Vascular Plants
Includes all flowering plants, conifers, ferns and fern-allies.
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Scientific names beginning with H:
52 genera
115 species, 41 subspecies and varieties
115 species, 41 subspecies and varieties
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Index to genera:
Hackelia, Halerpestes, Halogeton, Harrimanella, Hedera, Hedysarum, Helenium, Helianthella, Helianthus, Heliotropium, Helleborus, Hemerocallis, Hemieva, Hemitomes, Hemizonella, Heracleum, Herniaria, Hesperis, Hesperochiron, Hesperostipa, Heteranthera, Heterocodon, Heterotheca, Heuchera, Hibiscus, Hieracium, Hierochloe, Hippuris, Hirschfeldia, Holcus, Holodiscus, Holosteum, Honckenya, Hordeum, Horkelia, Hornungia, Hosackia, Howellia, Hulsea, Humulus, Huperzia, Hyacinthoides, Hydrilla, Hydrocharis, Hydrocotyle, Hydrophyllum, Hymenopappus, Hymenophyllum, Hyoscyamus, Hypericum, Hypochaeris, HyssopusHackelia americana – nodding stickseed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central and northeastern Washington; circumboreal, south to northern Washington, east across northern Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Thickets and open woodland.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central and northeastern Washington; circumboreal, south to northern Washington, east across northern Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Thickets and open woodland.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Hackelia ciliata – Okanogan stickseed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; south-central British Columbia to eastern Washington, possibly northwestern Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open slopes and flats in areas with sagebrush or ponderosa pine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; south-central British Columbia to eastern Washington, possibly northwestern Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open slopes and flats in areas with sagebrush or ponderosa pine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hackelia cinerea – gray stickseed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central and eastern Washington; central Washington to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open or lightly forested areas, especially on talus or cliffs, and loose stream banks, in valleys and foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central and eastern Washington; central Washington to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open or lightly forested areas, especially on talus or cliffs, and loose stream banks, in valleys and foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hackelia diffusa – diffuse stickseed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Cliffs and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Cliffs and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. arida – sagebrush stickseed, steppe stickseed
• var. cottonii – Cotton's stickseed
• var. diffusa – diffuse stickseed
Hackelia floribunda – many-flowered stickseed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, meadows, stream banks and other moist places, from low elevations to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, meadows, stream banks and other moist places, from low elevations to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Hackelia hispida – hispid stickseed, rough stickseed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central and southeastern Washington; central Washington, and southeastern Washington, northeastern Oregon, and adjacent western Idaho.
Habitat: Cliffs and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central and southeastern Washington; central Washington, and southeastern Washington, northeastern Oregon, and adjacent western Idaho.
Habitat: Cliffs and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. disjuncta – sagebrush stickseed
• var. hispida – rough stickseed
Hackelia micrantha – meadow forget-me-not, blue stickseed
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist, open hillsides seasonally wet forest openings, and riparian corridors from montane to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist, open hillsides seasonally wet forest openings, and riparian corridors from montane to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hackelia taylorii – Taylor's stickseed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Chelan County.
Habitat: Dry, open slopes, often in talus, at middle to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Chelan County.
Habitat: Dry, open slopes, often in talus, at middle to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hackelia venusta – lesser showy stickseed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Chelan County.
Habitat: Rocky slopes with ponderosa pine, at about 1000 feet elevation.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Chelan County.
Habitat: Rocky slopes with ponderosa pine, at about 1000 feet elevation.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Halerpestes cymbalaria – alkali buttercup, seaside buttercup
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains, Great Lakes, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Ditches, marshes and muddy meadowlands, often where saline or alkaline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains, Great Lakes, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Ditches, marshes and muddy meadowlands, often where saline or alkaline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Halogeton glomeratus – halogeton, saltlover
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other distrubed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other distrubed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Harrimanella stelleriana – Alaska bell-heather, Alaska bellheather, alpine heather, Alaskan moss-heather, Alaskan mountain-heather
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Rocky slopes and seeps, alpine to subalpine
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Rocky slopes and seeps, alpine to subalpine
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hedera helix – common ivy, English ivy
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, widespread elsewhere in North America.
Habitat: Wooded areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, widespread elsewhere in North America.
Habitat: Wooded areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hedera hibernica – Atlantic ivy
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, east in the Columbia River Gorge.
Habitat: Lowland forest, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, east in the Columbia River Gorge.
Habitat: Lowland forest, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hedysarum occidentale – western sweet-vetch
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, Idaho and Utah, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Alpine and subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, Idaho and Utah, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Alpine and subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. occidentale – western sweet-vetch
Hedysarum sulphurescens – yellow sweet-vetch
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central and northeastern Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming, also reported from northeastern Oregon.
Habitat: Open forested areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central and northeastern Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming, also reported from northeastern Oregon.
Habitat: Open forested areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Helenium autumnale – common sneezeweed, large flowered sneezeweed
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Stream banks and other moist, low ground generally at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Stream banks and other moist, low ground generally at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Helianthella uniflora – Rocky Mountain helianthella
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry, open woods and meadows from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry, open woods and meadows from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. douglasii – Douglas helianthella, false sunflower
Helianthus annuus – common sunflower
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other open areas, often where disturbed, at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native and introduced populations in Washington
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other open areas, often where disturbed, at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native and introduced populations in Washington
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Helianthus ciliaris – blueweed
Distribution: Known historically from east of the Cascades crest in Yakima County, where presumably eliminated by herbicide treatment due to it being a noxious weed; California, east across the southwestern U.S. to the southern Great Plains and Illinois.
Habitat: Disturbed, open ground in sagebrush.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Known historically from east of the Cascades crest in Yakima County, where presumably eliminated by herbicide treatment due to it being a noxious weed; California, east across the southwestern U.S. to the southern Great Plains and Illinois.
Habitat: Disturbed, open ground in sagebrush.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Helianthus cusickii – Cusick's sunflower, turniproot sunflower
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush, grasslands, dry slopes, and other open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush, grasslands, dry slopes, and other open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Helianthus nuttallii – Nuttall's sunflower
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades: Western and Mid-western United States and adjacent Canada
Habitat: Meadows and other moist places, low to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades: Western and Mid-western United States and adjacent Canada
Habitat: Meadows and other moist places, low to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. nuttallii – cordilleran sunflower, Nuttall's sunflower
Helianthus petiolaris – prairie sunflower
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry, open areas, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from the Great Plains
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry, open areas, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from the Great Plains
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
• ssp. petiolaris – prairie sunflower
Helianthus tuberosus – Jerusalem artichoke
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; .Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, native from the Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed areas, where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; .Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, native from the Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed areas, where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Heliotropium curassavicum – salt heliotrope, seaside heliotrope
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Saline places at low evelevations, often in the beds of dried ponds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Saline places at low evelevations, often in the beds of dried ponds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
• var. obovatum – salt heliotrope
Helleborus foetidus – stinking hellebore
Distribution: Currently only known from lowland western Washington.
Habitat: Disturbed sites near urban or suburban areas, where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: February-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Currently only known from lowland western Washington.
Habitat: Disturbed sites near urban or suburban areas, where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: February-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hemieva ranunculifolia – buttercup-leaf mock brookfoam
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern California, east to Alberta and Montana.
Habitat: Foothills to subalpine slopes, on wet, mossy rocks, often where dry by mid-summer.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern California, east to Alberta and Montana.
Habitat: Foothills to subalpine slopes, on wet, mossy rocks, often where dry by mid-summer.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hemitomes congestum – coneplant, gnome-plant
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Rich humus in damp coniferous forests at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Rich humus in damp coniferous forests at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hemizonella minima – smallhead tarplant, least tarweed, small-head tarweed, smallhead tarweed
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas in sagebrush, grasslands, and ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas in sagebrush, grasslands, and ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Heracleum mantegazzianum – giant hogweed
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the Puget Trough lowlands in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Oregon, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas often associated with residential development; Class A noxious weed.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the Puget Trough lowlands in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Oregon, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas often associated with residential development; Class A noxious weed.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Heracleum maximum – American cow-parsnip, American hogweed
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America except in the southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Moist areas, including meadows and forest edge from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America except in the southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Moist areas, including meadows and forest edge from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Herniaria hirsuta – hairy rupturewort
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California and Arizona, also in scattered locations in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed sandy flats, roadsides, and woodlands at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California and Arizona, also in scattered locations in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed sandy flats, roadsides, and woodlands at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
• var. cinerea – hairy rupturewort
Hesperis matronalis – mother-of-the-evening, dame's rocket
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, disturbed forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, disturbed forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Hesperochiron californicus – California hesperochiron, California monkey-fiddle
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to western Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Mostly in more or less alkaline meadows and flats, in plains, foothills and valleys.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to western Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Mostly in more or less alkaline meadows and flats, in plains, foothills and valleys.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hesperochiron pumilus – small hesperochiron, small monkey-fiddle
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascade crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Meadows and moist, open slopes from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascade crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Meadows and moist, open slopes from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hesperostipa comata – needle-and-thread
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Great Plains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Plains and prairies to forested areas in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Great Plains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Plains and prairies to forested areas in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. comata – needle and thread
Heteranthera dubia – grassleaf mud-plantain, water stargrass, yellow stargrass
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest along major rivers in Washington, however particularly common and rather invasives in lower Yakima River; British Columbia to California, widespread in eastern North America.
Habitat: River backwaters, slow-moving rivers, quiet streams, ponds and lakes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest along major rivers in Washington, however particularly common and rather invasives in lower Yakima River; British Columbia to California, widespread in eastern North America.
Habitat: River backwaters, slow-moving rivers, quiet streams, ponds and lakes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Heterocodon rariflorus – western pearlflower
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Moist, open places in the foothills and valleys to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Moist, open places in the foothills and valleys to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Heterotheca oregona – Oregon goldenaster
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Sand and gravel bars along rivers, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-Sept.
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Sand and gravel bars along rivers, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-Sept.
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. oregona – Oregon goldenaster
Heterotheca villosa – hairy goldaster
Distribution: Widespread in Washington and Oregon, chiefly east of the Cascades; east to Michigan
Habitat: Open, sunny areas, often in sandy soil, low to moderate elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widespread in Washington and Oregon, chiefly east of the Cascades; east to Michigan
Habitat: Open, sunny areas, often in sandy soil, low to moderate elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. foliosa – leafy goldenaster
• var. minor – hairy goldenaster, hispid goldenaster
• var. villosa – hairy goldaster, hairy goldenaster
Heuchera chlorantha – green-flowered alumroot, meadow alumroot, tall alumroot
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Gravelly prairies and wooded hillsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Gravelly prairies and wooded hillsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Heuchera cylindrica – lava alumroot, poker alumroot, roundleaf alumroot
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Wyoming, and Nevada.
Habitat: Rocky soil, cliffs and talus slopes, foothills to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Wyoming, and Nevada.
Habitat: Rocky soil, cliffs and talus slopes, foothills to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Heuchera glabra – alpine alumroot, smooth alumroot
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist rocks, from the coast to above timberline
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist rocks, from the coast to above timberline
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Heuchera grossulariifolia – gooseberry-leaved alumroot
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Columbia River Gorge in south-central Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho and western Montana.
Habitat: Grassy canyons and rocky canyon walls to alpine scree and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Columbia River Gorge in south-central Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho and western Montana.
Habitat: Grassy canyons and rocky canyon walls to alpine scree and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. grossulariifolia – gooseberry-leaved alumroot
• var. tenuifolia – gooseberry-leaved alumroot
Heuchera micrantha – crevice alumroot, small-flowered alumroot
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Gravelly stream banks, rock crevices and talus slopes, sea level to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Gravelly stream banks, rock crevices and talus slopes, sea level to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. diversifolia – small-flowered alumroot
• var. hartwegii – Hartweg's small-flowered alumroot
• var. micrantha – small-flowered alumroot
Hieracium albiflorum – white hawkweed, white-flowered hawkweed
Distribution: Widely distributed in forested areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Open woods from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed in forested areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Open woods from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hieracium aurantiacum – orange hawkweed
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across southern Canada and northern U.S; widely distributed throughout eastern U.S.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, meadows, pastures, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across southern Canada and northern U.S; widely distributed throughout eastern U.S.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, meadows, pastures, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hieracium caespitosum – meadow hawkweed, yellow king devil
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming; also occurring throughout eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist pastures, forest openings, roadsides, and springs, from the lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains, usually where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming; also occurring throughout eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist pastures, forest openings, roadsides, and springs, from the lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains, usually where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hieracium flagellare – whip hawkweed
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Idaho; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, dry meadows, railroads, and other disturbed, open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Idaho; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, dry meadows, railroads, and other disturbed, open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hieracium ×floribundum – flowery hawkweed
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations in lowland western Washington; Washington east to Montana and Wyoming; eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations in lowland western Washington; Washington east to Montana and Wyoming; eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hieracium glomeratum – yellow devil hawkweed
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington.
Habitat: Open forest, meadows, disturbed ground, roadsides, stream banks, and gravel pits generally at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington.
Habitat: Open forest, meadows, disturbed ground, roadsides, stream banks, and gravel pits generally at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hieracium lachenalii – common hawkweed, English hawkweed, European hawkweed
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern Oregon; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Open forest, fields, shores, wastelots, and other disturbed areas generally at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern Oregon; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Open forest, fields, shores, wastelots, and other disturbed areas generally at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hieracium longiberbe – long-bearded hawkweed
Distribution: Occurring in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to adjacent north-central Oregon; endemic to the Columbia River Gorge.
Habitat: Dry rocky slopes and ledges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to adjacent north-central Oregon; endemic to the Columbia River Gorge.
Habitat: Dry rocky slopes and ledges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hieracium maculatum – mottled hawkweed
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; southwestern British Columbia to western Washington.
Habitat: Lawns, railroads, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; southwestern British Columbia to western Washington.
Habitat: Lawns, railroads, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Hieracium murorum – wall hawkweed
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to northern Oregon.
Habitat: Roadsides, open forest, railroads, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to northern Oregon.
Habitat: Roadsides, open forest, railroads, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hieracium pilosella – mouse-ear hawkweed
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon; also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, dry prairies, quarries, lawns, railroads, and other disturbed, open sites.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon; also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, dry prairies, quarries, lawns, railroads, and other disturbed, open sites.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hieracium piloselloides – tall hawkweed
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northeastern Oregon.
Habitat: Roadsides, meadows, forest openings, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northeastern Oregon.
Habitat: Roadsides, meadows, forest openings, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hieracium sabaudum – savoy hawkweed
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Washington; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, sandy fields, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Washington; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, sandy fields, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hieracium scouleri – hound-tongue hawkweed, Scouler's hawkweed
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Mostly dry places in open woods, from foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Mostly dry places in open woods, from foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hieracium ×stoloniflorum – forked hawkweed
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; no other reports from North America.
Habitat: Lawns, roadsides, ditches, and other disturbed areas, where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; no other reports from North America.
Habitat: Lawns, roadsides, ditches, and other disturbed areas, where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hieracium triste – alpine hawkweed, slender hawkweed
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains of Canada and the U.S.
Habitat: Meadows and other open places in the mountains, usually at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains of Canada and the U.S.
Habitat: Meadows and other open places in the mountains, usually at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hieracium umbellatum – narrowleaf hawkweed, umbellate hawkweed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Alaska to northwestern Oregon, east across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Moist places in thickets and open woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Alaska to northwestern Oregon, east across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Moist places in thickets and open woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hierochloe occidentalis – California sweetgrass
Distribution: Occurring along Cascades crest in Washington in south-central Washington; south-central Washington to California.
Habitat: moist to dry for and second growth
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring along Cascades crest in Washington in south-central Washington; south-central Washington to California.
Habitat: moist to dry for and second growth
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hierochloe odorata – hairy sweetgrass, vanillagrass
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet meadows and marshes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet meadows and marshes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hippuris montana – mountain mare's-tail
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to Northwest Territories and Alberta.
Habitat: Wet meadows, streams and mossy banks in the moungtains
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to Northwest Territories and Alberta.
Habitat: Wet meadows, streams and mossy banks in the moungtains
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hippuris vulgaris – common mare's-tail
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountain, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Streams, ponds and shallow lakes, generally at least partially emerged.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountain, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Streams, ponds and shallow lakes, generally at least partially emerged.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hirschfeldia incana – Mediterranean hoary mustard, short-podded mustard, summer mustard
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-October
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-October
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Holcus lanatus – common velvet-grass
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Balds, prairies, roadsides, meadows, lawns, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Balds, prairies, roadsides, meadows, lawns, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Holcus mollis – creeping softgrass, creeping velvet-grass
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Lawns and damp areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Lawns and damp areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. mollis – creeping velvet-grass
Holodiscus discolor – creambush ocean-spray, hillside ocean-spray
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Texas.
Habitat: Gravelly soil in open, dry to moist woods, coastal bluffs to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Texas.
Habitat: Gravelly soil in open, dry to moist woods, coastal bluffs to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. discolor – ocean-spray
Holosteum umbellatum – jagged-chickweed
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas in sagebrush desert, roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas in sagebrush desert, roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Annual
• ssp. umbellatum – jagged chickweed
Honckenya peploides – sea purslane, seabeach sandwort
Distribution: Occuring west of the Cascades crest in the coastal counties in Washington; Alaska to northern Oregon, east across Canada to coastal northeastern North America; Greenland and arctic Eurasia.
Habitat: Coastal beaches, strands, and sand dunes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occuring west of the Cascades crest in the coastal counties in Washington; Alaska to northern Oregon, east across Canada to coastal northeastern North America; Greenland and arctic Eurasia.
Habitat: Coastal beaches, strands, and sand dunes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. major – sea purslane, seabeach sandwort
Hordeum brachyantherum – meadow barley
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Ocean beaches to mountain meadows,usually where moist, but also from dry sagebrush desert to rocky ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Ocean beaches to mountain meadows,usually where moist, but also from dry sagebrush desert to rocky ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. brachyantherum – meadow barley
Hordeum depressum – dwarf barley
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Disturbed, often alkaline soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Disturbed, often alkaline soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Hordeum jubatum – foxtail barley
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Meadows and prairies around riverbeds and seasonal lakes, often in saline habitats, and along roadsides and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Meadows and prairies around riverbeds and seasonal lakes, often in saline habitats, and along roadsides and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. jubatum – foxtail barley
Hordeum marinum – Mediterranean barley
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Roads, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Roads, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
• ssp. gussoneanum – Mediterranean barley
Hordeum murinum – mouse barley, smooth barley, wall barley
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, meadows, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, meadows, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
• ssp. glaucum – mouse barley
• ssp. leporinum – mouse barley
• ssp. murinum – mouse barley
Hordeum vulgare – barley
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Old fields, wasteland, roadsides, and other disturbed areas where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Old fields, wasteland, roadsides, and other disturbed areas where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
• ssp. vulgare – common barley
Hornungia procumbens – hutchinsia, prostrate hutchinsia, ovalpurse
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, central Canada, and Newfoundland.
Habitat: Open areas where seasonally moist.
Origin: Introduced from Europe, North Africa, and Asia
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, central Canada, and Newfoundland.
Habitat: Open areas where seasonally moist.
Origin: Introduced from Europe, North Africa, and Asia
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Hosackia crassifolia – big deervetch
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist woods and along streams, from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist woods and along streams, from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. crassifolia – big deervetch
Hosackia gracilis – seaside bird's-foot-trefoil
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: On moist soil, from near sea level to lower elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: On moist soil, from near sea level to lower elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hosackia pinnata – meadow deervetch, meadow bird's-foot-trefoil
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington, but also in far eastern Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, also in western Idaho.
Habitat: Moist areas and wetlands, lowland to montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington, but also in far eastern Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, also in western Idaho.
Habitat: Moist areas and wetlands, lowland to montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hosackia rosea – rosy bird's-foot-trefoil
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist woods and along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist woods and along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Howellia aquatilis – water Howellwort
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: In ponds and lakes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: In ponds and lakes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Hulsea nana – small alpinegold, small hulsea
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington from Mount Rainier south; central Washington to California (not in northeastern Oregon).
Habitat: Generally around volcanic mountains above timberline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington from Mount Rainier south; central Washington to California (not in northeastern Oregon).
Habitat: Generally around volcanic mountains above timberline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Humulus lupulus – hops
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; occasionally escaped from cultivation in many areas in North America.
Habitat: Fields, thickets, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; occasionally escaped from cultivation in many areas in North America.
Habitat: Fields, thickets, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. lupuloides – hops
Huperzia continentalis – alpine firmoss
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic Mountains and Cascade Range in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to Montana; also in Wyoming and Colorado, scattered across northern Canada and on Greenland.
Habitat: Subalpine and alpine meadows, heath, and rocky slopes. Usually at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic Mountains and Cascade Range in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to Montana; also in Wyoming and Colorado, scattered across northern Canada and on Greenland.
Habitat: Subalpine and alpine meadows, heath, and rocky slopes. Usually at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Huperzia miyoshiana – fir clubmoss
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northwest Oregon, east to Idaho and western Montana; also in eastern Asia.
Habitat: Moist, brushy talus slopes, edges of coniferous forests, or mossy rocks, from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northwest Oregon, east to Idaho and western Montana; also in eastern Asia.
Habitat: Moist, brushy talus slopes, edges of coniferous forests, or mossy rocks, from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Huperzia occidentalis – western clubmoss
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; coastal ranges from southeastern Alaska and southwestern Yukon to northern Oregon; also in southeastern British Columbia, northern Idaho, and northwest Montana. Not found outside North America.
Habitat: In shaded conifer forest, usually where moist such as along streams and in depressions; rooted on decaying logs, duff, or soil. Low to mid elevations.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; coastal ranges from southeastern Alaska and southwestern Yukon to northern Oregon; also in southeastern British Columbia, northern Idaho, and northwest Montana. Not found outside North America.
Habitat: In shaded conifer forest, usually where moist such as along streams and in depressions; rooted on decaying logs, duff, or soil. Low to mid elevations.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hyacinthoides ×massartiana – common bluebell, garden bluebell, hybrid bluebell
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows, fields, grassy balds, and other open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows, fields, grassy balds, and other open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hydrilla verticillata – hydrilla, water-thyme
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known only from King County; Washington, California, and in the southern and eastern U.S.
Habitat: Ponds, lakes, and slow-moving streams at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known only from King County; Washington, California, and in the southern and eastern U.S.
Habitat: Ponds, lakes, and slow-moving streams at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hydrocharis morsus-ranae – European frog-bit
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known from Snohomish County; Washington and Quebec, Canada.
Habitat: Ponds and lakes at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known from Snohomish County; Washington and Quebec, Canada.
Habitat: Ponds and lakes at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hydrocotyle ranunculoides – floating marsh-pennywort
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Marshes, ponds and wet ground.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Marshes, ponds and wet ground.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hydrophyllum capitatum – wool breeches, ballhead waterleaf
Distribution: Occurring mostly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist, open slopes and woodlands, foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring mostly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist, open slopes and woodlands, foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. capitatum – wool breeches, ballhead waterleaf
• var. thompsonii – Thompson's wool breeches, Thompson's ballhead waterleaf
Hydrophyllum fendleri – Fendler's waterleaf
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Utah.
Habitat: Thickets and moist open places, from lowlands to mid elevations in mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Utah.
Habitat: Thickets and moist open places, from lowlands to mid elevations in mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. albifrons – Fendler's waterleaf
• var. fendleri – Fendler's waterleaf
Hydrophyllum tenuipes – Pacific waterleaf
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Forest understory and edge at low elevations, often where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Forest understory and edge at low elevations, often where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hymenopappus filifolius – Columbia cut-leaf, fineleaf hymenopappus
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry, often sandy places in the foothills and plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry, often sandy places in the foothills and plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. filifolius – Columbia cutleaf
Hymenophyllum wrightii – Wright's filmy fern
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast of the Olympic Peninsula; coastal southeast Alaska to northwestern Washington.
Habitat: Gametophytes on wet rock or epiphytic on bark and decaying wood of large conifers along the coast.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast of the Olympic Peninsula; coastal southeast Alaska to northwestern Washington.
Habitat: Gametophytes on wet rock or epiphytic on bark and decaying wood of large conifers along the coast.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hyoscyamus niger – hog's bean, black henbane
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Hypericum anagalloides – tinker's penny, bog St. John's wort, creeping St. John's wort
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Baja California, east to Montana, Utah, and Nevada.
Habitat: Moist ground, from the coast to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Baja California, east to Montana, Utah, and Nevada.
Habitat: Moist ground, from the coast to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hypericum androsaemum – tutsan
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Lowland thickets, stream banks, ledges, weedy slopes, trails, and railroads.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Lowland thickets, stream banks, ledges, weedy slopes, trails, and railroads.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hypericum boreale – northern St. John's wort
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Coastal shores, damp sand, peatlands, ditches, and cranberry farms.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Coastal shores, damp sand, peatlands, ditches, and cranberry farms.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hypericum calycinum – Aaron's beard, great St. John's wort
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, cliffs, embankments, fields, parks, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Turkey and Bulgaria
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, cliffs, embankments, fields, parks, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Turkey and Bulgaria
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hypericum canadense – Canadian St. John's wort
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to southwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Coastal, shores, damp sand or peat, damp or wet disturbed ground, and cranberry farms.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to southwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Coastal, shores, damp sand or peat, damp or wet disturbed ground, and cranberry farms.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Hypericum ellipticum – pale St. John's wort
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to southwestern Washington.
Habitat: Coastal, damp sand and peat, and cranberry farms.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to southwestern Washington.
Habitat: Coastal, damp sand and peat, and cranberry farms.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hypericum maculatum – spotted St. John's wort, streaked St. John's wort
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to southwestern Washington, also in northern Idaho.
Habitat: Shores, disturbed ground, and ditches.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to southwestern Washington, also in northern Idaho.
Habitat: Shores, disturbed ground, and ditches.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. obtusiusculum – dotted John's-wort, imperforate St. John's-wort
Hypericum majus – greater Canadian St. John's wort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Peatlands, shores, damp sand, and cranberry farms.
Origin: Both native and introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Peatlands, shores, damp sand, and cranberry farms.
Origin: Both native and introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hypericum mutilum – dwarf St. John's wort
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to western Washington; also in eastern North America, where native.
Habitat: Shores, often where peaty.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to western Washington; also in eastern North America, where native.
Habitat: Shores, often where peaty.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Hypericum perforatum – common St. John's wort, Klamath weed
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Noxious weed of fields, meadows, roadsides, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas from the lowlands to near subalpine.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Noxious weed of fields, meadows, roadsides, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas from the lowlands to near subalpine.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hypericum scouleri – Norton's St. John's wort, Scouler's St. John's wort, western St. John's wort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist places from along the coast to well up in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist places from along the coast to well up in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hypericum tetrapterum – square-stalked St. John's wort
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to southwestern Washington.
Habitat: Freshwater intertidal marshes, floating logs, and damp gravel.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to southwestern Washington.
Habitat: Freshwater intertidal marshes, floating logs, and damp gravel.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hypochaeris glabra – smooth cat's-ear
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, also from Texas to the northeastern U.S.
Habitat: Roadsides, rocky balds, meadows, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low elevations, often where sandy.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, also from Texas to the northeastern U.S.
Habitat: Roadsides, rocky balds, meadows, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low elevations, often where sandy.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Hypochaeris radicata – hairy cat's-ear, rough cat's-ear
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and further east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, grassy balds, prairies, grasslands, lawns, and roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and further east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, grassy balds, prairies, grasslands, lawns, and roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
