Hooker's fairy-bells (Prosartes hookeri)
Distribution: Occurring in forested areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Moist, shady, wooded areas, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

wartberry fairy-bells (Prosartes trachycarpa)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains of the U.S. and Canada, reaching Ontario and Michigan.
Habitat: Wooded slopes, often near streams, and in aspen groves.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

white fairy-poppy (Meconella oregana)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open ground, balds, and prairies where wet in the spring.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Annual

diamond fairyfan (Clarkia rhomboidea)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southeastern British Columbia to California and Arizona, east to Idaho, Montana, Utah, and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, often sandy soil in forest openings at low to moderate elevtions.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual

purple false foxglove (Agalinis purpurea)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; widespread in eastern North America, where native.
Habitat: Lake and pond shorelines, often on floating logs.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Perennial

California false hellebore (Veratrum californicum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist meadows and woodlands, lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

pale false manna grass (Torreyochloa pallida)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Lowland to subalpine lake and stream margins, bogs, swamps, and marshes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

tall false oat (Trisetum canescens)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist to dry meadows and forest, stream banks, springs, and rocky slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

large false Solomon's seal (Maianthemum racemosum)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains, also from the central U.S. to the Atlantic Coast of eastern North America.
Habitat: Open woodlands, forest edge, moist meadow and forest openings from sea level to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

Okanogan fameflower (Phemeranthus sediformis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; southern British Columbia to northern Washington.
Habitat: Rocky, exposed slopes and ledges at lower elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

spiny fameflower (Phemeranthus spinescens)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; north-central Washington to north-central Oregon.
Habitat: Rocky, basaltic outcrops and sagebrush scabland.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial

fanweed (Thlaspi arvense)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weed of waste ground, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Annual

farewell-to-spring (Clarkia amoena)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Dry, open to wooded areas, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual

giant fawn-lily (Erythronium oregonum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the Puget Sound lowlands and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Prairies, rocky balds, moist woods; at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial

mahogany fawn-lily (Erythronium revolutum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to northwest California.
Habitat: Along river banks and the edge of woods, in open or in moderate shade.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial

pink fawn-lily (Erythronium revolutum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to northwest California.
Habitat: Along river banks and the edge of woods, in open or in moderate shade.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial

parrot's feather (Myriophyllum aquaticum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California and Idaho, east across the southwest to central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Ponds and slow-moving streams.
Origin: Introduced from South America
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

western featherbells (Anticlea occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Wet cliffs, moist meadows and scree, mostly at middle to high elevations, but down to near sea level in the Olympic Peninsula and the Columbia River Gorge.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

featherweed (Gamochaeta ustulata)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Balds, prairies, fields, and other disturbed open areas at low elevation.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial

felwort (Swertia perennis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in west-central Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; circumboreal.
Habitat: Streambanks, wet meadows and other moist places, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

bladder fern (Cystopteris fragilis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Moist to moderately dry, often rocky places, lowlands to above timberline
Origin: Native
Spores: April-September
Growth Duration: Perennial

coastal fern (Dryopteris arguta)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Baja California, east to Arizona, also in north-central Idaho.
Habitat: Mostly in the woods, but occasionally in more open areas.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial

deer fern (Struthiopteris spicant)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, also from southeastern British Columbia to southern Idaho.
Habitat: Forest understory, sometimes where moist, sea level to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Spores: April-September
Growth Duration: Perennial

fragile fern (Cystopteris fragilis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Moist to moderately dry, often rocky places, lowlands to above timberline
Origin: Native
Spores: April-September
Growth Duration: Perennial

gold fern (Pentagramma triangularis)
Distribution: Occurring mostly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Vancouver Island to Baja California, east to southwestern Washington and adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Rock crevices and open, rocky slopes in the valleys and foothills
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial

hidden sword fern (Polystichum lemmonii × Polystichum munitum)
Origin: Native

hybrid holly fern (Polystichum kruckebergii × Polystichum munitum)
Origin: Native

hybrid sword fern (Polystichum munitum × Polystichum scopulinum)
Origin: Native

large mosquito fern (Azolla filiculoides)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho and western Montana.
Habitat: Ponds, backwaters, slow-moving streams.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Annual

licorice fern (Polypodium glycyrrhiza)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Moist banks and rocks, tree trunks and logs, at low elevations
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial

male fern (Dryopteris filix-mas)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Moist shaded talus and rocky stream banks, lowland to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Spores: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

Mexican waterfern fern (Azolla microphylla)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Texas.
Habitat: Ponds and backwaters, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial

mountain fern (Oreopteris quelpartensis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to the Cascades of central Washington; also in eastern Asia.
Habitat: Wet cliffs and rocky slopes, sea level to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial

mountain holly fern (Polystichum scopulinum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open slopes, typically associated with rock outcroppings and crevices; tolerant of serpentine.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial

northern fern (Phegopteris connectilis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington and norttheastern Oregon, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Cliff crevices and moist banks in wooded regions.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial

northern oak fern (Gymnocarpium dryopteris)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; Alaska to northeastern Washington, east across Canada and the northern U.S., with disjunct populations scattered throughout western North America.
Habitat: Forest understory, often where moist
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial

rattlesnake fern (Botrypus virginianus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the northeastern counties in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast; also in Eurasia.
Habitat: Moist woods and thickets, seldom in meadows, from valleys to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial

serpentine holly fern (Polystichum lemmonii × Polystichum scopulinum)
Origin: Native

shield fern (Dryopteris cristata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; Alaska to Idaho, east across northern U.S. and Canada to eastern North America; also in Europe.
Habitat: Moist woods and thickets at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial

western fern (Polystichum munitum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Mexico, east to Montana, and disjunct in South Dakota.
Habitat: Moist coniferous woods, in open to deep shade; from sea-level to midmontane.
Origin: Native
Spores: Spores year-round on fronds
Growth Duration: Perennial

alpine fescue (Festuca brachyphylla)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, and northeastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Open rocky places in the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

bluebunch fescue (Festuca idahoensis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Grasslands and sagebrush desert to dry mountain slopes, occasionally to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

crinkle-awn fescue (Festuca subuliflora)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Shady sites in dry to moist, lowland to montane forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

green-leaf fescue (Festuca viridula)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta and Montana.
Habitat: Subalpine slopes, rock slides, and meadows to well above timberline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Grasslands and sagebrush desert to dry mountain slopes, occasionally to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

prairie fescue (Festuca campestris)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho, Montana, and the northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Upland prairies, montane and subalpine grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

Rocky Mountain fescue (Festuca saximontana)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America, also in Far East Russia.
Habitat: Montane and subalpine meadows and open forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

sand fescue (Festuca rubra)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Grasslands, balds, coastal bluffs, fields, meadows, and roadsides.
Origin: Both native and introduced
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

small fescue (Vulpia microstachys)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Balds, prairies, sagebrush desert, and disturbed areas, lowland to montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual

Valais fescue (Festuca valesiaca)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Roadsides, pastures, and grasslands.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

western fescue (Festuca occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to southwestern Alberta and Wyoming; disjunct in the Great Lakes area.
Habitat: Forest understory, edges, and openings to rocky slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

bristly fiddleneck (Amsinckia tessellata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, south to New Mexico.
Habitat: Roadsides and dry, open slopes and flats, often in disturbed soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual

fireweed fiddleneck (Amsinckia intermedia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Baja California, Mexico, east to Idaho, Utah, Arizona, and west Texas.
Habitat: Balds, meadows, prairies, roadsides, and other open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Annual

harvest fiddleneck (Amsinckia retrorsa)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Relatively dry and open areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual

rigid fiddleneck (Amsinckia menziesii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Open, dry foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual

seaside fiddleneck (Amsinckia spectabilis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Coastal dunes or sandy bluffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual

tessellate fiddleneck (Amsinckia tessellata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, south to New Mexico.
Habitat: Roadsides and dry, open slopes and flats, often in disturbed soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual

field-cress (Rorippa austriaca)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, eastward in scattered locations to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

California figwort (Scrophularia californica)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, chiefly in coastal counties; coastal southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Forest margins, prairies, and meadows at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

Oregon figwort (Scrophularia californica)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, chiefly in coastal counties; coastal southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Forest margins, prairies, and meadows at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

German filago (Filago vulgaris)
Distribution: Known from lowland northwestern Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, also in the eastern U.S.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual

alpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine slopes, where commonly in krumholtz form.
Origin: Native
Cones: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

noble fir (Abies procera)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; northern Washington to the Siskiyou Mountains in northern California.
Habitat: Deep forests where there is sufficient moisture, moderate to fairly high elevations.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial

subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine slopes, where commonly in krumholtz form.
Origin: Native
Cones: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

firethorn (Pyracantha coccinea)
Distribution: O Occurring in scattered locations across Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Atlantic Coast along the southern half of the U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, wastelots, and forest margins often near towns and cities where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from western Asia
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial

alpine fireweed (Chamaenerion latifolium)
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic Mountains and on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada; circumboreal.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine river bars, gravelly stream banks, snowmelt areas, and seasonally drier slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial

fireweed (Chamaenerion angustifolium)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Open areas, sea level to subalpine, especially in burned and other naturally disturbed areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial

alpine firmoss (Huperzia continentalis)
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic Mountains and Cascade Range in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to Montana; also in Wyoming and Colorado, scattered across northern Canada and on Greenland.
Habitat: Subalpine and alpine meadows, heath, and rocky slopes. Usually at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial

fissurewort (Sandbergia whitedii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington.
Habitat: Dry scabland, forest openings, talus slopes and alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

five-spot (Nemophila maculata)
Distribution: Occurring occasionally as an escape on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern Oregon to southern California.
Habitat: In our area a garden escape to open areas; in its native range found in meadows, roadbanks, and woodland.
Origin: Introduced from California
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual

sweet flag (Acorus calamus)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho, also widespread in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Wetlands, pond shores, and streambanks.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

flatpod (Idahoa scapigera)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia, including Vancouver Island, to California, east to Montana, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Annual

awned flatsedge (Cyperus squarrosus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lake and pond shores, banks of slow moving streams and rivers, and other wet, open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual

false flatsedge (Cyperus strigosus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest and along the Columbia River in Washington; Washington to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet places, along the banks of large streams, in the valleys and lowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial

redroot flatsedge (Cyperus erythrorhizos)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Pond and lake shores, streambanks, seeps, vernal pools, and ditches at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial

sharp-pointed flatsedge (Cyperus acuminatus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shores and vernal pools.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial

straw-colored flatsedge (Cyperus strigosus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest and along the Columbia River in Washington; Washington to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet places, along the banks of large streams, in the valleys and lowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial

taper-tip flatsedge (Cyperus acuminatus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shores and vernal pools.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial

blue garden flax (Linum perenne)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

littlepod false flax (Camelina microcarpa)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sagebrush, roadsides, ponderosa pine forest openings, and disturbed sites in seasonally moist areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial

Alice's fleabane (Erigeron aliceae)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the Olympic Mountains and southward in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist to fairly dry, sandy, open areas at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

basalt fleabane (Erigeron basalticus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest where endemic to Kittitas and Yakima counties in Washington.
Habitat: Cliff crevices in rocky canyons.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

Bloomer's fleabane (Erigeron bloomeri)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central and southeastern Washington; central Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open, rocky areas at low to moderate elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

California rayless fleabane (Erigeron inornatus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Dry slopes and forest openings, often where sandy or rocky.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

cushion fleabane (Erigeron poliospermus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to western Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open, typically rocky areas, often with sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial

Davis's fleabane (Erigeron davisii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to northeastern Oregon and adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Rocky ridges and slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

dwarf yellow fleabane (Erigeron chrysopsidis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe to open slopes of forests at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

Eastwood's fleabane (Erigeron aliceae)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the Olympic Mountains and southward in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist to fairly dry, sandy, open areas at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

fernleaf fleabane (Erigeron compositus)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Great Plains, also in northern and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Sandy riverbanks at low elevations to rocky outcrops at mid- to high elevation in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
Growth Duration: Perennial

foothill fleabane (Erigeron corymbosus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to eastern Oregon, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Open, usually dry places, often among sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

golden fleabane (Erigeron aureus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Exposed rocky areas, cliffs, and ridges in subalpine to alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August.
Growth Duration: Perennial

Howell's fleabane (Erigeron howellii)
Distribution: Known only from Skamania County in Washington; Skamania County, WA to Clackamas and Multnomah counties in Oregon.
Habitat: Moist, rocky places in the lowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial

lineleaf fleabane (Erigeron linearis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Dry, open, often rocky areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

Olympic Mt. fleabane (Erigeron flettii)
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic Mountains in Washington, where endemic.
Habitat: Cliffs and other rocky places in the subalpine and alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

Peck's threadleaf fleabane (Erigeron filifolius)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, and Utah.
Habitat: Sagebrush plains, dry slopes, and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

Piper's fleabane (Erigeron piperianus)
Distribution: Endemic to Washington, where occurring east of the Cascades crest from north-central to south-central Washington.
Habitat: Dry, open places, often in sandy soil among sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial

scabland fleabane (Erigeron bloomeri)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central and southeastern Washington; central Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open, rocky areas at low to moderate elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

short-rayed fleabane (Erigeron lonchophyllus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Streambanks, bogs, ponds, wet meadows, ditches, gravelly places along roads at middle to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial

Snake River fleabane (Erigeron disparipilus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Snake River area in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to southeastern Oregon, east to southwestern Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, rocky hillsides at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

splendid fleabane (Erigeron speciosus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Prairies and forest openings from the lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

swamp fleabane (Erigeron elatus)
Distribution: Reported east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; Alaska to Washington, east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet meadows, edges of ponds, and forested wetlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

threadleaf fleabane (Erigeron filifolius)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, and Utah.
Habitat: Sagebrush plains, dry slopes, and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

trifid mountain fleabane (Erigeron compositus)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Great Plains, also in northern and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Sandy riverbanks at low elevations to rocky outcrops at mid- to high elevation in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
Growth Duration: Perennial

wandering fleabane (Erigeron peregrinus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula and in the North Cascades; Alaska to Washington, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Low elevation bogs and wetlands, and subalpine and alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

alpine fleeceflower (Koenigia phytolaccifolia)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho, Montana, and Nevada.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine ridges, meadows and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

Newberry's fleeceflower (Koenigia davisiae)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Slopes and ridges in the subalpine and alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial

flixweed (Descurainia sophia)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weed of dry waste ground and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial

three-leaf foamflower (Tiarella trifoliata)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Moist woods and stream banks, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

hare's foot (Trifolium arvense)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, further eastward across the northern U.S. and southern Great Plains and Canada to eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual

alpine forget-me-not (Eritrichium argenteum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known only from Chelan/Okanogan County boundary. Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, and New Mexico.
Habitat: Coarse, rocky soils of alpine slopes and summits.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

common forget-me-not (Myosotis scorpioides)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet areas from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

early forget-me-not (Myosotis verna)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open, wet to dry places in foothills and lowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial

meadow forget-me-not (Hackelia micrantha)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist, open hillsides seasonally wet forest openings, and riparian corridors from montane to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

spring forget-me-not (Myosotis verna)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open, wet to dry places in foothills and lowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial

water forget-me-not (Myosotis scorpioides)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet areas from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

yellow and blue forget-me-not (Myosotis discolor)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other dry to moist open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Annual

heartleaf umbrellawort four-o'clock (Mirabilis nyctaginea)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Motana; native to central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas of dry valleys and plains.
Origin: Introduced from east of the Rocky Mountains
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

Chinese foxtail (Setaria faberi)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual

little foxtail (Alopecurus aequalis)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shores, riverbanks, vernal pools, sloughs, wet meadows, and seeps, often submersed.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

water foxtail (Alopecurus geniculatus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast in Canada.
Habitat: Wet places, often in standing water.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

foxtail millet (Setaria italica)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual

giant frasera (Frasera speciosa)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Slopes, forest openings, and meadows from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

fragrant fringecup (Tellima grandiflora)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington, but also in northeastern Washington and in the Columbia River Gorge; Alaska to California, east to northern Idaho and western Montana.
Habitat: Common in damp woods, forest edges, and along streams from sea level to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

sand fringepod (Thysanocarpus curvipes)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Colorado, and New Mexico.
Habitat: Uncommon on dry, open hillsides and borders of woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual

European frog-bit (Hydrocharis morsus-ranae)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known from Snohomish County; Washington and Quebec, Canada.
Habitat: Ponds and lakes at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial

Scouler's fumewort (Corydalis scouleri)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Moist soil in shade, low elevations, from the coast to the foothills
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial

common fumitory (Fumaria officinalis)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed soil and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual

Martin's fumitory (Fumaria reuteri)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington. currently known from Washington only.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, wastelots, sidewalk cracks, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial