Vascular Plants
Includes all flowering plants, conifers, ferns and fern-allies.
Common names beginning with G:
253 common names
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Index to common names:
gaillardia, galingale, galinsoga, garlic, gaura, gentian, geranium, germander, giant-hyssop, gilia, gily-flower, ginger, giraffehead, glacier-lily, glandweed, glasswort, glehnia, globeflower, globemallow, glyceria, gnome-plant, goat-chicory, goatgrass, goatsbeard, goblin, godetia, gold-star, goldaster, golden-banner, golden-pea, golden-saxifrage, goldenaster, goldenrod, goldentop, goldenweed, goldfields, goldthread, goose-grass, gooseberry, goosefoot, gorse, goutweed, grape, grape-hyacinth, grape-vine, grapefern, graphephorum, grass, grass-of-Parnassus, grass-widow, grasswort, greasewood, green-bush, green-gentian, greenweed, gromwell, grooveburr, ground cedar, ground ivy, ground-cherry, ground-pine, groundcone, groundsel, groundsmoke, grouseberry, gruvelia, gumbo lomatium, gumweedGreat-flowered gaillardia (Gaillardia aristata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Brown galingale (Cyperus fuscus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern Washington to California, east to Nevada; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Damp, silty riverbanks.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern Washington to California, east to Nevada; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Damp, silty riverbanks.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Ciliate galinsoga (Galinsoga quadriradiata)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east across southern Canada to central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, gardens, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Central and South America
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east across southern Canada to central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, gardens, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Central and South America
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Shaggy galinsoga (Galinsoga quadriradiata)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east across southern Canada to central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, gardens, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Central and South America
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east across southern Canada to central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, gardens, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Central and South America
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Crow garlic (Allium vineale)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Nevius's garlic (Allium nevii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Chelan County, Washington to Wasco County, Oregon
Habitat: Vernally wet meadows and rocky soils at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Chelan County, Washington to Wasco County, Oregon
Habitat: Vernally wet meadows and rocky soils at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Wild garlic (Allium vineale)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Small-flowered gaura (Oenothera curtiflora)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central Washington to eastern Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona, east to North Dakota,, Iowa, and Louisiana; introduced in California and the eastern U.S., South America, Asia, and Australia.
Habitat: Meadows, stream banks, roadsides, sandy or rocky slopes, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from the central U.S.
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central Washington to eastern Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona, east to North Dakota,, Iowa, and Louisiana; introduced in California and the eastern U.S., South America, Asia, and Australia.
Habitat: Meadows, stream banks, roadsides, sandy or rocky slopes, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from the central U.S.
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Explorer's gentian (Gentiana calycosa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in the Cascades, Olympics and Blue Mountains of Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in the Cascades, Olympics and Blue Mountains of Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Glaucous gentian (Gentiana glauca)
Distribution: Ocurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to Alberta and Montana.
Habitat: Tundra and alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Ocurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to Alberta and Montana.
Habitat: Tundra and alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
King's gentian (Gentiana sceptrum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northwest California.
Habitat: Bogs and wet places, especially along the coast, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northwest California.
Habitat: Bogs and wet places, especially along the coast, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Lapland gentian (Comastoma tenellum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Okanogan County in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains; circumboreal.
Habitat: Alpine areas, typically where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Okanogan County in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains; circumboreal.
Habitat: Alpine areas, typically where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Mt. bog gentian (Gentiana calycosa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in the Cascades, Olympics and Blue Mountains of Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in the Cascades, Olympics and Blue Mountains of Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Northern gentian (Gentianella amarella)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Moist areas, sea level to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Moist areas, sea level to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Pleated gentian (Gentiana affinis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Damp soil and meadowlands, from the valleys and foothills to well up in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Damp soil and meadowlands, from the valleys and foothills to well up in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prairie gentian (Gentiana affinis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Damp soil and meadowlands, from the valleys and foothills to well up in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Damp soil and meadowlands, from the valleys and foothills to well up in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rocky Mtn. gentian (Gentiana affinis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Damp soil and meadowlands, from the valleys and foothills to well up in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Damp soil and meadowlands, from the valleys and foothills to well up in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Samiland gentian (Comastoma tenellum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Okanogan County in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains; circumboreal.
Habitat: Alpine areas, typically where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Okanogan County in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains; circumboreal.
Habitat: Alpine areas, typically where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Slender gentian (Comastoma tenellum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Okanogan County in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains; circumboreal.
Habitat: Alpine areas, typically where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Okanogan County in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains; circumboreal.
Habitat: Alpine areas, typically where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Staff gentian (Gentiana sceptrum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northwest California.
Habitat: Bogs and wet places, especially along the coast, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northwest California.
Habitat: Bogs and wet places, especially along the coast, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Swamp gentian (Gentiana douglasiana)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Bogs and tundra.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Bogs and tundra.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Carolina geranium (Geranium carolinianum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Woodlands and waste places, tending to be weedy.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Woodlands and waste places, tending to be weedy.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Dovefoot geranium (Geranium molle)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana, also in the central U.S. and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas including roadsides, moist ground in waste places and lawns, prairies, balds, and forest edge.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana, also in the central U.S. and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas including roadsides, moist ground in waste places and lawns, prairies, balds, and forest edge.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Purple geranium (Geranium purpureum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, lawns, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, lawns, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Sticky geranium (Geranium oreganum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington, where known historically; southwestern Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Meadows and woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington, where known historically; southwestern Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Meadows and woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sticky purple geranium (Geranium viscosissimum)
Distribution: Widely distributed east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains..
Habitat: Moist meadows and slopes, and forest openings, from the foothills to the middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains..
Habitat: Moist meadows and slopes, and forest openings, from the foothills to the middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western geranium (Geranium oreganum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington, where known historically; southwestern Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Meadows and woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington, where known historically; southwestern Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Meadows and woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western germander (Teucrium canadense)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Stream banks, lakeshores, and moist bottom lands, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Stream banks, lakeshores, and moist bottom lands, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Nettle-leaf giant-hyssop (Agastache urticifolia)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Colorado.
Habitat: Dry open slopes and draws, foothills to middle elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Colorado.
Habitat: Dry open slopes and draws, foothills to middle elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western giant-hyssop (Agastache occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central Washington to north-central and northeastern Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, open, often rocky slopes at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central Washington to north-central and northeastern Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, open, often rocky slopes at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ball-head gilia (Ipomopsis congesta)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest on the eastern border of Washington; Washington to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest on the eastern border of Washington; Washington to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bluehead gilia (Gilia capitata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Vancouver Island to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Vancouver Island to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Delicate gilia (Lathrocasis tenerrima)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Okanogan, Douglas, and Chelan counties in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Rocky outcroppings, Ponderosa pine forest openings, and montane shrub-steppe communities.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Okanogan, Douglas, and Chelan counties in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Rocky outcroppings, Ponderosa pine forest openings, and montane shrub-steppe communities.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Globe gilia (Gilia capitata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Vancouver Island to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Vancouver Island to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Great Basin gilia (Aliciella leptomeria)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, sandy and rocky areas in sagebrush steppe from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, sandy and rocky areas in sagebrush steppe from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Many-flowered gilia (Ipomopsis congesta)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest on the eastern border of Washington; Washington to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest on the eastern border of Washington; Washington to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Scarlet gilia (Ipomopsis aggregata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Oklahoma and Texas.
Habitat: Open or lightly wooded, drier meadows and rocky slopes, lowlands to fairly high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Oklahoma and Texas.
Habitat: Open or lightly wooded, drier meadows and rocky slopes, lowlands to fairly high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Shy gilia (Gilia sinuata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to southeast California, east to Idaho and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry, open, and usually sandy places in the foothills and plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to southeast California, east to Idaho and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry, open, and usually sandy places in the foothills and plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Sinuate gilia (Gilia sinuata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to southeast California, east to Idaho and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry, open, and usually sandy places in the foothills and plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to southeast California, east to Idaho and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry, open, and usually sandy places in the foothills and plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Small-flowered gilia (Microgilia minutiflora)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to eastern Oregon, east to western Montana and southern Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, sandy places at low elev, often with sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to eastern Oregon, east to western Montana and southern Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, sandy places at low elev, often with sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Lott's gily-flower (Aliciella lottiae)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the south-central portion of Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Open, sandy areas in sagebrush-steppe at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the south-central portion of Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Open, sandy areas in sagebrush-steppe at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Rosy gily-flower (Gilia sinuata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to southeast California, east to Idaho and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry, open, and usually sandy places in the foothills and plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to southeast California, east to Idaho and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry, open, and usually sandy places in the foothills and plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Sand gily-flower (Aliciella leptomeria)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, sandy and rocky areas in sagebrush steppe from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, sandy and rocky areas in sagebrush steppe from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Shy gily-flower (Gilia inconspicua)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and New Mexico.
Habitat: Rocky and sandy open areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and New Mexico.
Habitat: Rocky and sandy open areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Wild ginger (Asarum caudatum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Moist, shady woods at low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Moist, shady woods at low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Giraffehead (Lamium amplexicaule)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weed in distrurbed areas, fields, lawns.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weed in distrurbed areas, fields, lawns.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Glacier-lily (Erythronium grandiflorum)
Distribution: Widely distributed in mountainous and forested areas across Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Balds and forest openings from sea level to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed in mountainous and forested areas across Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Balds and forest openings from sea level to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Yellow glandweed (Bellardia viscosa)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California; also in south-central U.S.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, pastures, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia.
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California; also in south-central U.S.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, pastures, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia.
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Woody glasswort (Salicornia pacifica)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; Alaska to Baja California.
Habitat: Salt marshes and beaches along coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; Alaska to Baja California.
Habitat: Salt marshes and beaches along coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
American glehnia (Glehnia leiocarpa)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the coastal counties in Washington; coastal Alaska to coastal northern California.
Habitat: Sandy beaches and dunes along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the coastal counties in Washington; coastal Alaska to coastal northern California.
Habitat: Sandy beaches and dunes along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western globeflower (Trollius albiflorus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Subalpine and alpine wet meadows and slopes, blooming as the snow recedes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Subalpine and alpine wet meadows and slopes, blooming as the snow recedes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Gooseberry-leaved globemallow (Sphaeralcea grossulariifolia)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central Washington to Nevada, east to southern Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to low elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central Washington to Nevada, east to southern Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to low elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Long-sepal globemallow (Iliamna longisepala)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Chelan, Kittitas, and Douglas counties.
Habitat: From sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forest openings at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Chelan, Kittitas, and Douglas counties.
Habitat: From sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forest openings at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Munro's globemallow (Sphaeralcea munroana)
Distribution: Widely distributed east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Desert plains to open lower mountain slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Desert plains to open lower mountain slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Streambank globemallow (Iliamna rivularis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Somewhat moist areas, often along seasonal stream banks, foothills to forest openings at mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Somewhat moist areas, often along seasonal stream banks, foothills to forest openings at mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
White-stemmed globemallow (Sphaeralcea munroana)
Distribution: Widely distributed east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Desert plains to open lower mountain slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed east of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Desert plains to open lower mountain slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Low glyceria (Glyceria declinata)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, scattered eastward across North America.
Habitat: Vernal pools, disturbed wetlands.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, scattered eastward across North America.
Habitat: Vernal pools, disturbed wetlands.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Gnome-plant (Hemitomes congestum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Rich humus in damp coniferous forests at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Rich humus in damp coniferous forests at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Spear leaf goat-chicory (Agoseris retrorsa)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada, Utah, and Arizona.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, grassy slopes, and ponderosa pine forest openings at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada, Utah, and Arizona.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, grassy slopes, and ponderosa pine forest openings at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Tall goat-chicory (Agoseris ×elata)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Meadows and open woods, from the valleys to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Meadows and open woods, from the valleys to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of the United States to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Waste ground and roadsides; a troublesome weed in wheat.
Origin: Introduced from southern Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of the United States to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Waste ground and roadsides; a troublesome weed in wheat.
Origin: Introduced from southern Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Hybrid goatsbeard (Tragopogon miscellus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; eastern Washington and adjacent Idaho, Wyoming, and Arizona.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; eastern Washington and adjacent Idaho, Wyoming, and Arizona.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Biennial
Remarkable goatsbeard (Tragopogon mirus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central and eastern Washington; eastern Washington and adjacent western Idaho, also occurring in Arizona.
Habitat: Dry, open areas in the foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central and eastern Washington; eastern Washington and adjacent western Idaho, also occurring in Arizona.
Habitat: Dry, open areas in the foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Biennial
Sylvan goatsbeard (Aruncus dioicus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, also in the eastern half of North America.
Habitat: Moist forest and forest edge from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, also in the eastern half of North America.
Habitat: Moist forest and forest edge from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Woolly goatsbeard (Tragopogon floccosus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington, where known only from Whitman County. eastern Washington and adjacent western Idaho.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, fields, roadsides.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington, where known only from Whitman County. eastern Washington and adjacent western Idaho.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, fields, roadsides.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Western goblin (Botrychium montanum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Montana
Habitat: Moist duff under Thuja plicata or Calocedrus decurrens, occasionally also fens and moist subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Spores: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Montana
Habitat: Moist duff under Thuja plicata or Calocedrus decurrens, occasionally also fens and moist subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Spores: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Purple godetia (Clarkia purpurea)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and along the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Dry, open ground and grasslands, often at the edge of vernal pools.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and along the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Dry, open ground and grasslands, often at the edge of vernal pools.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Slender godetia (Clarkia gracilis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Fairly dry, open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Fairly dry, open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Gold-star (Crocidium multicaule)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas from low to middle elevations, especially common in sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas from low to middle elevations, especially common in sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Hairy goldaster (Heterotheca villosa)
Distribution: Widespread in Washington and Oregon, chiefly east of the Cascades; east to Michigan
Habitat: Open, sunny areas, often in sandy soil, low to moderate elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widespread in Washington and Oregon, chiefly east of the Cascades; east to Michigan
Habitat: Open, sunny areas, often in sandy soil, low to moderate elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mountain golden-banner (Thermopsis montana)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but only occurring in the far western and eastern counties; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sandy, well-drained soil to wet meadowland, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but only occurring in the far western and eastern counties; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sandy, well-drained soil to wet meadowland, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mountain golden-pea (Thermopsis montana)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but only occurring in the far western and eastern counties; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sandy, well-drained soil to wet meadowland, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but only occurring in the far western and eastern counties; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sandy, well-drained soil to wet meadowland, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Northern golden-saxifrage (Chrysosplenium tetrandrum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington Alaska to Washington, east to Montana and Colorado in the U.S., east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast; circumpolar.
Habitat: Rock crevices and wet banks and slopes, high elevations in our area.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington Alaska to Washington, east to Montana and Colorado in the U.S., east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast; circumpolar.
Habitat: Rock crevices and wet banks and slopes, high elevations in our area.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Pacific golden-saxifrage (Chrysosplenium glechomifolium)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northwest California.
Habitat: Moist, usually swampy places, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northwest California.
Habitat: Moist, usually swampy places, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Oregon goldenaster (Heterotheca oregona)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Sand and gravel bars along rivers, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-Sept.
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Sand and gravel bars along rivers, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-Sept.
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cascade Canada goldenrod (Solidago elongata)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Sandy or gravelly open areas or thickets at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Sandy or gravelly open areas or thickets at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Coast goldenrod (Solidago spathulata)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to California.
Habitat: Coastal sand dunes and headlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to California.
Habitat: Coastal sand dunes and headlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dune goldenrod (Solidago spathulata)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to California.
Habitat: Coastal sand dunes and headlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to California.
Habitat: Coastal sand dunes and headlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fragrant goldenrod (Euthamia graminifolia)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho; native from the Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lowland fields, lakeshores, and wastelots.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho; native from the Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lowland fields, lakeshores, and wastelots.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Grass-leaved goldenrod (Euthamia graminifolia)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho; native from the Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lowland fields, lakeshores, and wastelots.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho; native from the Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lowland fields, lakeshores, and wastelots.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Great Plains goldenrod (Solidago altissima)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Introduced from Alaska to California, otherwise native from Great Plains to Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Introduced from Alaska to California, otherwise native from Great Plains to Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Late goldenrod (Solidago altissima)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Introduced from Alaska to California, otherwise native from Great Plains to Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Introduced from Alaska to California, otherwise native from Great Plains to Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Missouri goldenrod (Solidago missouriensis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; central British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and midwestern U.S.
Habitat: Rather dry, open places, from the valleys and plains to fairly high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; central British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and midwestern U.S.
Habitat: Rather dry, open places, from the valleys and plains to fairly high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Northern goldenrod (Solidago multiradiata)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and midwestern U.S.
Habitat: Mountain meadows and open slopes at high elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and midwestern U.S.
Habitat: Mountain meadows and open slopes at high elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rocky Mountain goldenrod (Solidago multiradiata)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and midwestern U.S.
Habitat: Mountain meadows and open slopes at high elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and midwestern U.S.
Habitat: Mountain meadows and open slopes at high elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sticky goldenrod (Solidago simplex)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Open, slightly moist areas from coastal dunes to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Open, slightly moist areas from coastal dunes to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
West Coast goldenrod (Solidago elongata)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Sandy or gravelly open areas or thickets at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Sandy or gravelly open areas or thickets at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western Canada goldenrod (Solidago lepida)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry to moist areas in meadows and riparian areas, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry to moist areas in meadows and riparian areas, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western goldenrod (Euthamia occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains of the U.S.
Habitat: Stream and river banks, lake and pond margins, wetlands, and other moist areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains of the U.S.
Habitat: Stream and river banks, lake and pond margins, wetlands, and other moist areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western goldentop (Euthamia occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains of the U.S.
Habitat: Stream and river banks, lake and pond margins, wetlands, and other moist areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains of the U.S.
Habitat: Stream and river banks, lake and pond margins, wetlands, and other moist areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bloomer's goldenweed (Ericameria bloomeri)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, rocky slopes and open woods, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, rocky slopes and open woods, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Columbia goldenweed (Ericameria resinosa)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Basalt cliffs and rock crevices in the plains and foothills, extending up to 6000 feet on the east slope of the Cascades.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Basalt cliffs and rock crevices in the plains and foothills, extending up to 6000 feet on the east slope of the Cascades.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Columbian heath goldenweed (Ericameria resinosa)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Basalt cliffs and rock crevices in the plains and foothills, extending up to 6000 feet on the east slope of the Cascades.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Basalt cliffs and rock crevices in the plains and foothills, extending up to 6000 feet on the east slope of the Cascades.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Greene's goldenweed (Ericameria greenei)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascade crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, rocky slopes and open forests from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascade crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, rocky slopes and open forests from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Greene's heath goldenweed (Ericameria greenei)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascade crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, rocky slopes and open forests from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascade crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, rocky slopes and open forests from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hairy goldenweed (Pyrrocoma hirta)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington, the mountains of northeast Oregon and adjacent Idaho, south to northeast California.
Habitat: Meadows and open or sparsely wooded slopes in the foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington, the mountains of northeast Oregon and adjacent Idaho, south to northeast California.
Habitat: Meadows and open or sparsely wooded slopes in the foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hall's goldenweed (Columbiadoria hallii)
Distribution: Occurring in the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, open or sparsely wooded slopes at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, open or sparsely wooded slopes at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Large-flowered goldenweed (Pyrrocoma carthamoides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and Nevada.
Habitat: Open hillsides, meadows and forest openings from the lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and Nevada.
Habitat: Open hillsides, meadows and forest openings from the lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Lyall's goldenweed (Tonestus lyallii)
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympics and Cascades mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Mountain meadows and rocky slopes, subalpine and alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympics and Cascades mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Mountain meadows and rocky slopes, subalpine and alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Narrowleaf goldenweed (Nestotus stenophyllus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, rocky soil, often with sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, rocky soil, often with sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Palouse goldenweed (Pyrrocoma liatriformis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; eastern Washington and adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Grassy hillsides and prairies.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; eastern Washington and adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Grassy hillsides and prairies.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Palouse goldenweed (Pyrrocoma scaberula)
Distribution: Occurring in the southeastern corner of Washington; southeastern Washington to adjacent Oregon and Idaho.
Habitat: Grasslands and open hillsides at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the southeastern corner of Washington; southeastern Washington to adjacent Oregon and Idaho.
Habitat: Grasslands and open hillsides at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rabbitbrush goldenweed (Ericameria bloomeri)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, rocky slopes and open woods, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, rocky slopes and open woods, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sticky goldenweed (Pyrrocoma hirta)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington, the mountains of northeast Oregon and adjacent Idaho, south to northeast California.
Habitat: Meadows and open or sparsely wooded slopes in the foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington, the mountains of northeast Oregon and adjacent Idaho, south to northeast California.
Habitat: Meadows and open or sparsely wooded slopes in the foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Woolly goldenweed (Stenotus lanuginosus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho, Montana, and Nevada.
Habitat: Open, dry, often rocky places, from sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forest openings at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho, Montana, and Nevada.
Habitat: Open, dry, often rocky places, from sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forest openings at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Coastal goldfields (Lasthenia minor)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington, where known from a single collection in Skagit County; central California.
Habitat: Coastal balds and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: Arpril-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington, where known from a single collection in Skagit County; central California.
Habitat: Coastal balds and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: Arpril-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Maritime goldfields (Lasthenia maritima)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; southern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Coastal islands, headlands, and seabird nesting sites.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; southern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Coastal islands, headlands, and seabird nesting sites.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Seaside goldfields (Lasthenia maritima)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; southern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Coastal islands, headlands, and seabird nesting sites.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; southern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Coastal islands, headlands, and seabird nesting sites.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Smooth goldfields (Lasthenia glaberrima)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern Washington to central California.
Habitat: Wet or muddy ground at low elevations, including venral pools.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern Washington to central California.
Habitat: Wet or muddy ground at low elevations, including venral pools.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Fern-leaf goldthread (Coptis aspleniifolia)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south along the coast to Washington.
Habitat: Moist woods and bogs at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south along the coast to Washington.
Habitat: Moist woods and bogs at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Idaho goldthread (Coptis occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the northeastern region of Washington; adjacent British Columbia to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Moist woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the northeastern region of Washington; adjacent British Columbia to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Moist woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Oregon goldthread (Coptis laciniata)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest from the Olympic Peninsula south in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist woods at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest from the Olympic Peninsula south in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist woods at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Threeleaf goldthread (Coptis trifolia)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington in the northwest corner of the Olympic Peninsula. Alaska to Washington, Idaho and Montana, east across northern North America to the Atlantic; disjunct in Clackamas County, Oregon; also in Greenland and eastern Eurasia.
Habitat: Deep woodland, often where swampy.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington in the northwest corner of the Olympic Peninsula. Alaska to Washington, Idaho and Montana, east across northern North America to the Atlantic; disjunct in Clackamas County, Oregon; also in Greenland and eastern Eurasia.
Habitat: Deep woodland, often where swampy.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western goldthread (Coptis occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the northeastern region of Washington; adjacent British Columbia to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Moist woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the northeastern region of Washington; adjacent British Columbia to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Moist woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Goose-grass (Galium aparine)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Variety of habitats, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Variety of habitats, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Bristly black gooseberry (Ribes lacustre)
Distribution: Occurring in forested and mountainous areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist forests and stream banks to forestd slopes and subalpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in forested and mountainous areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist forests and stream banks to forestd slopes and subalpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Canada gooseberry (Ribes oxyacanthoides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Atlantic Coast in the northern half of North America.
Habitat: Prairies and lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Atlantic Coast in the northern half of North America.
Habitat: Prairies and lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Coast black gooseberry (Ribes divaricatum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and along the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist hillsides, prairies and open woods at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and along the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist hillsides, prairies and open woods at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Desert gooseberry (Ribes velutinum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Utah, and Arizona.
Habitat: Open areas in sagebrush-steppe and Ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Utah, and Arizona.
Habitat: Open areas in sagebrush-steppe and Ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Goodding's gooseberry (Ribes velutinum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Utah, and Arizona.
Habitat: Open areas in sagebrush-steppe and Ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Utah, and Arizona.
Habitat: Open areas in sagebrush-steppe and Ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Gummy gooseberry (Ribes lobbii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Lowland valleys to open forests at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Lowland valleys to open forests at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Lobb's gooseberry (Ribes lobbii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Lowland valleys to open forests at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Lowland valleys to open forests at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mount Adams gooseberry (Ribes watsonianum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Forest openings in canyons and on ridges, mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Forest openings in canyons and on ridges, mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mountain gooseberry (Ribes montigenum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine ridges, talus slopes and rock crevices.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine ridges, talus slopes and rock crevices.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Oregon gooseberry (Ribes lobbii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Lowland valleys to open forests at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Lowland valleys to open forests at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Snake River gooseberry (Ribes niveum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to Oregon and Nevada, east to Idaho and Colorado.
Habitat: Usually in thickets along streams, but somedtimes on open hllsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to Oregon and Nevada, east to Idaho and Colorado.
Habitat: Usually in thickets along streams, but somedtimes on open hllsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Snow gooseberry (Ribes niveum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to Oregon and Nevada, east to Idaho and Colorado.
Habitat: Usually in thickets along streams, but somedtimes on open hllsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to Oregon and Nevada, east to Idaho and Colorado.
Habitat: Usually in thickets along streams, but somedtimes on open hllsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Spring gooseberry (Ribes watsonianum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Forest openings in canyons and on ridges, mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Forest openings in canyons and on ridges, mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Straggly gooseberry (Ribes divaricatum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and along the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist hillsides, prairies and open woods at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and along the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist hillsides, prairies and open woods at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Swamp gooseberry (Ribes lacustre)
Distribution: Occurring in forested and mountainous areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist forests and stream banks to forestd slopes and subalpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in forested and mountainous areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist forests and stream banks to forestd slopes and subalpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Wastson gooseberry (Ribes watsonianum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Forest openings in canyons and on ridges, mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Forest openings in canyons and on ridges, mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western prickly gooseberry (Ribes montigenum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine ridges, talus slopes and rock crevices.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine ridges, talus slopes and rock crevices.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Whitestem gooseberry (Ribes inerme)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist forest edges and openings in the mountains, riparian corridors at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist forest edges and openings in the mountains, riparian corridors at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Berlandieri's goosefoot (Chenopodium berlandieri)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, riparian zones, wastelots, and other open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, riparian zones, wastelots, and other open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Clammy goosefoot (Dysphania pumilio)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest chiefly along the southern border of Washington; southern British Columbia to California and northern Nevada, east to Idaho; scattered in eastern half of U.S.
Habitat: Sandy or gravelly soils, streambanks, waste areas, and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced from Australia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest chiefly along the southern border of Washington; southern British Columbia to California and northern Nevada, east to Idaho; scattered in eastern half of U.S.
Habitat: Sandy or gravelly soils, streambanks, waste areas, and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced from Australia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Desert goosefoot (Chenopodium pratericola)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern U.S.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern U.S.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Fremont's goosefoot (Chenopodium fremontii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to low montane forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to low montane forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Giant goosefoot (Chenopodiastrum simplex)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Nevada, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, forest edge, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Nevada, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, forest edge, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Glaucous goosefoot (Oxybasis glauca)
Distribution: Occcurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast; also in Eurasia.
Habitat: Open, sometimes disturbed, areas, often where soil is alkaline or saline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occcurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast; also in Eurasia.
Habitat: Open, sometimes disturbed, areas, often where soil is alkaline or saline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Jerusalem oak goosefoot (Dysphania botrys)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of the U.S. and parts of southern Canada.
Habitat: Streambanks, gravel bars, roadsides, and other distrubed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of the U.S. and parts of southern Canada.
Habitat: Streambanks, gravel bars, roadsides, and other distrubed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Large seed goosefoot (Oxybasis macrosperma)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Washington, also in California and North Carolina.
Habitat: Disturbed, moist sites and shorelines.
Origin: Introduced from South America
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Washington, also in California and North Carolina.
Habitat: Disturbed, moist sites and shorelines.
Origin: Introduced from South America
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Leafy goosefoot (Blitum virgatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east across the U.S. in scattered locations to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east across the U.S. in scattered locations to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Low goosefoot (Oxybasis chenopodioides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Coilumbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to sandy areas or mountain slopes, often on roadsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Coilumbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to sandy areas or mountain slopes, often on roadsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Maple leaf goosefoot (Chenopodiastrum simplex)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Nevada, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, forest edge, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Nevada, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, forest edge, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Narrowleaf goosefoot (Chenopodium leptophyllum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Baja California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and dry grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Baja California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and dry grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Narrowleaf goosefoot (Chenopodium pratericola)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern U.S.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern U.S.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Nettleleaf goosefoot (Chenopodiastrum murale)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the southern Rocky Mountains; central North America east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the southern Rocky Mountains; central North America east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Oakleaf goosefoot (Oxybasis glauca)
Distribution: Occcurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast; also in Eurasia.
Habitat: Open, sometimes disturbed, areas, often where soil is alkaline or saline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occcurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast; also in Eurasia.
Habitat: Open, sometimes disturbed, areas, often where soil is alkaline or saline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Pinyon goosefoot (Chenopodium atrovirens)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and open, often moist, sometimes disturbed sites at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and open, often moist, sometimes disturbed sites at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Red goosefoot (Oxybasis chenopodioides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Coilumbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to sandy areas or mountain slopes, often on roadsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Coilumbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to sandy areas or mountain slopes, often on roadsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Red goosefoot (Oxybasis rubra)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains, Great Lakes Region, and Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist, saline soils.
Origin: Both native and introduced
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains, Great Lakes Region, and Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist, saline soils.
Origin: Both native and introduced
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Smooth goosefoot (Chenopodium subglabrum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; scattered in western North America and the Great Plains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; scattered in western North America and the Great Plains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Wall goosefoot (Chenopodiastrum murale)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the southern Rocky Mountains; central North America east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the southern Rocky Mountains; central North America east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
White goosefoot (Chenopodium strictum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast..
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast..
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Common gorse (Ulex europaeus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California; also in the eastern U.S.
Habitat: Roadsides, dry hillsides, fields, and other disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California; also in the eastern U.S.
Habitat: Roadsides, dry hillsides, fields, and other disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bishop's goutweed (Aegopodium podagraria)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations west of the Cascades crest in the Puget Trough in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed forest understory and edge, where often dumped as garden waste.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations west of the Cascades crest in the Puget Trough in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed forest understory and edge, where often dumped as garden waste.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
European grape (Vitis vinifera)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to the Willamette Valley in western Oregon, also in Columbia River Gorge and Hells Canyon.
Habitat: Forest edge, fields, and other disturbed areas where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to the Willamette Valley in western Oregon, also in Columbia River Gorge and Hells Canyon.
Habitat: Forest edge, fields, and other disturbed areas where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
River-bank grape (Vitis riparia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho; native to central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist to wet disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from eastern United States
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho; native to central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist to wet disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from eastern United States
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Armenian grape-hyacinth (Muscari armeniacum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Oregon, also in Oregon.
Habitat: Forest edge, distrubed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Oregon, also in Oregon.
Habitat: Forest edge, distrubed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Garden grape-hyacinth (Muscari armeniacum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Oregon, also in Oregon.
Habitat: Forest edge, distrubed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Oregon, also in Oregon.
Habitat: Forest edge, distrubed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fox grape-vine (Vitis labrusca)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and in Utah; also in eastern North America where more widespread.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, including forest understory, forest edges, wet areas, and roadsides.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and in Utah; also in eastern North America where more widespread.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, including forest understory, forest edges, wet areas, and roadsides.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common grapefern (Botrypus virginianus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the northeastern counties in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast; also in Eurasia.
Habitat: Moist woods and thickets, seldom in meadows, from valleys to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the northeastern counties in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast; also in Eurasia.
Habitat: Moist woods and thickets, seldom in meadows, from valleys to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Lance-leaved grapefern (Botrychium lanceolatum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, and through the Rocky Mountains to New Mexico; circumboreal.
Habitat: Moist or wet places in the mountains, occasionally to high elevations
Origin: Native
Spores: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, and through the Rocky Mountains to New Mexico; circumboreal.
Habitat: Moist or wet places in the mountains, occasionally to high elevations
Origin: Native
Spores: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Leathery grapefern (Sceptridium multifidum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the northeastern counties in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Open or shaded places, including meadows, wetland margins, and forest edge, from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the northeastern counties in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Open or shaded places, including meadows, wetland margins, and forest edge, from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Virginia grapefern (Botrypus virginianus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the northeastern counties in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast; also in Eurasia.
Habitat: Moist woods and thickets, seldom in meadows, from valleys to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the northeastern counties in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast; also in Eurasia.
Habitat: Moist woods and thickets, seldom in meadows, from valleys to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Beardless graphephorum (Graphephorum wolfii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Mostly where wet, as in meadows or along streams in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Mostly where wet, as in meadows or along streams in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alkaline grass (Distichlis spicata)
Distribution: Vancouver Island, British Columbia, south to California; also along the east coast of the United States from Canada to Florida and Texas.
Habitat: Coastal beaches, salt marshes, and inland areas where alkaline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Vancouver Island, British Columbia, south to California; also along the east coast of the United States from Canada to Florida and Texas.
Habitat: Coastal beaches, salt marshes, and inland areas where alkaline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, meadows, wastelots, and other disturbed areas, often where moist or wet.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, meadows, wastelots, and other disturbed areas, often where moist or wet.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, southern Great Plains and eastern North America.
Habitat: A weed of lawns, pastures, roadsides, railroad tracks, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, southern Great Plains and eastern North America.
Habitat: A weed of lawns, pastures, roadsides, railroad tracks, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Blowout grass (Redfieldia flexuosa)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where likely planted for dune stabilization.
Habitat: Sand dunes in sagebrush desert
Origin: Introduced from central United States
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where likely planted for dune stabilization.
Habitat: Sand dunes in sagebrush desert
Origin: Introduced from central United States
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bristly dog's-tail grass (Cynosurus echinatus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas, including roadsides, grasslands, and wastelots.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas, including roadsides, grasslands, and wastelots.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Bulbous onion grass (Melica bulbosa)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington;
Habitat: Grassland, sagebrush, open forest, rocky slopes, and talus.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington;
Habitat: Grassland, sagebrush, open forest, rocky slopes, and talus.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fiddle grass (Epilobium hirsutum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon; also in upper central and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Garden escape in wet areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon; also in upper central and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Garden escape in wet areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Mediterranean
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Mediterranean
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Koeler's prairie grass (Koeleria macrantha)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern Mexico, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast except in the southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, prairies, and open forests to subalpine ridges, mostly on sandy to rocky soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern Mexico, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast except in the southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, prairies, and open forests to subalpine ridges, mostly on sandy to rocky soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Large barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, meadows, wastelots, and other disturbed areas, often where moist or wet.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, meadows, wastelots, and other disturbed areas, often where moist or wet.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Meadow rye grass (Schedonorus pratensis)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered localities on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Meadows, pastures, roadsides, and other disturbed areas, often where moist
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered localities on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Meadows, pastures, roadsides, and other disturbed areas, often where moist
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Moss grass (Coleanthus subtilis)
Distribution: Occurring in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia, Columbia River Gorge, and Lower Columbia River, also in southwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Lake margins and sand bars.
Origin: Native?
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia, Columbia River Gorge, and Lower Columbia River, also in southwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Lake margins and sand bars.
Origin: Native?
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas such as meadows, fields, roadsides, and forest edges; common forage plant; also planted in logged areas in the mountains.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas such as meadows, fields, roadsides, and forest edges; common forage plant; also planted in logged areas in the mountains.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ripgut grass (Bromus diandrus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, southern Great Plains, and in eastern North America.
Habitat: Grassy balds, prairies, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, southern Great Plains, and in eastern North America.
Habitat: Grassy balds, prairies, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Scribner's grass (Scribneria bolanderi)
Distribution: Occurring in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington and adjacent Oregon, otherwise southwestern Oregon to California.
Habitat: Dry, sandy to rocky soil, often along roadsides, mostly from the foothills and lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington and adjacent Oregon, otherwise southwestern Oregon to California.
Habitat: Dry, sandy to rocky soil, often along roadsides, mostly from the foothills and lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Showy melic grass (Melica spectabilis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Usually in moist, loamy soil in meadows and open parks in mountain forests, but also dry to wet meadowlands and open forests to subalpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Usually in moist, loamy soil in meadows and open parks in mountain forests, but also dry to wet meadowlands and open forests to subalpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Small melic grass (Melica fugax)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Meadows, damp or dry slopes, open forest, and riparian zones.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Meadows, damp or dry slopes, open forest, and riparian zones.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Smith's melic grass (Melica smithii)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming and South Dakota; also in eastern Canada.
Habitat: Moist woods from the lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming and South Dakota; also in eastern Canada.
Habitat: Moist woods from the lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Suksdorf's blue-eyed grass (Sisyrinchium sarmentosum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; south-central Washington to north-central Oregon.
Habitat: Moist, grassy areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; south-central Washington to north-central Oregon.
Habitat: Moist, grassy areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Tall rye grass (Schedonorus arundinaceus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Meadowlands, fallow fields an ditch banks.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Meadowlands, fallow fields an ditch banks.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cascade grass-of-Parnassus (Parnassia cirrata)
Distribution: Occurring in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Columbia River Gorge to California, east to Nevada and Idaho.
Habitat: Bogs, stream banks, and wet meadows, montane to alpine.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Columbia River Gorge to California, east to Nevada and Idaho.
Habitat: Bogs, stream banks, and wet meadows, montane to alpine.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fringed grass-of-Parnassus (Parnassia fimbriata)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Montana and New Mexico.
Habitat: Bogs, stream banks and wet meadows, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Montana and New Mexico.
Habitat: Bogs, stream banks and wet meadows, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Grass-of-Parnassus (Parnassia palustris)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Casades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Arctic tundra to moist, shaded areas in the mountains, where usually along streams or around springs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Casades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Arctic tundra to moist, shaded areas in the mountains, where usually along streams or around springs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Kotzebue's grass-of-Parnassus (Parnassia kotzebuei)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where known only from Okanogan and Chelan counties in Washington; Alaska to Chelan County, WA, east to the Rocky Mountains, further east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist subalpine meadows, cliff faces, and ledges, often in boggy soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where known only from Okanogan and Chelan counties in Washington; Alaska to Chelan County, WA, east to the Rocky Mountains, further east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist subalpine meadows, cliff faces, and ledges, often in boggy soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Northern grass-of-Parnassus (Parnassia palustris)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Casades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Arctic tundra to moist, shaded areas in the mountains, where usually along streams or around springs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Casades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Arctic tundra to moist, shaded areas in the mountains, where usually along streams or around springs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Small-flowered grass-of-Parnassus (Parnassia parviflora)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Bogs, stream banks, and wet meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Bogs, stream banks, and wet meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Grass-widow (Olsynium douglasii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more widespread east of the crest; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Nevada, and Utah.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs, prairies, open rocky areas, oak and ponderosa pine woodlands, sagebrush and juniper desert, where moist in early spring.
Origin: Native
Flowers: January-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more widespread east of the crest; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Nevada, and Utah.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs, prairies, open rocky areas, oak and ponderosa pine woodlands, sagebrush and juniper desert, where moist in early spring.
Origin: Native
Flowers: January-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Purple-eyed grass-widow (Olsynium douglasii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more widespread east of the crest; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Nevada, and Utah.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs, prairies, open rocky areas, oak and ponderosa pine woodlands, sagebrush and juniper desert, where moist in early spring.
Origin: Native
Flowers: January-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more widespread east of the crest; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Nevada, and Utah.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs, prairies, open rocky areas, oak and ponderosa pine woodlands, sagebrush and juniper desert, where moist in early spring.
Origin: Native
Flowers: January-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western grasswort (Lilaeopsis occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Marshes, river banks, salt flats, muddy or sandy beaches and shores along and near the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Marshes, river banks, salt flats, muddy or sandy beaches and shores along and near the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Greasewood (Ceanothus velutinus)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, South Dakota, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Moist to dry open forests, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, South Dakota, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Moist to dry open forests, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Greasewood (Sarcobatus vermiculatus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Saline or alkaline, usually heavy soils of the drier regions.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Saline or alkaline, usually heavy soils of the drier regions.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Nevada greasewood (Glossopetalon spinescens)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Texas.
Habitat: Rocky canyon walls.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Texas.
Habitat: Rocky canyon walls.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Spiny green-bush (Glossopetalon spinescens)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Texas.
Habitat: Rocky canyon walls.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Texas.
Habitat: Rocky canyon walls.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Umpqua green-gentian (Frasera fastigiata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern and southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to adjacent Oregon, east to northeast Idaho.
Habitat: Moist woods and meadowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern and southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to adjacent Oregon, east to northeast Idaho.
Habitat: Moist woods and meadowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dyer's greenweed (Genista tinctoria)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington, Idaho, and in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington, Idaho, and in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Corn gromwell (Buglossoides arvensis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, and other dry, open, often disturbed sites in sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, and other dry, open, often disturbed sites in sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Field gromwell (Buglossoides arvensis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, and other dry, open, often disturbed sites in sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, and other dry, open, often disturbed sites in sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Tall hairy grooveburr (Agrimonia gryposepala)
Distribution: Reported from Washington but currently no specimens exist; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Edges, openings, draws, thickets, and open forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Reported from Washington but currently no specimens exist; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Edges, openings, draws, thickets, and open forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ground cedar (Diphasiastrum complanatum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist to dry, usually coniferous forests, rocky slopes and sandy openings, low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Spores: Sporing structures in summer and fall
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist to dry, usually coniferous forests, rocky slopes and sandy openings, low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Spores: Sporing structures in summer and fall
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ground ivy (Glechoma hederacea)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist woods and thickets, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist woods and thickets, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ground-cherry (Physalis longifolia)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weed of cultivated fields and waste places.
Origin: Both native and introduced
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weed of cultivated fields and waste places.
Origin: Both native and introduced
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Long-leaved ground-cherry (Physalis longifolia)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weed of cultivated fields and waste places.
Origin: Both native and introduced
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weed of cultivated fields and waste places.
Origin: Both native and introduced
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Trailing ground-pine (Diphasiastrum complanatum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist to dry, usually coniferous forests, rocky slopes and sandy openings, low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Spores: Sporing structures in summer and fall
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist to dry, usually coniferous forests, rocky slopes and sandy openings, low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Spores: Sporing structures in summer and fall
Growth Duration: Perennial
Tree ground-pine (Dendrolycopodium dendroideum)
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range and in northeastern Washington; Alaska to Washington, northern Idaho, and western Montana, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast: south in the Appalachians to North Carolina.
Habitat: Woodlands and open brushy areas. In Washington, found mostly among rock or talus with thick moss or duff layers, often under brush or on edges of forest. At mid elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range and in northeastern Washington; Alaska to Washington, northern Idaho, and western Montana, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast: south in the Appalachians to North Carolina.
Habitat: Woodlands and open brushy areas. In Washington, found mostly among rock or talus with thick moss or duff layers, often under brush or on edges of forest. At mid elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Small groundcone (Kopsiopsis hookeri)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the Puget Sound and outer coast in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Myco-heterotrophic on Gaultheria shallon, which occurs primarily in forest understories, along forest edges, and in forest and meadow openings at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the Puget Sound and outer coast in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Myco-heterotrophic on Gaultheria shallon, which occurs primarily in forest understories, along forest edges, and in forest and meadow openings at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Vancouver groundcone (Kopsiopsis hookeri)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the Puget Sound and outer coast in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Myco-heterotrophic on Gaultheria shallon, which occurs primarily in forest understories, along forest edges, and in forest and meadow openings at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the Puget Sound and outer coast in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Myco-heterotrophic on Gaultheria shallon, which occurs primarily in forest understories, along forest edges, and in forest and meadow openings at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Arrowleaf groundsel (Senecio triangularis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist places and streambanks from the lowlands to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist places and streambanks from the lowlands to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Balsam groundsel (Packera paupercula)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington British Columbia to Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Meadows, moist cilffs and woods, from the foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington British Columbia to Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Meadows, moist cilffs and woods, from the foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Black-tipped groundsel (Senecio lugens)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to the northern Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Wet meadows, grassy alpine slopes, and rich northern woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to the northern Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Wet meadows, grassy alpine slopes, and rich northern woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bolander's groundsel (Packera bolanderi)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington and in the Columbia River Gorge; southern Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist, rocky woodlands, banks, bluffs, and beaches, from the lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington and in the Columbia River Gorge; southern Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist, rocky woodlands, banks, bluffs, and beaches, from the lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Butterweed groundsel (Senecio serra)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Meadows and open, moist hillsides, foothills to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Meadows and open, moist hillsides, foothills to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cleftleaf groundsel (Packera streptanthifolia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Sasketchewan.
Habitat: Moist to moderately dry open areas and forest, from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Sasketchewan.
Habitat: Moist to moderately dry open areas and forest, from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common groundsel (Senecio vulgaris)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, waste ground, lawns, and other disturbed, open sites.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: February-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, waste ground, lawns, and other disturbed, open sites.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: February-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Elegant groundsel (Packera indecora)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, and also in California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and in the Great Lakes Region, also east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Damp meadows to stream banks and moist woodlands, from the valleys to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, and also in California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and in the Great Lakes Region, also east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Damp meadows to stream banks and moist woodlands, from the valleys to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Few-leaved groundsel (Packera subnuda)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Wet meadows in the subalpine and alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September.
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Wet meadows in the subalpine and alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September.
Growth Duration: Perennial
Flett's groundsel (Packera flettii)
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympics and Cascades mountains in Washington; Washington to Oregon.
Habitat: Open, rocky places in the alpine, occasionally at middle elevatins, especially on talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympics and Cascades mountains in Washington; Washington to Oregon.
Habitat: Open, rocky places in the alpine, occasionally at middle elevatins, especially on talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Long-rayed groundsel (Packera macounii)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open woods and dry, open places at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open woods and dry, open places at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Macoun's groundsel (Packera macounii)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open woods and dry, open places at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open woods and dry, open places at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Porter's groundsel (Packera porteri)
Distribution: Reported east of the Cascades crest in Okanogan County in Washington; Washington and Oregon, also occurring in Colorado.
Habitat: Talus slopes in the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Reported east of the Cascades crest in Okanogan County in Washington; Washington and Oregon, also occurring in Colorado.
Habitat: Talus slopes in the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rayless alpine groundsel (Packera pauciflora)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northern Washington, disjunct in California and northwest Wyoming, east to Northwest Territory and Alberta, also in eastern Canada.
Habitat: Alpine and subalpine meadows and moist cliffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northern Washington, disjunct in California and northwest Wyoming, east to Northwest Territory and Alberta, also in eastern Canada.
Habitat: Alpine and subalpine meadows and moist cliffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rocky Mountain groundsel (Packera streptanthifolia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Sasketchewan.
Habitat: Moist to moderately dry open areas and forest, from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Sasketchewan.
Habitat: Moist to moderately dry open areas and forest, from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Stout meadow groundsel (Senecio hydrophiloides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Wet meadows in the mountains and foothills, but not in alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Wet meadows in the mountains and foothills, but not in alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Water groundsel (Senecio hydrophilus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Swampy places in the valleys and foothills; tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June- September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Swampy places in the valleys and foothills; tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June- September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Western groundsel (Senecio integerrimus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where widely distributed; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Meadows and seasonally moist open areas from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where widely distributed; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Meadows and seasonally moist open areas from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Wood groundsel (Senecio sylvaticus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Woodland groundsel (Senecio sylvaticus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Woolly groundsel (Packera cana)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry, open, often rocky places, from the foothills to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry, open, often rocky places, from the foothills to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Black-foot groundsmoke (Gayophytum racemosum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Open slopes, often where moist early, from the foothills to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Open slopes, often where moist early, from the foothills to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Deceptive groundsmoke (Gayophytum decipiens)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; north-central Washington to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Rocky ridges and slopes, meadows, and flats from sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; north-central Washington to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Rocky ridges and slopes, meadows, and flats from sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Dwarf groundsmoke (Gayophytum humile)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Wyoming; also known from South America.
Habitat: Open areas at low to middle elevations where soil is seasonally wet.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Wyoming; also known from South America.
Habitat: Open areas at low to middle elevations where soil is seasonally wet.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Pinyon groundsmoke (Gayophytum ramosissimum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California and Arizona, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry foothills and valleys to the lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California and Arizona, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry foothills and valleys to the lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Racemose groundsmoke (Gayophytum racemosum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Open slopes, often where moist early, from the foothills to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Open slopes, often where moist early, from the foothills to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Spreading groundsmoke (Gayophytum diffusum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry meadows and open slopes, from lowlands to near timberline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry meadows and open slopes, from lowlands to near timberline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Zigzag groundsmoke (Gayophytum heterozygum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Forest openings at low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Forest openings at low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Grouseberry (Vaccinium scoparium)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Open, dry forests, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Open, dry forests, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Little gruvelia (Gruvelia pusilla)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, introduced and disjunct in Chile.
Habitat: Dry, open places at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, introduced and disjunct in Chile.
Habitat: Dry, open places at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Gumbo lomatium (Lomatium leptocarpum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to southern Oregon, east to western Idaho.
Habitat: Seasonally wet, usually shallow-soil meadows, and micro-depressions in vernally wet, rocky sites, often with clay component.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to southern Oregon, east to western Idaho.
Habitat: Seasonally wet, usually shallow-soil meadows, and micro-depressions in vernally wet, rocky sites, often with clay component.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Curlycup gumweed (Grindelia squarrosa)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across southern Canada and most of the United States to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry, open, often sandy places, at low to middle elevations, often where disturbed.
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across southern Canada and most of the United States to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry, open, often sandy places, at low to middle elevations, often where disturbed.
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Idaho gumweed (Grindelia nana)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Grassland, rocky areas, forest openings, streambanks, and roadsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: January-December
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Grassland, rocky areas, forest openings, streambanks, and roadsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: January-December
Growth Duration: Perennial
Low gumweed (Grindelia nana)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Grassland, rocky areas, forest openings, streambanks, and roadsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: January-December
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Grassland, rocky areas, forest openings, streambanks, and roadsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: January-December
Growth Duration: Perennial
Oregon gumweed (Grindelia stricta)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Lowland meadows, balds, marshes, and ditches.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-November
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Lowland meadows, balds, marshes, and ditches.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-November
Growth Duration: Perennial
Puget Sound gumweed (Grindelia integrifolia)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington at low elevations; British Columbia to northern California.
Habitat: Salt marshes, rocky shores along the coast, coastal headlands and bluffs, and various non-maritime habitats in the Puget Trough.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-January
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington at low elevations; British Columbia to northern California.
Habitat: Salt marshes, rocky shores along the coast, coastal headlands and bluffs, and various non-maritime habitats in the Puget Trough.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-January
Growth Duration: Perennial
Willamette Valley gumweed (Grindelia integrifolia)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington at low elevations; British Columbia to northern California.
Habitat: Salt marshes, rocky shores along the coast, coastal headlands and bluffs, and various non-maritime habitats in the Puget Trough.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-January
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington at low elevations; British Columbia to northern California.
Habitat: Salt marshes, rocky shores along the coast, coastal headlands and bluffs, and various non-maritime habitats in the Puget Trough.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-January
Growth Duration: Perennial
