Vascular Plants
Includes all flowering plants, conifers, ferns and fern-allies.
Browse by scientific name:
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Scientific names beginning with F:
14 genera
42 species, 20 subspecies and varieties
42 species, 20 subspecies and varieties
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Index to genera:
Fagopyrum, Fallopia, Festuca, Ficaria, Filago, Filipendula, Floerkea, Foeniculum, Fragaria, Frangula, Frasera, Fraxinus, Fritillaria, FumariaFagopyrum esculentum – garden buckwheat
Distribution: Introduced in much of the United States.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, waste areas; frequently escapes cultivation.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June - September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Introduced in much of the United States.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, waste areas; frequently escapes cultivation.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June - September
Growth Duration: Annual
Fallopia baldschuanica – Bukhara fleeceflower, Chinese fleecevine, mile-a-minute vine
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho, also in scattered locations across North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, embankments, forest edge, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from central Asia
Flowers: Aug.-Sept.
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho, also in scattered locations across North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, embankments, forest edge, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from central Asia
Flowers: Aug.-Sept.
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fallopia ×bohemica – Bohemian knotweed, hybrid knotweed
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Montana, and in scattered locations across North America.
Habitat: Riparian zones, roadsides, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas generally at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Asia
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Montana, and in scattered locations across North America.
Habitat: Riparian zones, roadsides, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas generally at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Asia
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fallopia convolvulus – black bindweed, climbing bindweed, ivy bindweed
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, wastelots, cultivated fields, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, wastelots, cultivated fields, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Fallopia japonica – Japanese knotweed
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Riparian zones, roadsides, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Asia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Riparian zones, roadsides, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Asia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. japonica – Japanese knotweed
Fallopia sachalinensis – giant knotweed
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho and Montana, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Riparian zones, roadsides, meadows, ditches, and other disturbed areas generally at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Asia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho and Montana, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Riparian zones, roadsides, meadows, ditches, and other disturbed areas generally at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Asia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Festuca brachyphylla – alpine fescue
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. brachyphylla – alpine fescue
Festuca filiformis – fine-leaf sheep fescue
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May - August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May - August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Festuca idahoensis – bluebunch fescue, Idaho fescue
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Grasslands and sagebrush desert to dry mountain slopes, occasionally to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Grasslands and sagebrush desert to dry mountain slopes, occasionally to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Festuca occidentalis – western fescue
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to southwestern Alberta and Wyoming; disjunct in the Great Lakes area.
Habitat: Forest understory, edges, and openings to rocky slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to southwestern Alberta and Wyoming; disjunct in the Great Lakes area.
Habitat: Forest understory, edges, and openings to rocky slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Festuca roemeri – Roemer's fescue
Distribution: Chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Meadows, grasslands, balds and forest openings mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Meadows, grasslands, balds and forest openings mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Festuca rubra – red fescue
Origin: Both native and introduced
Flowers: June - August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Origin: Both native and introduced
Flowers: June - August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. juncea – rock fescue
• ssp. mediana – dune red fescue
• ssp. rubra – red fescue
Festuca saximontana – Rocky Mountain fescue
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America, also in Far East Russia.
Habitat: Montane and subalpine meadows and open forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America, also in Far East Russia.
Habitat: Montane and subalpine meadows and open forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. purpusiana – Rocky Mountain fescue
Festuca subulata – bearded fescue
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late May - Early June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late May - Early June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Festuca subuliflora – crinkle-awn fescue
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Shady sites in dry to moist, lowland to montane forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Shady sites in dry to moist, lowland to montane forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Festuca viridula – green-leaf fescue
Distribution: British Colubia south to California, east to Alberta and Montana.
Habitat: Subalpine slopes, rock slides, and meadows to well above timberline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: British Colubia south to California, east to Alberta and Montana.
Habitat: Subalpine slopes, rock slides, and meadows to well above timberline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Festuca washingtonica – Washington fescue
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Southern British Columbia Washington.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Southern British Columbia Washington.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ficaria verna – lesser celandine
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas generally at low elevations, often where seasonally moist in the spring.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas generally at low elevations, often where seasonally moist in the spring.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Filago arvensis – field cottonrose, field filago
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the northern Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, and Great Lakes region
Habitat: Dry meadows, fields, roadsides, and other disturbed, open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the northern Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, and Great Lakes region
Habitat: Dry meadows, fields, roadsides, and other disturbed, open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Filago vulgaris – German filago
Distribution: Known from lowland northwestern Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, also in the eastern U.S.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Known from lowland northwestern Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, also in the eastern U.S.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Filipendula occidentalis – queen-of-the-forest
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington and adjacent northwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Damp mossy river rocks, near high water line, wet rocky slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington and adjacent northwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Damp mossy river rocks, near high water line, wet rocky slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Floerkea proserpinacoides – false mermaidweed
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east across the northern U.S. and southern Canada to the Altantic Coast.
Habitat: Along vernal streams in the foothills to wet areas at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east across the northern U.S. and southern Canada to the Altantic Coast.
Habitat: Along vernal streams in the foothills to wet areas at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Foeniculum vulgare – sweet fennel
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in lowland areas in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, meadows, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from the Mediterranean region
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in lowland areas in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, meadows, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from the Mediterranean region
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Fragaria chiloensis – beach strawberry, coastal strawberry
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the coastal counties of Washington; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Sand dunes, strand, headlands, and other open coastal habitats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the coastal counties of Washington; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Sand dunes, strand, headlands, and other open coastal habitats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. pacifica – beach strawberry, coastal strawberry
Fragaria vesca – woodland strawberry
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist woods, stream banks and sandy meadows, low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist woods, stream banks and sandy meadows, low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. californica – woodland strawberry
Fragaria virginiana – blueleaf strawberry, mountain strawberry
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington except in sagebrush areas; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open woods to gravelly meadows in the plains and lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington except in sagebrush areas; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open woods to gravelly meadows in the plains and lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. glauca – blueleaf strawberry, broadpetal strawberry, wild strawberry
Frangula purshiana – buckthorn, false buckthorn, cascara
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Forest understory and margins from low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Forest understory and margins from low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
• ssp. purshiana – buckthorn, cascara
Frasera albicaulis
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Low plains to open areas in the mountains at moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Low plains to open areas in the mountains at moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
• var. albicaulis – white-stemmed frasera
• var. columbiana – Columbia frasera
Frasera fastigiata – clustered frasera, Umpqua green-gentian
Distribution: In the Blue Mountains of Washington; Oregon, east to northeast Idaho.
Habitat: Moist woods and meadowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: In the Blue Mountains of Washington; Oregon, east to northeast Idaho.
Habitat: Moist woods and meadowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Frasera speciosa – elkweed, giant frasera, monument plant
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Slopes, forest openings, and meadows from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Slopes, forest openings, and meadows from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fraxinus latifolia – Oregon ash
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest but also east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Forest edge, thickets, prairie margins, and fields, generally where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest but also east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Forest edge, thickets, prairie margins, and fields, generally where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fraxinus pennsylvanica – green ash
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana; native to central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Riparian zones where soil is moist but not saturated.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana; native to central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Riparian zones where soil is moist but not saturated.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fritillaria affinis – checker lily, chocolate lily, rice-root lily
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, disjunct in eastern Washington and northern Idaho.
Habitat: Prairies, balds, and grassy bluffs to woodlands and coniferous forests, sea level to fairly high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, disjunct in eastern Washington and northern Idaho.
Habitat: Prairies, balds, and grassy bluffs to woodlands and coniferous forests, sea level to fairly high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fritillaria camschatcensis – black lily, Indian rice
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in northwestern Washington; Alaska to Oregon.
Habitat: Moist areas from near tide flats to mountain meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in northwestern Washington; Alaska to Oregon.
Habitat: Moist areas from near tide flats to mountain meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fritillaria pudica – yellow bells, yellow fritillary, yellow mission bells
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California and Nevada, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe to mixed coniferous forests, from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California and Nevada, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe to mixed coniferous forests, from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fumaria muralis – common fumitory, wall fumitory
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Washington.
Habitat: Forest edge, roadsides, sidewalk cracks, wastelots, and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Washington.
Habitat: Forest edge, roadsides, sidewalk cracks, wastelots, and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fumaria officinalis – common fumitory
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed soil and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed soil and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Fumaria reuteri – few-flower fumitory, Martin's fumitory
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington. currently known from Washington only.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, wastelots, sidewalk cracks, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington. currently known from Washington only.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, wastelots, sidewalk cracks, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
