California, east to Idaho, and throughout northeastern United states.
Habitat: Sphagnum bogs and other wet places, lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Alaska to California, east to Idaho, and throughout northeastern United states.
Habitat: Sphagnum bogs and other wet places, lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ribes acerifolium – maple-leaf currant
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Stream banks, meadowland thickets, open ridges and rock slides, from middle elevations in the mountains to timberline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Stream banks, meadowland thickets, open ridges and rock slides, from middle elevations in the mountains to timberline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ribes aureum – golden currant
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert where seasonally moist to ponderosa pine forest openings at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert where seasonally moist to ponderosa pine forest openings at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. aureum – golden currant
Ribes bracteosum – California black currant, stink currant
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Moist to wet woods, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Moist to wet woods, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ribes cereum – wax currant
Distribution: Widespread east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe and sagebrush desert to sub-alpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widespread east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe and sagebrush desert to sub-alpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. cereum – wax currant
• var. colubrinum – wax currant
Ribes divaricatum – coast black gooseberry, straggly gooseberry
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and along the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist hillsides, prairies and open woods at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and along the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist hillsides, prairies and open woods at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. divaricatum – coast black gooseberry
Ribes hudsonianum – Hudson Bay currant, northern black currant, western black currant
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Canadian Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Stream banks, moist woods and meadow margins at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Canadian Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Stream banks, moist woods and meadow margins at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ribes inerme – whitestem gooseberry
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist forest edges and openings in the mountains, riparian corridors at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist forest edges and openings in the mountains, riparian corridors at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. inerme – whitestem gooseberry
Ribes lacustre – swamp currant, bristly black gooseberry, swamp gooseberry
Distribution: Occurring in forested and mountainous areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist forests and stream banks to forestd slopes and subalpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in forested and mountainous areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist forests and stream banks to forestd slopes and subalpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ribes laxiflorum – trailing black currant
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Coastal woodlands to montane slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Coastal woodlands to montane slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ribes lobbii – gummy gooseberry, Lobb's gooseberry, Oregon gooseberry
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Lowland valleys to open forests at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Lowland valleys to open forests at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ribes montigenum – alpine prickly currant, mountain gooseberry, western prickly gooseberry
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine ridges, talus slopes and rock crevices.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine ridges, talus slopes and rock crevices.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ribes nigrum – cultivated black currant
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; eastern Washington to adjacent Oregon and Idaho; more common in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas, where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; eastern Washington to adjacent Oregon and Idaho; more common in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas, where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ribes niveum – Snake River gooseberry, snow gooseberry
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to Oregon and Nevada, east to Idaho and Colorado.
Habitat: Usually in thickets along streams, but somedtimes on open hllsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to Oregon and Nevada, east to Idaho and Colorado.
Habitat: Usually in thickets along streams, but somedtimes on open hllsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ribes oxyacanthoides – Canada gooseberry
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Atlantic Coast in the northern half of North America.
Habitat: Prairies and lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Atlantic Coast in the northern half of North America.
Habitat: Prairies and lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. cognatum – northern gooseberry, umatilla gooseberry, Umatilla gooseberry
• var. irriguum – Idaho gooseberry
Ribes rubrum – northern red currant
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in the eastern counties of Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming, also from the Great Lakes region east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Thickets, roadsides, forest edge, and other disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in the eastern counties of Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming, also from the Great Lakes region east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Thickets, roadsides, forest edge, and other disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ribes sanguineum – blood currant, red currant, red flowering currant
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open to wooded, moist to dry valleys and lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: February-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open to wooded, moist to dry valleys and lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: February-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. sanguineum – blood currant, red currant, red flowering currant
Ribes triste – American red currant, swamp red currant, wild red currant
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Moist woods and rocky slopes at middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Moist woods and rocky slopes at middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ribes velutinum – desert gooseberry, Goodding's gooseberry
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Utah, and Arizona.
Habitat: Open areas in sagebrush-steppe and Ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Utah, and Arizona.
Habitat: Open areas in sagebrush-steppe and Ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ribes viscosissimum – Hall's sticky currant, mountain currant
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open to forested, moist to fairly dry slopes, from middle to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open to forested, moist to fairly dry slopes, from middle to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ribes watsonianum – Mount Adams gooseberry, spring gooseberry, wastson gooseberry
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Forest openings in canyons and on ridges, mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Forest openings in canyons and on ridges, mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ribes wolfii – Winaha currant, Wolf's currant
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to adjacent Oregon and Idaho, south and east to the southern Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist forests and meadows, montane to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to adjacent Oregon and Idaho, south and east to the southern Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist forests and meadows, montane to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rigiopappus leptocladus – bristlehead, false wireweed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low elevations; sagebrush and grasslands area
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low elevations; sagebrush and grasslands area
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Robinia hispida – bristly locust
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest; introduced from British Columbia to California, native from the Great Plains to eastern North America.
Habitat: Forest edge, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest; introduced from British Columbia to California, native from the Great Plains to eastern North America.
Habitat: Forest edge, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Robinia pseudoacacia – black locust
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; introduced from Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, native from the Great Plains to eastern North America.
Habitat: Stream and river banks, forest edge, wastelots, abandoned homesteads, and disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; introduced from Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, native from the Great Plains to eastern North America.
Habitat: Stream and river banks, forest edge, wastelots, abandoned homesteads, and disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Romanzoffia sitchensis – Sitka mistmaiden
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northern California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Wet cliffs and ledges, usually at middle to high elevations in the mountains, but descending to near sea level in the Columbia River Gorge.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northern California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Wet cliffs and ledges, usually at middle to high elevations in the mountains, but descending to near sea level in the Columbia River Gorge.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Romanzoffia tracyi – Tracy's mistmaiden
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs and rocks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs and rocks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rorippa austriaca – Austrian yellowcress field-cress
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, eastward in scattered locations to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, eastward in scattered locations to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rorippa columbiae – Columbia yellowcress cress
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Stream banks and gravel bars, pond margins, meadows, and roadsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Stream banks and gravel bars, pond margins, meadows, and roadsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rorippa curvipes – blunt-leaved yellowcress, truncate yellowcress
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Wet areas including streambanks, lake shores, wet meadows, and ditches.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Wet areas including streambanks, lake shores, wet meadows, and ditches.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Rorippa curvisiliqua – western yellowcress
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Stream banks, pond edges, and seasonally wet soils, low to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Stream banks, pond edges, and seasonally wet soils, low to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Rorippa palustris – bog yellowcress, marsh yellowcress
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Marshes, shorelines, and other wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Marshes, shorelines, and other wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
• ssp. hispida – hipsid bog yellowcress
• ssp. palustris – bog yellowcress
Rorippa sinuata – spreading yellowcress
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to central North America.
Habitat: Wet areas including pond and lake margins, stream banks, and ditches.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to central North America.
Habitat: Wet areas including pond and lake margins, stream banks, and ditches.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rorippa sphaerocarpa – roundfruit yellowcress
Distribution: Occurring in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; otherwise southwestern Idaho to California, east to Wyoming and Texas.
Habitat: Pond shores, river shorelines, and stream banks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; otherwise southwestern Idaho to California, east to Wyoming and Texas.
Habitat: Pond shores, river shorelines, and stream banks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rorippa sylvestris – creeping yellowcress
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed, moist areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed, moist areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rorippa tenerrima – Modoc yellowcress
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the central U.S.
Habitat: Lakeshores and other wet areas, lowland to montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the central U.S.
Habitat: Lakeshores and other wet areas, lowland to montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Rosa canina – dog rose
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Utah, and Arizona; also from Great Plains east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, thickets, forest edge, and other distrubed areas..
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Utah, and Arizona; also from Great Plains east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, thickets, forest edge, and other distrubed areas..
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rosa gymnocarpa – bald-hip rose
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, though more common west of the crest; British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Dry to moist woods, forest edge, and thickets, from sea level to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, though more common west of the crest; British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Dry to moist woods, forest edge, and thickets, from sea level to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rosa multiflora – multiflora rose, rambler rose
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washinton; British Columbia to California; east to the southern Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and eastern North America where widespread.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, highway and utility right of ways, forest edge, and other often moist, disturbed areas where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washinton; British Columbia to California; east to the southern Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and eastern North America where widespread.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, highway and utility right of ways, forest edge, and other often moist, disturbed areas where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rosa nutkana – Nootka rose
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, shores, forest edges, riparian zones, rocky slopes from low elevations to the montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, shores, forest edges, riparian zones, rocky slopes from low elevations to the montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. macdougalii – bristly Nootka rose
• ssp. nutkana – Nootka rose
Rosa pisocarpa – clustered rose, peafruit rose
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Thickets, stream banks, and swampy places at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Thickets, stream banks, and swampy places at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rosa rubiginosa – sweetbrier rose, small-flowered sweetbrier
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, though more common west of the crest; southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado, further east from the Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, thickets, shorelines, pastures, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, though more common west of the crest; southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado, further east from the Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, thickets, shorelines, pastures, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rosa rugosa – rugosa rose
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in coastal marine habitats; Alaska to Oregon; also in the north-central and northeastern areas of North America.
Habitat: Edge of saltwater beaches, roadsides, forest edge, fields, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in coastal marine habitats; Alaska to Oregon; also in the north-central and northeastern areas of North America.
Habitat: Edge of saltwater beaches, roadsides, forest edge, fields, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rosa woodsii – pearhip rose
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Valleys and hillsides at low elevations to forest openings at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Valleys and hillsides at low elevations to forest openings at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rotala ramosior – lowland toothcup
Distribution: Occurrng east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most the the U.S., and in Ontario, to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet places and muddy shores.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurrng east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most the the U.S., and in Ontario, to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet places and muddy shores.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Rubus allegheniensis – Allegheny blackberry, common blackberry
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Washington and California (but apparently not Oregon), east to Idaho; also from the central Great Plains to eastern North America.
Habitat: Damp thickets, peatlands, and forest openings.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Washington and California (but apparently not Oregon), east to Idaho; also from the central Great Plains to eastern North America.
Habitat: Damp thickets, peatlands, and forest openings.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus arcticus – nagoonberry
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, and east across Canada to the Great Lakes Region and the northern Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Montane meadows, bogs, and woodlands to alpine tundra.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, and east across Canada to the Great Lakes Region and the northern Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Montane meadows, bogs, and woodlands to alpine tundra.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus bifrons – Himalayan blackberry
Distribution: Occurrng on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, southern Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, riparian zones, and forest edges at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurrng on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, southern Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, riparian zones, and forest edges at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus idaeus – red raspberry
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet or dry woodland to open and often rocky mountain slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet or dry woodland to open and often rocky mountain slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. idaeus – red raspberry
• ssp. strigosus – grayleaf red raspberry
Rubus laciniatus – cut-leaf blackberry, evergreen blackberry
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Roadsides, forest understory and edge, thickets, and other disturbed areas, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Roadsides, forest understory and edge, thickets, and other disturbed areas, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus lasiococcus – roughfruit berry, dwarf bramble, hairy-fruit smooth dewberry
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist to dry woods, lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist to dry woods, lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus leucodermis – blackcap raspberry, dark raspberry, whitebark raspberry
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to southern California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, forest edge and openings, fields, and hillsides from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to southern California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, forest edge and openings, fields, and hillsides from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus nigerrimus – dark raspberry, northwest raspberry
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic along the Snake River in Whitman County, Washington;
Habitat: Moist hillsides, usually along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic along the Snake River in Whitman County, Washington;
Habitat: Moist hillsides, usually along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus nivalis – snow dwarf bramble, snow dewberry
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to southwest Oregon, also in west-central Idaho.
Habitat: Open to deeply shaded, usually moist areas in the mountains at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to southwest Oregon, also in west-central Idaho.
Habitat: Open to deeply shaded, usually moist areas in the mountains at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus parviflorus – thimbleberry
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, the Rocky Mountains, and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Forest openings and edge, thickets, meadows, and riparian corridors from sea level to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, the Rocky Mountains, and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Forest openings and edge, thickets, meadows, and riparian corridors from sea level to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus pedatus – strawberry bramble, strawberry-leaf raspberry
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist areas, open banks to dense forests, near sea level to timberline
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist areas, open banks to dense forests, near sea level to timberline
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus pensilvanicus – Pennsylvania blackberry
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California also occurring in western Idaho; otherwise in central and eastern North America, where native.
Habitat: Damp slopes, dry forests, and thickets.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California also occurring in western Idaho; otherwise in central and eastern North America, where native.
Habitat: Damp slopes, dry forests, and thickets.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus pubescens – dwarf red blackberry, dwarf red blackberry raspberry, red raspberry
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Stream banks and moist woods to clearings where moderately dry, middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Stream banks and moist woods to clearings where moderately dry, middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus spectabilis – salmonberry
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, disjunct in northern Idaho.
Habitat: Lowland moist woods and swamps to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, disjunct in northern Idaho.
Habitat: Lowland moist woods and swamps to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus ulmifolius – elm-leaf blackberry
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California and Nevada; also in New Jersey.
Habitat: Fields, thickets, forest edge, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced Europe and northern Africa
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California and Nevada; also in New Jersey.
Habitat: Fields, thickets, forest edge, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced Europe and northern Africa
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus ursinus – Pacific blackberry, trailing blackberry, dewberry, Douglasberry
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Open to fairly dense woodlands, thickets, and balds, sea level to middle elevations in the mountains; common in logged areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Open to fairly dense woodlands, thickets, and balds, sea level to middle elevations in the mountains; common in logged areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rubus vestitus – European blackberry
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, also reported from Idaho.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, also reported from Idaho.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rudbeckia alpicola – showy black-eyed Susan, Washington showy black-eyed Susan, Wenatchee Mountain showy black-eyed Susan
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, bogs, and along streams in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, bogs, and along streams in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rudbeckia hirta – black-eyed Susan
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest; British Columbia to California, east across much of the North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open meadows and disturbed places.
Origin: Introduced from further east in North America
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest; British Columbia to California, east across much of the North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open meadows and disturbed places.
Origin: Introduced from further east in North America
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
• var. pulcherrima – black-eyed Susan
Rudbeckia laciniata – green-headed black-eyed Susan, tall black-eyed Susan
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, otherwise Rocky Mountains east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Streambanks and other moist, disturbed places.
Origin: Introduced from further east in North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, otherwise Rocky Mountains east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Streambanks and other moist, disturbed places.
Origin: Introduced from further east in North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. ampla – tall black-eyed Susan
Rudbeckia occidentalis – western black-eyed Susan, western chocolate black-eyed Susan
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist meadows and forest openings at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist meadows and forest openings at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rumex acetosa – alpine sorrel, common sorrel, garden sorrel, Lapland sorrel
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed sites at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed sites at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rumex acetosella – common sheep sorrel
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Balds, prairies, meadows, pastures, fields, roadsides, wastelots, lawns and other disturbed open areas from the lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Balds, prairies, meadows, pastures, fields, roadsides, wastelots, lawns and other disturbed open areas from the lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rumex conglomeratus – clustered dock, sharp dock
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Nevada and Arizona; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: A weed of waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Nevada and Arizona; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: A weed of waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rumex crassus – fleshy willow dock
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the outer coast in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Coastal dunes, sandy shores, and marshes
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the outer coast in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Coastal dunes, sandy shores, and marshes
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rumex crispus – curly dock, sour dock
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Meadows, fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Meadows, fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Rumex dentatus – toothed dock
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east across North America in scattered locations to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Ditches, shores, and ballast.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east across North America in scattered locations to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Ditches, shores, and ballast.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Rumex maritimus – golden dock
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to eastern North America except for southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Shores, wetlands, and disturbed ground.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to eastern North America except for southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Shores, wetlands, and disturbed ground.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
• ssp. fueginus – American golden dock, Tierra del Fuego dock
Rumex obtusifolius – bitter dock
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist roadsides and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced from Euraisa
Flowers: March-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist roadsides and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced from Euraisa
Flowers: March-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rumex occidentalis – western dock
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Moist to swampy areas and wet meadows, from the sea coast to foothill valleys.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Moist to swampy areas and wet meadows, from the sea coast to foothill valleys.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. occidentalis – western dock
Rumex patientia – patience dock
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides and other disturbed, open ground
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides and other disturbed, open ground
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rumex paucifolius – alpine sheep sorrel, alpine sorrel, mountain sorrel
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist grasslands, stream banks, and montane to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June -August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist grasslands, stream banks, and montane to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June -August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rumex persicarioides – seashore dock, yellow dock
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Beaches, shores, and slightly saline marshes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Beaches, shores, and slightly saline marshes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rumex salicifolius – willow dock
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast
Habitat: Streambanks, moist meadows, beaches, alkaline shores, roadsides, and other open places from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast
Habitat: Streambanks, moist meadows, beaches, alkaline shores, roadsides, and other open places from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. angustivalvis – western willow dock
• var. transitorius – narrow-leaved dock, Pacific willow dock
• var. triangulivalvis – triangular-valved dock, white willow dock
Rumex sanguineus – red-vein dock
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Oregon, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: sSream banks, disturbed ground, shores, and marshes.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Oregon, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: sSream banks, disturbed ground, shores, and marshes.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rumex stenophyllus – narrow-leaved dock, narrowleaf dock
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming, scattered eastward to the eastern U.S.
Habitat: Dune swales, marshes, shores, fens, and ditches.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming, scattered eastward to the eastern U.S.
Habitat: Dune swales, marshes, shores, fens, and ditches.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rumex venosus – veiny dock, winged dock
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alberta to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains.
Habitat: Sand dunes and sandy river banks to dry, gravelly soil, sagebrush deserts and grasslands at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alberta to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains.
Habitat: Sand dunes and sandy river banks to dry, gravelly soil, sagebrush deserts and grasslands at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rupertia physodes – forest scurf-pea, California tea
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, disjunct in northeastern Oregon and adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Prairie and forest edges at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, disjunct in northeastern Oregon and adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Prairie and forest edges at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ruppia maritima – beaked ditch-grass, spiral ditch-grass, western ditch-grass
Distribution: Occurring along the coast and east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where saline; Alaska to California, inland throughout Canada and the United States to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Coastal in saline or brackish water, inland in ponds, ditches, and lakes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring along the coast and east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where saline; Alaska to California, inland throughout Canada and the United States to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Coastal in saline or brackish water, inland in ponds, ditches, and lakes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Growth Duration: Perennial
