Vascular Plants
Includes all flowering plants, conifers, ferns and fern-allies.
Common names beginning with B:
620 common names
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Index to common names:
baby's-breath, baby-blue-eyes, baby-innocence, babystars, balm, balsamroot, bamboo, baneberry, barberry, barley, barnyard-grass, bartsia, basil, basil-thyme, bassia, bay laurel, bayberry, beachgrass, beachweed, beakrush, bean, bean-caper, bearberry, bearbrush, beard, beardtongue, beargrass, bedstraw, bee-thistle, beeblossom, beech fern, beeplant, beggar-ticks, bell-heather, bellflower, bellheather, bells, belvedere, bent, bentgrass, bergia, berry, betony, bilberry, bindweed, birch, bird's-beak, biscuit-root, bishop's-cap, bistort, bitterbrush, bittercress, bitterroot, black-eyed Susan, black-snakeroot, blackberry, blackhaw, blackthorn, bladder-vetch, bladderpod, bladderwort, blanket flower, blazing-star, bleedingheart, blepharipappus, blinks, blite, blue-eyed grass, blue-eyed Mary, blue-eyed mary, blue-eyed Mary, blue-eyes, blue-lily, bluebell, bluebell-of-scotland, bluebells, blueberry, bluecup, bluecurls, bluegrass, bluestem, bluet, blueweed, bog cotton, bog laurel, bog-candle, bog-orchid, bogmat, boneset, borage, bottlebrush, bouncing-bet, box elder, boxleaf, boykinia, bracken, bramble, breeches, brickellbush, bride's-bonnet, bristlegrass, bristlehead, brodiaea, brome, brookfoam, brooklime, broom, broomrape, broomsedge, browntop, brush, bryony, buck-bean, buckbrush, buckthorn, buckwheat, buffalo-berry, bugbane, bugle, bugleweed, bugloss, bugseed, bulrush, bunchberry, bur, bur-clover, bur-marigold, bur-ragweed, bur-reed, burdock, burnet, burnweed, burrweed, bursage, bush, butter-and-eggs, butterbur, buttercup, butterfly-bush, butterweed, butterwort, button, buttonsBaby's-breath (Gypsophila paniculata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Northwest Territory and British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed, dry open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Northwest Territory and British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed, dry open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
False baby's-breath (Galium mollugo)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Occurring in disturbed soil, waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Occurring in disturbed soil, waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Great Basin baby-blue-eyes (Nemophila breviflora)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Wooded slopes, thickets, and less often in open places, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Wooded slopes, thickets, and less often in open places, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Meadow baby-blue-eyes (Nemophila pedunculata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia to Baja California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Moist, open places, like meadows and bottom lands, in the foothills and lowlands, occasionally somewhat higher.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia to Baja California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Moist, open places, like meadows and bottom lands, in the foothills and lowlands, occasionally somewhat higher.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Snake Canyon baby-blue-eyes (Nemophila kirtleyi)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to southeastern Oregon, east to central Idaho.
Habitat: Rocky slopes, generally in partial shade, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - May
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to southeastern Oregon, east to central Idaho.
Habitat: Rocky slopes, generally in partial shade, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - May
Growth Duration: Annual
Greater baby-innocence (Tonella floribunda)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; southern Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Open, often rocky places, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; southern Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Open, often rocky places, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Lesser baby-innocence (Tonella tenella)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; disjunct in southwestern British Columbia and the northern Olympic Peninsula, otherwise southern Washington to central California.
Habitat: Fairly moist in open to partly shaded places at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; disjunct in southwestern British Columbia and the northern Olympic Peninsula, otherwise southern Washington to central California.
Habitat: Fairly moist in open to partly shaded places at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Bicolored babystars (Leptosiphon bicolor)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open areas at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open areas at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
True babystars (Leptosiphon minimus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington in the Puget Trough lowlands; southern Vancouver Island to California.
Habitat: Prairies, balds, and open, grassy, rocky areas near the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington in the Puget Trough lowlands; southern Vancouver Island to California.
Habitat: Prairies, balds, and open, grassy, rocky areas near the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Field balm (Glechoma hederacea)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist woods and thickets, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist woods and thickets, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mountain balm (Ceanothus velutinus)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, South Dakota, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Moist to dry open forests, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, South Dakota, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Moist to dry open forests, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Arrowleaf balsamroot (Balsamorhiza sagittata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe, grasslands, and other open areas from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe, grasslands, and other open areas from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Carey's balsamroot (Balsamorhiza careyana)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to central Oregon.
Habitat: Open places, but not on lithosol, in the plains, foothills, and lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to central Oregon.
Habitat: Open places, but not on lithosol, in the plains, foothills, and lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Deltoid balsamroot (Balsamorhiza deltoidea)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Prairies, open slopes, and forest edge at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Prairies, open slopes, and forest edge at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hairy balsamroot (Balsamorhiza hookeri)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Washington to California, east to western Montana, southern Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low to moderate elevations, usually in lithosol (rocky, cobbly soil).
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Washington to California, east to western Montana, southern Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low to moderate elevations, usually in lithosol (rocky, cobbly soil).
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hare's head balsamroot (Balsamorhiza hookeri)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Washington to California, east to western Montana, southern Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low to moderate elevations, usually in lithosol (rocky, cobbly soil).
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Washington to California, east to western Montana, southern Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low to moderate elevations, usually in lithosol (rocky, cobbly soil).
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hoary balsamroot (Balsamorhiza incana)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to adjacent Oregon, east through Idaho to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Mesic meadows and slopes at lower to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to adjacent Oregon, east through Idaho to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Mesic meadows and slopes at lower to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hooker's balsamroot (Balsamorhiza hookeri)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Washington to California, east to western Montana, southern Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low to moderate elevations, usually in lithosol (rocky, cobbly soil).
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Washington to California, east to western Montana, southern Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low to moderate elevations, usually in lithosol (rocky, cobbly soil).
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hybrid balsamroot (Balsamorhiza ×bonseri)
Distribution: Local in eastern Washington where Balsamorhiza rosea is found
Habitat: Dry, rocky slopes at low elevation
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Local in eastern Washington where Balsamorhiza rosea is found
Habitat: Dry, rocky slopes at low elevation
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hybrid balsamroot (Balsamorhiza careyana × Balsamorhiza hookeri)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hybrid balsamroot (Balsamorhiza hookeri × Balsamorhiza sagittata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; also known from Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; also known from Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Puget balsamroot (Balsamorhiza deltoidea)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Prairies, open slopes, and forest edge at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Prairies, open slopes, and forest edge at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rosy balsamroot (Balsamorhiza rosea)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; south-central Washington to northeastern Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, rocky slopes at low elevation.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; south-central Washington to northeastern Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, rocky slopes at low elevation.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Serrrate balsamroot (Balsamorhiza serrata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central and southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Rock outcrops and dry, rocky knolls.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central and southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Rock outcrops and dry, rocky knolls.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Toothed balsamroot (Balsamorhiza serrata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central and southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Rock outcrops and dry, rocky knolls.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central and southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Rock outcrops and dry, rocky knolls.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Woolly balsamroot (Balsamorhiza incana)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to adjacent Oregon, east through Idaho to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Mesic meadows and slopes at lower to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to adjacent Oregon, east through Idaho to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Mesic meadows and slopes at lower to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Broadleaf bamboo (Sasa palmata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; also known from Tennessee.
Habitat: Disturbed lowland areas where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; also known from Tennessee.
Habitat: Disturbed lowland areas where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Growth Duration: Perennial
Japanese bamboo (Pseudosasa japonica)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Forest edge, roadsides, and other disturbed areas at low elevations where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Forest edge, roadsides, and other disturbed areas at low elevations where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Growth Duration: Perennial
Baneberry (Actaea rubra)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Moist woods and streambanks from low elevations to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Moist woods and streambanks from low elevations to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common barberry (Berberis vulgaris)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Idaho and Montana; also occurring in central and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Dry waste ground, forest understory, and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Idaho and Montana; also occurring in central and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Dry waste ground, forest understory, and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Darwin's barberry (Berberis darwinii)
Distribution: Occasional near the coast in Oregon and California.
Habitat: Prefers high humidity; rarely escapes cultivation
Origin: Introduced
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occasional near the coast in Oregon and California.
Habitat: Prefers high humidity; rarely escapes cultivation
Origin: Introduced
Growth Duration: Perennial
European barberry (Berberis vulgaris)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Idaho and Montana; also occurring in central and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Dry waste ground, forest understory, and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Idaho and Montana; also occurring in central and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Dry waste ground, forest understory, and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii)
Distribution: Sparingly introduced in Washington; escaped throughout central and eastern United States and Canada.
Habitat: Disturbed areas
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Sparingly introduced in Washington; escaped throughout central and eastern United States and Canada.
Habitat: Disturbed areas
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Wintergreen barberry (Berberis julianae)
Distribution: Occurring in lowlands west of Cascades crest in Washington; also in Mississippi and New York.
Habitat: Disturbed, shrubby areas at low elevations, often where wet or marshy.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in lowlands west of Cascades crest in Washington; also in Mississippi and New York.
Habitat: Disturbed, shrubby areas at low elevations, often where wet or marshy.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Old fields, wasteland, roadsides, and other disturbed areas where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Old fields, wasteland, roadsides, and other disturbed areas where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Dwarf barley (Hordeum depressum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Disturbed, often alkaline soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Disturbed, often alkaline soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Foxtail barley (Hordeum jubatum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Meadows and prairies around riverbeds and seasonal lakes, often in saline habitats, and along roadsides and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Meadows and prairies around riverbeds and seasonal lakes, often in saline habitats, and along roadsides and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Meadow barley (Hordeum brachyantherum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Ocean beaches to mountain meadows,usually where moist, but also from dry sagebrush desert to rocky ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Ocean beaches to mountain meadows,usually where moist, but also from dry sagebrush desert to rocky ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mediterranean barley (Hordeum marinum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Roads, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Roads, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Mouse barley (Hordeum murinum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, meadows, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, meadows, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Smooth barley (Hordeum murinum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, meadows, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, meadows, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Wall barley (Hordeum murinum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, meadows, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, meadows, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
American barnyard-grass (Echinochloa muricata)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shores, swales, riparian zones, moist, disturbed ground, and roadsides.
Origin: Native?
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shores, swales, riparian zones, moist, disturbed ground, and roadsides.
Origin: Native?
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Wild basil (Clinopodium vulgare)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east across North America in scattered states and provinces.
Habitat: Roadsides, grassy areas, forest edges, and other disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east across North America in scattered states and provinces.
Habitat: Roadsides, grassy areas, forest edges, and other disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Basil-thyme (Ziziphora acinos)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Montana and Wyoming, also in eastern North America.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Montana and Wyoming, also in eastern North America.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Five-hook bassia (Bassia hyssopifolia)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed habitats.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed habitats.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
California bay laurel (Umbellularia californica)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Forest edges and thickets at low elevations, often where disturbed, escaping cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from southwestern Oregon and California
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Forest edges and thickets at low elevations, often where disturbed, escaping cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from southwestern Oregon and California
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Pacific bayberry (Morella californica)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the outer coast in Washington; coastal Vancouver Island, British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Hillsides and sandy areas near the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the outer coast in Washington; coastal Vancouver Island, British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Hillsides and sandy areas near the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
American beachgrass (Ammophila breviligulata)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington along the marine coast; western British Columbia to California; native from Great Lakes region east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sandy beaches and dunes along the coast.
Origin: Introduced eastern North America
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington along the marine coast; western British Columbia to California; native from Great Lakes region east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sandy beaches and dunes along the coast.
Origin: Introduced eastern North America
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
European beachgrass (Ammophila arenaria)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington along the marine coast; western British Columbia to California, also in scattered locations along coast of northeastern North America.
Habitat: Sandy beaches and dunes along the coast.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington along the marine coast; western British Columbia to California, also in scattered locations along coast of northeastern North America.
Habitat: Sandy beaches and dunes along the coast.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Silver beachweed (Ambrosia chamissonis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the marine coastline beaches in Washington; British Columbia, south along the coast, to California.
Habitat: Common on sandy beaches above high tide level.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the marine coastline beaches in Washington; British Columbia, south along the coast, to California.
Habitat: Common on sandy beaches above high tide level.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
White beakrush (Rhynchospora alba)
Distribution: Alaska to California, east to Idaho, and throughout northeastern United states.
Habitat: Sphagnum bogs and other wet places, lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Alaska to California, east to Idaho, and throughout northeastern United states.
Habitat: Sphagnum bogs and other wet places, lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hog's bean (Hyoscyamus niger)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Syrian bean-caper (Zygophyllum fabago)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, eastward in scattered localities to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed soil and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, eastward in scattered localities to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed soil and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Red bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California east to the Rocky Mountains, also further east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs and prairies, rocky balds, dry subalpine meadows, and dry coniferous forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California east to the Rocky Mountains, also further east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs and prairies, rocky balds, dry subalpine meadows, and dry coniferous forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fremont's silk tassel bearbrush (Garrya fremontii)
Distribution: Along the Columbia River in Washington and Oregon; west side of the Cascades in Lane County, Oregon, south and west to the coastal ranges in California.
Habitat: Woodlands and chaparral, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: January-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Along the Columbia River in Washington and Oregon; west side of the Cascades in Lane County, Oregon, south and west to the coastal ranges in California.
Habitat: Woodlands and chaparral, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: January-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Aaron's beard (Hypericum calycinum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, cliffs, embankments, fields, parks, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Turkey and Bulgaria
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, cliffs, embankments, fields, parks, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Turkey and Bulgaria
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Barrett's beardtongue (Penstemon barrettiae)
Distribution: Occurring in the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to adjacent north-central Oregon.
Habitat: Woodland openings and rocky slopes at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to adjacent north-central Oregon.
Habitat: Woodland openings and rocky slopes at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Blue Mountains beardtongue (Penstemon pennellianus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Blue Mountains of southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to the Blue Mountains in adjacent northeastern Oregon.
Habitat: Open, gravelly and sandy slopes and ridges, sometimes associated with ponderosa pine forest openings, at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Blue Mountains of southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to the Blue Mountains in adjacent northeastern Oregon.
Habitat: Open, gravelly and sandy slopes and ridges, sometimes associated with ponderosa pine forest openings, at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cardwell's beardtongue (Penstemon cardwellii)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern Washington to southwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Open or wooded summits or slopes at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern Washington to southwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Open or wooded summits or slopes at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cascade beardtongue (Penstemon serrulatus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Moist to wet meadows and forest openings, from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Moist to wet meadows and forest openings, from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Chelan beardtongue (Penstemon pruinosus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington.
Habitat: Open, rocky places from the valleys and plains to moderate elevations in the mountains, and in the scablands in Washington.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington.
Habitat: Open, rocky places from the valleys and plains to moderate elevations in the mountains, and in the scablands in Washington.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cliff beardtongue (Penstemon rupicola)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Rock cliffs and rocky slopes from middle elevations in the mountains to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Rock cliffs and rocky slopes from middle elevations in the mountains to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Egg-leaf beardtongue (Penstemon ovatus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Open woods below 3000 feet in elevation.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Open woods below 3000 feet in elevation.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Elegant beardtongue (Penstemon venustus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where introduced in central Washington and native to the Blue Mountains region in southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Open, rocky slopes, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native and Introduced
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where introduced in central Washington and native to the Blue Mountains region in southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Open, rocky slopes, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native and Introduced
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fine-toothed beardtongue (Penstemon subserratus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; north-central Washington to north-central Oregon.
Habitat: Open ponderosa pine forest and clearings at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; north-central Washington to north-central Oregon.
Habitat: Open ponderosa pine forest and clearings at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Glaucous beardtongue (Penstemon euglaucus)
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range in Washington from Mt Adams south; Washington to central Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, sandy, open or sparsely wooded slopes at moderate elevations to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range in Washington from Mt Adams south; Washington to central Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, sandy, open or sparsely wooded slopes at moderate elevations to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Gray beardtongue (Penstemon cinereus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central Washington to northeastern California and northwestern Nevada.
Habitat: Open areas at low to middle elevations in loamy or igneous rocky or gravelly soils.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central Washington to northeastern California and northwestern Nevada.
Habitat: Open areas at low to middle elevations in loamy or igneous rocky or gravelly soils.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Lesser yellow beardtongue (Penstemon confertus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta, Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Coniferous forest openings and open slopes from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta, Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Coniferous forest openings and open slopes from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Pennell's beardtongue (Penstemon pennellianus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Blue Mountains of southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to the Blue Mountains in adjacent northeastern Oregon.
Habitat: Open, gravelly and sandy slopes and ridges, sometimes associated with ponderosa pine forest openings, at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Blue Mountains of southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to the Blue Mountains in adjacent northeastern Oregon.
Habitat: Open, gravelly and sandy slopes and ridges, sometimes associated with ponderosa pine forest openings, at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rockvine beardtongue (Penstemon ellipticus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; southeastern British Columbia to northeastern Washington, east to Alberta and Montana.
Habitat: Rocky places at high elevations in the mountains, often on cliffs, ledges, or in rock crevices.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; southeastern British Columbia to northeastern Washington, east to Alberta and Montana.
Habitat: Rocky places at high elevations in the mountains, often on cliffs, ledges, or in rock crevices.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Royal beardtongue (Penstemon speciosus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada and Utah.
Habitat: Dry, open or sparsely wooded areas, often with sagebrush, juniper or ponderosa pine, mostly in the lowlands and foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Nevada and Utah.
Habitat: Dry, open or sparsely wooded areas, often with sagebrush, juniper or ponderosa pine, mostly in the lowlands and foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rydberg's beardtongue (Penstemon rydbergii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Meadows and moist, open slopes, occasionally on drier slopes with sagebrush, chiefly in the foothills and at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Meadows and moist, open slopes, occasionally on drier slopes with sagebrush, chiefly in the foothills and at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Subserrate beardtongue (Penstemon subserratus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; north-central Washington to north-central Oregon.
Habitat: Open ponderosa pine forest and clearings at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; north-central Washington to north-central Oregon.
Habitat: Open ponderosa pine forest and clearings at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Tall beardtongue (Penstemon hesperius)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; narrowly distributed from southwestern Washington to northwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Moist, lowland meadows and stream banks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; narrowly distributed from southwestern Washington to northwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Moist, lowland meadows and stream banks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Taper-leaved beardtongue (Penstemon attenuatus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southeastern British Columbia to northeastern Oregon, east to western Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry to moist meadows and woodland slopes from the lowlands to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southeastern British Columbia to northeastern Oregon, east to western Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry to moist meadows and woodland slopes from the lowlands to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Washington beardtongue (Penstemon washingtonensis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic to Chelan and Okanogan in Washington.
Habitat: From open slopes and flats at moderate elevations to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic to Chelan and Okanogan in Washington.
Habitat: From open slopes and flats at moderate elevations to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Whorled beardtongue (Penstemon triphyllus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern area of Washington; Southeast Washington south to adjacent Oregon and east to adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Cliff crevices and dry, rocky banks and slopes at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern area of Washington; Southeast Washington south to adjacent Oregon and east to adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Cliff crevices and dry, rocky banks and slopes at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Wilcox's beardtongue (Penstemon wilcoxii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Montana.
Habitat: Open or often wooded, sometimes in rocky places, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Montana.
Habitat: Open or often wooded, sometimes in rocky places, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Woodland beardtongue (Nothochelone nemorosa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Forest understory at middle elevations to moist forest edge and slopes in the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Forest understory at middle elevations to moist forest edge and slopes in the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Beargrass (Xerophyllum tenax)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open woods and clearings, from near sea level on the Olympic Peninsula to high elevations in the Rockies.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open woods and clearings, from near sea level on the Olympic Peninsula to high elevations in the Rockies.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Boreal bedstraw (Galium kamtschaticum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, also in eastern Canada; Eurasia.
Habitat: Moist, cold coniferous woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, also in eastern Canada; Eurasia.
Habitat: Moist, cold coniferous woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common bedstraw (Galium aparine)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Variety of habitats, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Variety of habitats, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Common marsh bedstraw (Galium palustre)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to Oregon, east to Montana; also in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas, often where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to Oregon, east to Montana; also in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas, often where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fragrant bedstraw (Galium triflorum)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America.
Habitat: Moist woods, from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America.
Habitat: Moist woods, from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Intermountain bedstraw (Galium serpenticum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to central Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open, rocky slopes from fairly low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to central Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open, rocky slopes from fairly low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Lady's bedstraw (Galium verum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Escaping from cultivation to lawns, roadsides, and other open, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Escaping from cultivation to lawns, roadsides, and other open, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Lamarck's bedstraw (Galium divaricatum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California; also in southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California; also in southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Mexican bedstraw (Galium mexicanum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Texas.
Habitat: Forest openings, meadows, and open hillsides from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Texas.
Habitat: Forest openings, meadows, and open hillsides from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Northern bedstraw (Galium boreale)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Mesic habitats, from sea level to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Mesic habitats, from sea level to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Oregon bedstraw (Galium oreganum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist woods and meadows, from sea level to 5000 feet in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Moist woods and meadows, from sea level to 5000 feet in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Piedmont bedstraw (Cruciata pedemontana)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washngton; Washington to Oregon, east to Montana; in central and southeastern regions of the U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed sites, roadsides, waste areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washngton; Washington to Oregon, east to Montana; in central and southeastern regions of the U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed sites, roadsides, waste areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Small bedstraw (Galium trifidum)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Moist places, from sea level to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Moist places, from sea level to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sweet-scented bedstraw (Galium odoratum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon; scattered areas of central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Woodlands at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon; scattered areas of central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Woodlands at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Three-flowered bedstraw (Galium triflorum)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America.
Habitat: Moist woods, from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America.
Habitat: Moist woods, from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Twin-leaf bedstraw (Galium bifolium)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascade crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Colorado.
Habitat: Moist to rather dry areas, foothills to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascade crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Colorado.
Habitat: Moist to rather dry areas, foothills to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Yellow spring bedstraw (Galium verum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Escaping from cultivation to lawns, roadsides, and other open, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Escaping from cultivation to lawns, roadsides, and other open, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bee-thistle (Eryngium articulatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest along the eastern border of Washington; disjunct in eastern Washington and adjacent Idaho, otherwise southwestern Oregon to California.
Habitat: Low ground along streams and lakes, often where submerged.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest along the eastern border of Washington; disjunct in eastern Washington and adjacent Idaho, otherwise southwestern Oregon to California.
Habitat: Low ground along streams and lakes, often where submerged.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Naked-stemmed beeblossom (Chylismia scapoidea)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington, where disjunct from the main range of the species; central Oregon to Nevada, east to Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, and New Mexico, disjunct in central Washington.
Habitat: Dry slopes and flats in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington, where disjunct from the main range of the species; central Oregon to Nevada, east to Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, and New Mexico, disjunct in central Washington.
Habitat: Dry slopes and flats in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Narrow beech fern (Phegopteris connectilis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington and norttheastern Oregon, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Cliff crevices and moist banks in wooded regions.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington and norttheastern Oregon, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Cliff crevices and moist banks in wooded regions.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rocky Mountain beeplant (Cleomella serrulata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Ontario, the Great Lakes region, and Ohio.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts and Ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Ontario, the Great Lakes region, and Ohio.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts and Ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Yellow beeplant (Cleomella lutea)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Nebraska.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to Ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Nebraska.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to Ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Leafy beggar-ticks (Bidens frondosa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shores of ponds, lakes, backwater channels, and other wetland areas at low elevations, often where disturbed.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shores of ponds, lakes, backwater channels, and other wetland areas at low elevations, often where disturbed.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Nodding beggar-ticks (Bidens cernua)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Stream banks, pond and lake edges, and other wet places at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Stream banks, pond and lake edges, and other wet places at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Purplestem beggars-ticks (Bidens connata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho and Montana; native from central North America east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Marshes, shorelines and other wet, sunny areas.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: August-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho and Montana; native from central North America east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Marshes, shorelines and other wet, sunny areas.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: August-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Swamp beggar-ticks (Bidens connata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho and Montana; native from central North America east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Marshes, shorelines and other wet, sunny areas.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: August-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho and Montana; native from central North America east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Marshes, shorelines and other wet, sunny areas.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: August-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Tall beggar-ticks (Bidens vulgata)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across all but the southwestern U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Streamsides, ponds, lakes, ditches and other moist to wet waste places.
Origin: Introduced from British Columbia
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across all but the southwestern U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Streamsides, ponds, lakes, ditches and other moist to wet waste places.
Origin: Introduced from British Columbia
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Three-lobed beggar-ticks (Bidens tripartita)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast where native.
Habitat: Wet places, often where disturbed, primarily at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and eastern North America
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast where native.
Habitat: Wet places, often where disturbed, primarily at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and eastern North America
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Vancouver Island beggar-ticks (Bidens amplissima)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the northern Puget Trough area in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to King County, Washington.
Habitat: Wetlands, estuaries, pond and stream margins.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the northern Puget Trough area in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to King County, Washington.
Habitat: Wetlands, estuaries, pond and stream margins.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alaska bell-heather (Harrimanella stelleriana)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Rocky slopes and seeps, alpine to subalpine
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Rocky slopes and seeps, alpine to subalpine
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alaska bellflower (Campanula lasiocarpa)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to Northwest Territories and Alberta.
Habitat: Subalpine and alpine rock crevices and heathlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to Northwest Territories and Alberta.
Habitat: Subalpine and alpine rock crevices and heathlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bluebell bellflower (Campanula rotundifolia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington Alaska to California, east across NorthAmerica to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas from low elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington Alaska to California, east across NorthAmerica to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas from low elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Clustered bellflower (Campanula glomerata)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia, central Washington, and western Montana.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia, central Washington, and western Montana.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Creeping bellflower (Campanula rapunculoides)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Olympic bellflower (Campanula piperi)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the Olympic Mountains of Washington, where endemic.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in the Olympic Mountains of Washington, where endemic.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Pale bellflower (Campanula scouleri)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Lowland to montane, dry to mesic forest openings and rocky outcroppings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Lowland to montane, dry to mesic forest openings and rocky outcroppings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Parry's bellflower (Campanula parryi)
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range and Olympic Mountains in Washington, where disjunct; central Idaho and adjacent Montana south in Rocky Mountains to Arizona and New Mexico.
Habitat: In subalpine and alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range and Olympic Mountains in Washington, where disjunct; central Idaho and adjacent Montana south in Rocky Mountains to Arizona and New Mexico.
Habitat: In subalpine and alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Peach-leaf bellflower (Campanula persicifolia)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Utah, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Escaping from cultivation; occurring in moderately moist, disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Utah, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Escaping from cultivation; occurring in moderately moist, disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rough bellflower (Campanula scabrella)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; disjunct in Washington and California from core distribution in Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; disjunct in Washington and California from core distribution in Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Scotch bellflower (Campanula rotundifolia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington Alaska to California, east across NorthAmerica to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas from low elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington Alaska to California, east across NorthAmerica to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas from low elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alaska bellheather (Harrimanella stelleriana)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Rocky slopes and seeps, alpine to subalpine
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Rocky slopes and seeps, alpine to subalpine
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bronze bells (Anticlea occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Wet cliffs, moist meadows and scree, mostly at middle to high elevations, but down to near sea level in the Olympic Peninsula and the Columbia River Gorge.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Wet cliffs, moist meadows and scree, mostly at middle to high elevations, but down to near sea level in the Olympic Peninsula and the Columbia River Gorge.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Canterbury bells (Campanula medium)
Distribution: Scattered on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, and in Montana; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Open, disturbed areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Scattered on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, and in Montana; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Open, disturbed areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Mission bells (Anticlea occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Wet cliffs, moist meadows and scree, mostly at middle to high elevations, but down to near sea level in the Olympic Peninsula and the Columbia River Gorge.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Wet cliffs, moist meadows and scree, mostly at middle to high elevations, but down to near sea level in the Olympic Peninsula and the Columbia River Gorge.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Yellow bells (Fritillaria pudica)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California and Nevada, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe to mixed coniferous forests, from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California and Nevada, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe to mixed coniferous forests, from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Red belvedere (Bassia scoparia)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other dry, distrubed, open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Europe and southestern Asia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other dry, distrubed, open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Europe and southestern Asia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Alaska bent (Podagrostis aequivalvis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to the Olympic Peninsula and Mount Rainier.
Habitat: Bogs and wet places near the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to the Olympic Peninsula and Mount Rainier.
Habitat: Bogs and wet places near the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alpine bent (Podagrostis humilis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Subalpine or alpine meadows, stream banks, and moist slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Subalpine or alpine meadows, stream banks, and moist slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Arctic bent (Podagrostis aequivalvis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to the Olympic Peninsula and Mount Rainier.
Habitat: Bogs and wet places near the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to the Olympic Peninsula and Mount Rainier.
Habitat: Bogs and wet places near the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mountain bent (Podagrostis humilis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Subalpine or alpine meadows, stream banks, and moist slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Subalpine or alpine meadows, stream banks, and moist slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Thurber's bent (Podagrostis thurberiana)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Meadows and slopes to lake and stream margins, mostly subalpine or alpine, but down to about 1000 ft elevatin near the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Meadows and slopes to lake and stream margins, mostly subalpine or alpine, but down to about 1000 ft elevatin near the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alpine bentgrass (Agrostis variabilis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Wet subalpine and alpine seeps and meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Wet subalpine and alpine seeps and meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Black bentgrass (Agrostis gigantea)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed sites, roadsides, edge of agricultural fields, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed sites, roadsides, edge of agricultural fields, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
California bentgrass (Agrostis densiflora)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in western Washington along the outer coast; coastal Washington to California.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in western Washington along the outer coast; coastal Washington to California.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Colonial bentgrass (Agrostis capillaris)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open, disturbed areas often at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open, disturbed areas often at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Highland bentgrass (Agrostis castellana)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington: southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Disturbed sites, roadsides, and gravel bars.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington: southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Disturbed sites, roadsides, and gravel bars.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Idaho bentgrass (Agrostis idahoensis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Subalpine and alpine meadows, along wet seepage areas, bogs, and wet openings in coniferous forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Subalpine and alpine meadows, along wet seepage areas, bogs, and wet openings in coniferous forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Merten's bentgrass (Agrostis mertensii)
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range in Washington; Alaska to northern Washington; circumboreal.
Habitat: Rocky alpine meadows and ridgelines.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range in Washington; Alaska to northern Washington; circumboreal.
Habitat: Rocky alpine meadows and ridgelines.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Northern bentgrass (Agrostis mertensii)
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range in Washington; Alaska to northern Washington; circumboreal.
Habitat: Rocky alpine meadows and ridgelines.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range in Washington; Alaska to northern Washington; circumboreal.
Habitat: Rocky alpine meadows and ridgelines.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Oregon bentgrass (Agrostis oregonensis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Nevada.
Habitat: Stream and lake margins, damp woodlands and meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Nevada.
Habitat: Stream and lake margins, damp woodlands and meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rough bentgrass (Agrostis scabra)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed sites in grassl, open forest, marshes, and lakesides, often along roads and ditches.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed sites in grassl, open forest, marshes, and lakesides, often along roads and ditches.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Seashore bentgrass (Agrostis pallens)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to western Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Coastal sands and cliffs, meadows, open, dry lowlands to subalpine forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to western Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Coastal sands and cliffs, meadows, open, dry lowlands to subalpine forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Small-leaf bentgrass (Agrostis microphylla)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Seasonally wet areas on thin, rocky or sandy substrates, vernal pools, cliffs, and serpentine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Seasonally wet areas on thin, rocky or sandy substrates, vernal pools, cliffs, and serpentine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Spiked bentgrass (Agrostis exarata)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Nebraska and Texas.
Habitat: Moist areas, from near sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Nebraska and Texas.
Habitat: Moist areas, from near sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Spreading bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet, disturbed areas that include streambanks, flooded fields, and ditches at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet, disturbed areas that include streambanks, flooded fields, and ditches at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Texas bergia (Bergia texana)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known historically from Klickitat County (likely extirpated); Washington to California, east to the Great Plains and the central U.S.
Habitat: Emergent in muddy soils of ponds, lakes, ditches, rivers, and streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known historically from Klickitat County (likely extirpated); Washington to California, east to the Great Plains and the central U.S.
Habitat: Emergent in muddy soils of ponds, lakes, ditches, rivers, and streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Roughfruit berry (Rubus lasiococcus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist to dry woods, lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist to dry woods, lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Marsh betony (Stachys pilosa)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Swamps, marshes, wetlands and riparian areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Swamps, marshes, wetlands and riparian areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Paul's betony (Veronica officinalis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, balds, prairies, ditches, forest edge, lawns, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, balds, prairies, ditches, forest edge, lawns, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bog bilberry (Vaccinium uliginosum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Nevada, Utah, Wyoming and Montana, east across northern North America to the Atlantic.
Habitat: Bogs and fens from low elevation to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Nevada, Utah, Wyoming and Montana, east across northern North America to the Atlantic.
Habitat: Bogs and fens from low elevation to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dwarf bilberry (Vaccinium cespitosum)
Distribution: Widely distributed in the mountainous areas of Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Moist rocky ridges and meadows, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed in the mountainous areas of Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Moist rocky ridges and meadows, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Black bindweed (Fallopia convolvulus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, wastelots, cultivated fields, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, wastelots, cultivated fields, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Climbing bindweed (Fallopia convolvulus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, wastelots, cultivated fields, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, wastelots, cultivated fields, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, open areas, wastelots, and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, open areas, wastelots, and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hedge bindweed (Calystegia sepium)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Prairies, balds, forest edge, and other open areas generally at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Prairies, balds, forest edge, and other open areas generally at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ivy bindweed (Fallopia convolvulus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, wastelots, cultivated fields, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, wastelots, cultivated fields, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Large bindweed (Calystegia ×lucana)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Thickets, fields, roadsides, shores, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Thickets, fields, roadsides, shores, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Seashore false bindweed (Calystegia soldanella)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; British Columbia to San Diego County, California.
Habitat: Coastal beaches and sand dunes, often extending down to the high tide level.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; British Columbia to San Diego County, California.
Habitat: Coastal beaches and sand dunes, often extending down to the high tide level.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bog birch (Betula pumila)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to Oregon, east to northern Idaho and western Montana, east to the Atlantic.
Habitat: Wet places, often in swamps and bogs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to Oregon, east to northern Idaho and western Montana, east to the Atlantic.
Habitat: Wet places, often in swamps and bogs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Canoe birch (Betula papyrifera)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to northeastern Oregon, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist, open to dense woods at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to northeastern Oregon, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist, open to dense woods at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
European weeping birch (Betula pendula)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon; also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas associated with urban and suburban development where the trees escape from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon; also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas associated with urban and suburban development where the trees escape from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hybrid birch (Betula ×utahensis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to the northern Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Moist, open to dense woodlands or swamps from lowlands to montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to the northern Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Moist, open to dense woodlands or swamps from lowlands to montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Paper birch (Betula papyrifera)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to northeastern Oregon, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist, open to dense woods at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to northeastern Oregon, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist, open to dense woods at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Red birch (Betula occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east in Canada to Ontario, east in the U.S. to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Moist areas, streambanks at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: February-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east in Canada to Ontario, east in the U.S. to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Moist areas, streambanks at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: February-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Resin birch (Betula glandulosa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountain States and to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Stream banks, margins of marshes, lakes and bogs, and on alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountain States and to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Stream banks, margins of marshes, lakes and bogs, and on alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
River birch (Betula occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east in Canada to Ontario, east in the U.S. to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Moist areas, streambanks at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: February-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east in Canada to Ontario, east in the U.S. to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Moist areas, streambanks at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: February-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Swamp birch (Betula glandulosa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountain States and to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Stream banks, margins of marshes, lakes and bogs, and on alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountain States and to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Stream banks, margins of marshes, lakes and bogs, and on alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Swamp birch (Betula pumila)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to Oregon, east to northern Idaho and western Montana, east to the Atlantic.
Habitat: Wet places, often in swamps and bogs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to Oregon, east to northern Idaho and western Montana, east to the Atlantic.
Habitat: Wet places, often in swamps and bogs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Water birch (Betula occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east in Canada to Ontario, east in the U.S. to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Moist areas, streambanks at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: February-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east in Canada to Ontario, east in the U.S. to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Moist areas, streambanks at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: February-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western paper birch (Betula papyrifera)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to northeastern Oregon, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist, open to dense woods at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to northeastern Oregon, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist, open to dense woods at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
White birch (Betula papyrifera)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to northeastern Oregon, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist, open to dense woods at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to northeastern Oregon, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist, open to dense woods at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Yakima bird's-beak (Cordylanthus capitatus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open woods and ridgelines from sagebrush desert to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open woods and ridgelines from sagebrush desert to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Anomalous biscuit-root (Lomatium anomalum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest chiefly in the southeastern counties of Washington; southeastern Washington to eastern Oregon, east to western Idaho and northwestern Montana.
Habitat: Open slopes, usually on clay soils.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest chiefly in the southeastern counties of Washington; southeastern Washington to eastern Oregon, east to western Idaho and northwestern Montana.
Habitat: Open slopes, usually on clay soils.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bare-stemmed biscuit-root (Lomatium nudicaule)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Dry, open areas, including on lithosols, from lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Dry, open areas, including on lithosols, from lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bradshaw's biscuit-root (Lomatium bradshawii)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Clark County in Washington; southwestern Washington to the Willamette Valley near Eugene, Oregon.
Habitat: Wet meadows at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Clark County in Washington; southwestern Washington to the Willamette Valley near Eugene, Oregon.
Habitat: Wet meadows at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Butterfly bearing biscuit-root (Lomatium papilioniferum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and open slopes at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and open slopes at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Canby's biscuit-root (Lomatium canbyi)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, chiefly in the Columbia River Basin; central Washington to northeastern Nevada, east to southwestern Idaho.
Habitat: Scablands and sagebrush steppe in rather deep soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, chiefly in the Columbia River Basin; central Washington to northeastern Nevada, east to southwestern Idaho.
Habitat: Scablands and sagebrush steppe in rather deep soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cascade biscuit-root (Lomatium martindalei)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern California.
Habitat: Dry meadows and rocky outcroppings from middle elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern California.
Habitat: Dry meadows and rocky outcroppings from middle elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common biscuit-root (Lomatium utriculatum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Grassy balds, prairies, meadows, and open slopes, often at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Grassy balds, prairies, meadows, and open slopes, often at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cous biscuit-root (Lomatium cous)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to northeast Nevada, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry, open, often rocky places often with sagebrush; common at low elevations, occasionally found at higher elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to northeast Nevada, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry, open, often rocky places often with sagebrush; common at low elevations, occasionally found at higher elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fern-leaved biscuit-root (Lomatium dissectum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, disjunct in west-central Idaho.
Habitat: Open areas from the valleys and foothills to middle elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, disjunct in west-central Idaho.
Habitat: Open areas from the valleys and foothills to middle elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fern-leaved biscuit-root (Lomatium multifidum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, often rocky slopes and dry meadows, lowlands to low alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, often rocky slopes and dry meadows, lowlands to low alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Gumbo biscuit-root (Lomatium leptocarpum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to southern Oregon, east to western Idaho.
Habitat: Seasonally wet, usually shallow-soil meadows, and micro-depressions in vernally wet, rocky sites, often with clay component.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to southern Oregon, east to western Idaho.
Habitat: Seasonally wet, usually shallow-soil meadows, and micro-depressions in vernally wet, rocky sites, often with clay component.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hoover's biscuit-root (Lomatium lithosolamans)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic to Kittitas and Yakima counties.
Habitat: Open, rocky, shallow soil on xeric sites at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic to Kittitas and Yakima counties.
Habitat: Open, rocky, shallow soil on xeric sites at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hoover's biscuit-root (Lomatium tuberosum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington, where endemic to Benton, Grant, Kittitas, and Yakima counties. Scattered locations in Yakima County, Washington, and adjacent counties.
Habitat: Rocky slopes and talus fields at middle elevations .
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington, where endemic to Benton, Grant, Kittitas, and Yakima counties. Scattered locations in Yakima County, Washington, and adjacent counties.
Habitat: Rocky slopes and talus fields at middle elevations .
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Klickitat biscuit-root (Lomatium klickitatense)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Columbia River Gorge area in Washington; south-central Washington to adjacent Oregon.
Habitat: Dry to seasonally moist, areas and forest openings at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the Columbia River Gorge area in Washington; south-central Washington to adjacent Oregon.
Habitat: Dry to seasonally moist, areas and forest openings at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Knoke's biscuit-root (Lomatium knokei)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic to Kittitas County.
Habitat: Open, vernally wet, gently sloping meadows of fine-textured clay soils at approximately 1200 meters.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic to Kittitas County.
Habitat: Open, vernally wet, gently sloping meadows of fine-textured clay soils at approximately 1200 meters.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Leiberg's biscuit-root (Lomatium tenuissimum)
Distribution: Historically occurring east of the Cascades crest along the eastern border of southern Washington; eastern Washington to adjacent western Idaho.
Habitat: Vernally moist meadows with fine-textured soils at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Historically occurring east of the Cascades crest along the eastern border of southern Washington; eastern Washington to adjacent western Idaho.
Habitat: Vernally moist meadows with fine-textured soils at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Linear-leaved biscuit-root (Lomatium linearifolium)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central Washington to north-central Oregon, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Open slopes and ridges, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central Washington to north-central Oregon, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Open slopes and ridges, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Narrowfruit biscuit-root (Lomatium brevifolium)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; north-central Washington to Hood River and Wasco counties in Oregon.
Habitat: Balds, slopes, and forest openings, often where rocky, from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; north-central Washington to Hood River and Wasco counties in Oregon.
Habitat: Balds, slopes, and forest openings, often where rocky, from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Nine-leaf biscuit-root (Lomatium simplex)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Moderately dry to moist grasslands and forest openings at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Moderately dry to moist grasslands and forest openings at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Nine-leaved biscuit-root (Lomatium anomalum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest chiefly in the southeastern counties of Washington; southeastern Washington to eastern Oregon, east to western Idaho and northwestern Montana.
Habitat: Open slopes, usually on clay soils.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest chiefly in the southeastern counties of Washington; southeastern Washington to eastern Oregon, east to western Idaho and northwestern Montana.
Habitat: Open slopes, usually on clay soils.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Northern biscuit-root (Lomatium farinosum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central Washington to western Idaho, disjunct in Wasco County, Oregon.
Habitat: Rocky slopes and scablands, often on lithosol and with sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central Washington to western Idaho, disjunct in Wasco County, Oregon.
Habitat: Rocky slopes and scablands, often on lithosol and with sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Piper's biscuit-root (Lomatium piperi)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: February-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; central Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: February-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Purple biscuit-root (Lomatium columbianum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the south-central and Columbia River Gorge areas in Washington; south-central Washington to Hood River and Wasco counties in Oregon.
Habitat: Open slopes in low elevation valleys to low montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the south-central and Columbia River Gorge areas in Washington; south-central Washington to Hood River and Wasco counties in Oregon.
Habitat: Open slopes in low elevation valleys to low montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ribseed biscuit-root (Lomatium tamanitchii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest at the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington, where endemic to Klickitat County.
Habitat: Open slopes and valleys, typically in clay-rich, silicic volcanic ash-derived soils at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest at the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington, where endemic to Klickitat County.
Habitat: Open slopes and valleys, typically in clay-rich, silicic volcanic ash-derived soils at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rollins's biscuit-root (Lomatium rollinsii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to the canyons of the Snake and lower Salmon Rivers in eastern Oregon and western Idaho.
Habitat: Open slopes in grasslands, on rocky or fine-textured, loess-derived soils, from valleys to the montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to the canyons of the Snake and lower Salmon Rivers in eastern Oregon and western Idaho.
Habitat: Open slopes in grasslands, on rocky or fine-textured, loess-derived soils, from valleys to the montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rone's biscuit-root (Lomatium roneorum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic to Chelan County.
Habitat: Open, rocky slopes in Ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic to Chelan County.
Habitat: Open, rocky slopes in Ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Salmon River biscuit-root (Lomatium salmoniflorum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to the Snake and Clearwater rivers in Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open, rocky slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: February-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to the Snake and Clearwater rivers in Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open, rocky slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: February-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sandberg's biscuit-root (Lomatium sandbergii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; southeastern British Columbia to northeastern Washington, east to southeastern Alberta and northwestern Montana.
Habitat: Rocky slopes and ridges at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; southeastern British Columbia to northeastern Washington, east to southeastern Alberta and northwestern Montana.
Habitat: Rocky slopes and ridges at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sessile-fruited fern-leaved biscuit-root (Lomatium dissectum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, disjunct in west-central Idaho.
Habitat: Open areas from the valleys and foothills to middle elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, disjunct in west-central Idaho.
Habitat: Open areas from the valleys and foothills to middle elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Short-leaved biscuit-root (Lomatium brevifolium)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; north-central Washington to Hood River and Wasco counties in Oregon.
Habitat: Balds, slopes, and forest openings, often where rocky, from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; north-central Washington to Hood River and Wasco counties in Oregon.
Habitat: Balds, slopes, and forest openings, often where rocky, from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Smooth biscuit-root (Lomatium laevigatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; south-central Washington to adjacent Oregon.
Habitat: Crevices is basalt cliffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; south-central Washington to adjacent Oregon.
Habitat: Crevices is basalt cliffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Snake Canyon biscuit-root (Lomatium serpentinum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to the Hells Canyon area of Oregon and Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open, often rocky slopes from lowland valleys to the montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the southeastern counties in Washington; southeastern Washington to the Hells Canyon area of Oregon and Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open, often rocky slopes from lowland valleys to the montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Suksdorf's biscuit-root (Lomatium suksdorfii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington at the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Klickitat County; south-central Washington to Hood River and Wasco counties in Oregon.
Habitat: Open slopes, forest edge and openings, often where dry, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington at the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Klickitat County; south-central Washington to Hood River and Wasco counties in Oregon.
Habitat: Open slopes, forest edge and openings, often where dry, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Thompson's biscuit-root (Lomatium thompsonii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Chelan and Kittitas counties.
Habitat: Open, rocky slopes and ponderosa pine forest openings, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Chelan and Kittitas counties.
Habitat: Open, rocky slopes and ponderosa pine forest openings, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Triternate biscuit-root (Lomatium triternatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta and western Montana.
Habitat: Open hillsides and slopes, forest edge and opening, typically where dry, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta and western Montana.
Habitat: Open hillsides and slopes, forest edge and opening, typically where dry, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Umptanum biscuit-root (Lomatium quintuplex)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington, where endemic to eastern Kittitas County and northeastern Yakima County.
Habitat: Generally in lithosol areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington, where endemic to eastern Kittitas County and northeastern Yakima County.
Habitat: Generally in lithosol areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Watson's biscuit-root (Lomatium watsonii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central and south-central Washington; central Washingotn to Wasco County, Oregon.
Habitat: Open hillsides, often with sagebrush, from valleys to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central and south-central Washington; central Washingotn to Wasco County, Oregon.
Habitat: Open hillsides, often with sagebrush, from valleys to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Wenatchee biscuit-root (Lomatium cuspidatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains of Chelan and Kittitas counties in Washington.
Habitat: Open, rocky slopes, often on serpentine, from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest, where endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains of Chelan and Kittitas counties in Washington.
Habitat: Open, rocky slopes, often on serpentine, from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Wyeth biscuit-root (Lomatium ambiguum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to northeast Oregon, east to southeastern Alberta, western Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Open, often rocky slopes and flats, from the foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to northeast Oregon, east to southeastern Alberta, western Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Open, often rocky slopes and flats, from the foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Angle-leaf bishop's-cap (Ozomelis diversifolia)
Distribution: Occurring from in southern Cascade Mountains from Mt. Adams south in Washington; Washington south to the Trinity Mountains of northwest California.
Habitat: Moist woods and stream banks at moderate to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring from in southern Cascade Mountains from Mt. Adams south in Washington; Washington south to the Trinity Mountains of northwest California.
Habitat: Moist woods and stream banks at moderate to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Coastal bishop's-cap (Brewerimitella ovalis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Deep, moist woodlands, bottomlands, and wet banks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Deep, moist woodlands, bottomlands, and wet banks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Feathery bishop's-cap (Brewerimitella breweri)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Five-stamen bishop's-cap (Pectiantia pentandra)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains of Canada and the U.S.
Habitat: Wet meadows and moist woods, especially along streams, lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains of Canada and the U.S.
Habitat: Wet meadows and moist woods, especially along streams, lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alpine bistort (Bistorta vivipara)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Damp areas, shady woods, meadows and streambanks at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Oregon and Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Damp areas, shady woods, meadows and streambanks at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
American bistort (Bistorta bistortoides)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist or swampy meadows, middle elevations in the mountains to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist or swampy meadows, middle elevations in the mountains to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western bistort (Bistorta bistortoides)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist or swampy meadows, middle elevations in the mountains to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist or swampy meadows, middle elevations in the mountains to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata)
Distribution: Widely distributed east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Nebraska.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and shrub-steppe to ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Nebraska.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and shrub-steppe to ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alpine bittercress (Cardamine bellidifolia)
Distribution: Occurring In the Olympics and Cascades mountains in Washington; Alaska to California, east across Canada to far northeastern North America
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring In the Olympics and Cascades mountains in Washington; Alaska to California, east across Canada to far northeastern North America
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Angled bittercress (Cardamine angulata)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northern California.
Habitat: Wet ground, especially along stream banks, often in deep woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northern California.
Habitat: Wet ground, especially along stream banks, often in deep woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Beautiful bittercress (Cardamine nuttallii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Seasonally moist soils of forest openings to forest understory, from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Seasonally moist soils of forest openings to forest understory, from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Brewer's bittercress (Cardamine breweri)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado
Habitat: Stream margins, wet meadows, pond shores, and other riparian areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado
Habitat: Stream margins, wet meadows, pond shores, and other riparian areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Few-seeded bittercress (Cardamine oligosperma)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more common west of the crest; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Widespread, but mostly in seasonally wet, open or forested areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more common west of the crest; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Widespread, but mostly in seasonally wet, open or forested areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Hairy bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more common west of the crest; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana, and throughout much of eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed ground at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more common west of the crest; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana, and throughout much of eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed ground at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Heart-leaved bittercress (Cardamine cordifolia)
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range and in southeastern Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Mountain stream banks to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range and in southeastern Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Mountain stream banks to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Large mountain bittercress (Cardamine cordifolia)
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range and in southeastern Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Mountain stream banks to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range and in southeastern Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Mountain stream banks to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Little western bittercress (Cardamine oligosperma)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more common west of the crest; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Widespread, but mostly in seasonally wet, open or forested areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more common west of the crest; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Widespread, but mostly in seasonally wet, open or forested areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Lyall's bittercress (Cardamine cordifolia)
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range and in southeastern Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Mountain stream banks to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range and in southeastern Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Mountain stream banks to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Pennsylvania bittercress (Cardamine pensylvanica)
Distribution: Widespread on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east through the Rockies to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist to wet soils, or on the margins of wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Widespread on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east through the Rockies to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist to wet soils, or on the margins of wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Quaker bittercress (Cardamine pensylvanica)
Distribution: Widespread on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east through the Rockies to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist to wet soils, or on the margins of wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Widespread on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east through the Rockies to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist to wet soils, or on the margins of wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Seaside bittercress (Cardamine angulata)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northern California.
Habitat: Wet ground, especially along stream banks, often in deep woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northern California.
Habitat: Wet ground, especially along stream banks, often in deep woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Siberian bittercress (Cardamine umbellata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to northern Washington, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Subalpine or alpine cliffs, talus slopes, and wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to northern Washington, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Subalpine or alpine cliffs, talus slopes, and wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Umbellate bittercress (Cardamine umbellata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to northern Washington, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Subalpine or alpine cliffs, talus slopes, and wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to northern Washington, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Subalpine or alpine cliffs, talus slopes, and wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Wavy bittercress (Cardamine flexuosa)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed ground, often where moist or shaded.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed ground, often where moist or shaded.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Western bittercress (Cardamine occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Muddy ground, lake margins, shallow streams, and wet meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Muddy ground, lake margins, shallow streams, and wet meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bitterroot (Lewisia rediviva)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, and Arizona.
Habitat: Open gravelly and rocky areas from sagebrush plains to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, and Arizona.
Habitat: Open gravelly and rocky areas from sagebrush plains to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Least bitterroot (Lewisia pygmaea)
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic and Cascade Mountains of Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, often gravelly, moist to rather dry areas, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic and Cascade Mountains of Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, often gravelly, moist to rather dry areas, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Nevada bitterroot (Lewisia nevadensis)
Distribution: Occurring along and east of the Cascades crest, and in the Blue Mountains in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, often gravelly, moist to mesic areas at middle elevations in the mountains to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring along and east of the Cascades crest, and in the Blue Mountains in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, often gravelly, moist to mesic areas at middle elevations in the mountains to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Three leaf bitterroot (Lewisia triphylla)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana and south in the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, usually sandy areas where vernally moist, ponderosa pine forests to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana and south in the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, usually sandy areas where vernally moist, ponderosa pine forests to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest; British Columbia to California, east across much of the North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open meadows and disturbed places.
Origin: Introduced from further east in North America
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest; British Columbia to California, east across much of the North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open meadows and disturbed places.
Origin: Introduced from further east in North America
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Green-headed black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia laciniata)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, otherwise Rocky Mountains east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Streambanks and other moist, disturbed places.
Origin: Introduced from further east in North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, otherwise Rocky Mountains east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Streambanks and other moist, disturbed places.
Origin: Introduced from further east in North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Showy black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia alpicola)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, bogs, and along streams in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, bogs, and along streams in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Tall black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia laciniata)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, otherwise Rocky Mountains east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Streambanks and other moist, disturbed places.
Origin: Introduced from further east in North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, otherwise Rocky Mountains east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Streambanks and other moist, disturbed places.
Origin: Introduced from further east in North America
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Washington showy black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia alpicola)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, bogs, and along streams in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, bogs, and along streams in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Wenatchee Mountain showy black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia alpicola)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, bogs, and along streams in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains.
Habitat: Thickets, bogs, and along streams in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist meadows and forest openings at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist meadows and forest openings at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western chocolate black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist meadows and forest openings at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist meadows and forest openings at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Maryland black-snakeroot (Sanicula marilandica)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the northeastern counties in Washington; Eastern British Columbia to northeast Washington, east to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Moist, low ground, less often on moist, wooded slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the northeastern counties in Washington; Eastern British Columbia to northeast Washington, east to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Moist, low ground, less often on moist, wooded slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Purple black-snakeroot (Sanicula bipinnatifida)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Balds, forest edge, and other open to partially shaded areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Balds, forest edge, and other open to partially shaded areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sierran black-snakeroot (Sanicula graveolens)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Common in open woods, balds, and thickets at low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Common in open woods, balds, and thickets at low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Allegheny blackberry (Rubus allegheniensis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Washington and California (but apparently not Oregon), east to Idaho; also from the central Great Plains to eastern North America.
Habitat: Damp thickets, peatlands, and forest openings.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Washington and California (but apparently not Oregon), east to Idaho; also from the central Great Plains to eastern North America.
Habitat: Damp thickets, peatlands, and forest openings.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common blackberry (Rubus allegheniensis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Washington and California (but apparently not Oregon), east to Idaho; also from the central Great Plains to eastern North America.
Habitat: Damp thickets, peatlands, and forest openings.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Washington and California (but apparently not Oregon), east to Idaho; also from the central Great Plains to eastern North America.
Habitat: Damp thickets, peatlands, and forest openings.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North America
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cut-leaf blackberry (Rubus laciniatus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Roadsides, forest understory and edge, thickets, and other disturbed areas, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Roadsides, forest understory and edge, thickets, and other disturbed areas, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dwarf red blackberry (Rubus pubescens)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Stream banks and moist woods to clearings where moderately dry, middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Stream banks and moist woods to clearings where moderately dry, middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Elm-leaf blackberry (Rubus ulmifolius)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California and Nevada; also in New Jersey.
Habitat: Fields, thickets, forest edge, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced Europe and northern Africa
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California and Nevada; also in New Jersey.
Habitat: Fields, thickets, forest edge, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced Europe and northern Africa
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
European blackberry (Rubus vestitus)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, also reported from Idaho.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, also reported from Idaho.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Evergreen blackberry (Rubus laciniatus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Roadsides, forest understory and edge, thickets, and other disturbed areas, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Roadsides, forest understory and edge, thickets, and other disturbed areas, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Himalayan blackberry (Rubus bifrons)
Distribution: Occurrng on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, southern Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, riparian zones, and forest edges at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurrng on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, southern Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, riparian zones, and forest edges at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Pacific blackberry (Rubus ursinus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Open to fairly dense woodlands, thickets, and balds, sea level to middle elevations in the mountains; common in logged areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Open to fairly dense woodlands, thickets, and balds, sea level to middle elevations in the mountains; common in logged areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Pennsylvania blackberry (Rubus pensilvanicus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California also occurring in western Idaho; otherwise in central and eastern North America, where native.
Habitat: Damp slopes, dry forests, and thickets.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California also occurring in western Idaho; otherwise in central and eastern North America, where native.
Habitat: Damp slopes, dry forests, and thickets.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Trailing blackberry (Rubus ursinus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Open to fairly dense woodlands, thickets, and balds, sea level to middle elevations in the mountains; common in logged areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Open to fairly dense woodlands, thickets, and balds, sea level to middle elevations in the mountains; common in logged areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western blackhaw (Viburnum ellipticum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest chiefly along the southern border in Washington; southern Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Thickets, bottom lands, and open woods at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest chiefly along the southern border in Washington; southern Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Thickets, bottom lands, and open woods at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to southern Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Moist draws, thickets, hillsides, roadsides, and railroads.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to southern Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Moist draws, thickets, hillsides, roadsides, and railroads.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Red bladder-vetch (Sphaerophysa salsula)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades in Washington, chiefly in the central part of the state; Washington to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Alkaline soil at low elevations, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades in Washington, chiefly in the central part of the state; Washington to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Alkaline soil at low elevations, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Columbia bladderpod (Physaria douglasii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern Oregon, east to northwestern Montana.
Habitat: Common in sagebrush desert, especially near or in juniper or ponderosa pine woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern Oregon, east to northwestern Montana.
Habitat: Common in sagebrush desert, especially near or in juniper or ponderosa pine woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Douglas' bladderpod (Physaria douglasii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern Oregon, east to northwestern Montana.
Habitat: Common in sagebrush desert, especially near or in juniper or ponderosa pine woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern Oregon, east to northwestern Montana.
Habitat: Common in sagebrush desert, especially near or in juniper or ponderosa pine woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western bladderpod (Physaria occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington, where known from a historic (1899) population on Mt. Adams. Washington to California, east to Idaho, Utah, and Nevada.
Habitat: Open, rocky slopes at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern Washington, where known from a historic (1899) population on Mt. Adams. Washington to California, east to Idaho, Utah, and Nevada.
Habitat: Open, rocky slopes at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common bladderwort (Utricularia vulgaris)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Lakes, ponds, swamps, and slow-moving streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Lakes, ponds, swamps, and slow-moving streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dwarf bladderwort (Utricularia ochroleuca)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Klickitat County in Washington, but likely occurring elsewhere; Alaska to California, east across northern half of North America to Greenland; Eurasia.
Habitat: Ponds and lakes in shallow to somewhat deeper waters.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Klickitat County in Washington, but likely occurring elsewhere; Alaska to California, east across northern half of North America to Greenland; Eurasia.
Habitat: Ponds and lakes in shallow to somewhat deeper waters.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Flat-leaved bladderwort (Utricularia intermedia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; circumboreal; widely distributed throughout North America except in Central Plains, Gulf Coast, and Southeast.
Habitat: Shallow, standing or slowly moving water.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; circumboreal; widely distributed throughout North America except in Central Plains, Gulf Coast, and Southeast.
Habitat: Shallow, standing or slowly moving water.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Greater bladderwort (Utricularia vulgaris)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Lakes, ponds, swamps, and slow-moving streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Lakes, ponds, swamps, and slow-moving streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Humped bladderwort (Utricularia gibba)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in Idaho and Montana; central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Emergent aquatic in lakes and ponds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in Idaho and Montana; central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Emergent aquatic in lakes and ponds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Lesser bladderwort (Utricularia minor)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast north of Virginia.
Habitat: Shallow, standing or slowly moving water.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast north of Virginia.
Habitat: Shallow, standing or slowly moving water.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mountain bladderwort (Utricularia intermedia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; circumboreal; widely distributed throughout North America except in Central Plains, Gulf Coast, and Southeast.
Habitat: Shallow, standing or slowly moving water.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; circumboreal; widely distributed throughout North America except in Central Plains, Gulf Coast, and Southeast.
Habitat: Shallow, standing or slowly moving water.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Swollen bladderwort (Utricularia inflata)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; also occurring in eastern North America, where native.
Habitat: Emergent aquatic in lakes and ponds.
Origin: Introduced from southeast United States
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; also occurring in eastern North America, where native.
Habitat: Emergent aquatic in lakes and ponds.
Origin: Introduced from southeast United States
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Swollen-spurred bladderwort (Utricularia gibba)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in Idaho and Montana; central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Emergent aquatic in lakes and ponds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in Idaho and Montana; central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Emergent aquatic in lakes and ponds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Blanket flower (Gaillardia aristata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bushy blazing-star (Mentzelia dispersa)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to southern California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry soil, from the plains into the canyons and slopes of the lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to southern California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry soil, from the plains into the canyons and slopes of the lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Giant blazing-star (Mentzelia laevicaulis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry, often rocky or gravelly soil, desert valleys to lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry, often rocky or gravelly soil, desert valleys to lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Mountain blazing-star (Mentzelia montana)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas.
Habitat: Montane slopes and forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas.
Habitat: Montane slopes and forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
White-stem blazing-star (Mentzelia albicaulis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry, usually sandy soil in the shrub-steppe to the foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry, usually sandy soil in the shrub-steppe to the foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Pacific bleedingheart (Dicentra formosa)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington, but also occurring from southeastern Washington; British Columbia to California, also in northeastern Oregon and adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Moist woods, from the coast to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington, but also occurring from southeastern Washington; British Columbia to California, also in northeastern Oregon and adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Moist woods, from the coast to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Blepharipappus (Blepharipappus scaber)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to California, east to Idaho and northwest Nevada.
Habitat: Grasslands, open slopes, forest edge, sagebrush desert, and other open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to California, east to Idaho and northwest Nevada.
Habitat: Grasslands, open slopes, forest edge, sagebrush desert, and other open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Water blinks (Montia fontana)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho, eastward across northern Canada to eastern North America.
Habitat: Wet places, including meadows, fields, lawns, and vernally moist sites, sometimes aquatic and floating, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Idaho, eastward across northern Canada to eastern North America.
Habitat: Wet places, including meadows, fields, lawns, and vernally moist sites, sometimes aquatic and floating, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Strawberry blite (Blitum capitatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast primarily in the northern half of North America.
Habitat: Open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast primarily in the northern half of North America.
Habitat: Open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Alaska blue-eyed grass (Sisyrinchium littorale)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in coastal areas in Washington; Alaska to Oregon
Habitat: Coastal moist, sandy or grassy areas, interdunal depressions, edges of streams and lakes
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in coastal areas in Washington; Alaska to Oregon
Habitat: Coastal moist, sandy or grassy areas, interdunal depressions, edges of streams and lakes
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Golden blue-eyed grass (Sisyrinchium californicum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern Vancouver Island, B.C, to southern California.
Habitat: Wet ground, especially at the edges of lakes and bogs, at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-November
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern Vancouver Island, B.C, to southern California.
Habitat: Wet ground, especially at the edges of lakes and bogs, at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-November
Growth Duration: Perennial
Idaho blue-eyed grass (Sisyrinchium idahoense)
Distribution: Widely distributed across Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and New Mexico.
Habitat: Vernally wet areas and marshes, near sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed across Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and New Mexico.
Habitat: Vernally wet areas and marshes, near sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Northern blue-eyed grass (Sisyrinchium septentrionale)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; Northwest Territory to northeastern Washington, east to Saskatchewan.
Habitat: Mesic to dry meadows and stream banks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; Northwest Territory to northeastern Washington, east to Saskatchewan.
Habitat: Mesic to dry meadows and stream banks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Shore blue-eyed grass (Sisyrinchium littorale)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in coastal areas in Washington; Alaska to Oregon
Habitat: Coastal moist, sandy or grassy areas, interdunal depressions, edges of streams and lakes
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in coastal areas in Washington; Alaska to Oregon
Habitat: Coastal moist, sandy or grassy areas, interdunal depressions, edges of streams and lakes
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Strict blue-eyed grass (Sisyrinchium montanum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; Yukon Territory to Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Moist meadows, stream banks, and for openings at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; Yukon Territory to Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Moist meadows, stream banks, and for openings at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Blue-lips blue-eyed Mary (Collinsia grandiflora)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open, moist to rather dry areas, low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open, moist to rather dry areas, low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Few-flowered blue-eyed Mary (Collinsia sparsiflora)
Distribution: Occurring in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to adjacent northern Oregon, east to western Idaho.
Habitat: Open slopes, swales, forest edge, and balds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to adjacent northern Oregon, east to western Idaho.
Habitat: Open slopes, swales, forest edge, and balds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Growth Duration: Annual
Large-flowered blue-eyed Mary (Collinsia grandiflora)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open, moist to rather dry areas, low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open, moist to rather dry areas, low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Small-flowered blue-eyed Mary (Collinsia parviflora)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California and Colorado, east to Ontario and Michigan.
Habitat: Lowlands to alpine meadows in vernally (springtime) moist areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California and Colorado, east to Ontario and Michigan.
Habitat: Lowlands to alpine meadows in vernally (springtime) moist areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Baby blue-eyes (Nemophila menziesii)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where largely known as a garden escape; native from southwestern Oregon to southern California.
Habitat: In our area a garden escape to open areas; in its native range found in meadows, roadbanks, and woodland.
Origin: Introduced from California and Oregon
Flowers: May-june
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where largely known as a garden escape; native from southwestern Oregon to southern California.
Habitat: In our area a garden escape to open areas; in its native range found in meadows, roadbanks, and woodland.
Origin: Introduced from California and Oregon
Flowers: May-june
Growth Duration: Annual
Blue-lily (Triteleia grandiflora)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington, but also occurring in the north Puget Sound area; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Wyoming and Utah.
Habitat: Prairies, grasslands, balds and forest openings, often where seasonally dry, from the coast to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington, but also occurring in the north Puget Sound area; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Wyoming and Utah.
Habitat: Prairies, grasslands, balds and forest openings, often where seasonally dry, from the coast to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Broadleaf bluebell (Mertensia platyphylla)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where currently considered endemic.
Habitat: Stream banks and moist, low woods at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where currently considered endemic.
Habitat: Stream banks and moist, low woods at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common bluebell (Hyacinthoides ×massartiana)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows, fields, grassy balds, and other open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows, fields, grassy balds, and other open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Garden bluebell (Hyacinthoides ×massartiana)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows, fields, grassy balds, and other open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows, fields, grassy balds, and other open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hybrid bluebell (Hyacinthoides ×massartiana)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows, fields, grassy balds, and other open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows, fields, grassy balds, and other open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Northern bluebell (Mertensia paniculata)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Montana, also in the Great Lakes region and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Streambanks and wet meadows at mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Montana, also in the Great Lakes region and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Streambanks and wet meadows at mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Shade bluebell (Mertensia umbratilis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon.
Habitat: Forest openings and seasonally moist areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon.
Habitat: Forest openings and seasonally moist areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Tall bluebell (Mertensia paniculata)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Montana, also in the Great Lakes region and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Streambanks and wet meadows at mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Montana, also in the Great Lakes region and eastern Canada.
Habitat: Streambanks and wet meadows at mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bluebell-of-scotland (Campanula rotundifolia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington Alaska to California, east across NorthAmerica to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas from low elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington Alaska to California, east across NorthAmerica to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas from low elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Beautiful bluebells (Mertensia amoena)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington to Montana, south to Wyoming and Utah.
Habitat: Seasonally moist slopes and rocky areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington to Montana, south to Wyoming and Utah.
Habitat: Seasonally moist slopes and rocky areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Leafy bluebells (Mertensia foliosa)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, Montana, Wyoming, Utah, and Nevada.
Habitat: Deeper soils in sagebrush habitat.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, Montana, Wyoming, Utah, and Nevada.
Habitat: Deeper soils in sagebrush habitat.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Long-flowered bluebells (Mertensia longiflora)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Drier areas from low elevation sagebrush deserts to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Drier areas from low elevation sagebrush deserts to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mountain bluebells (Mertensia ciliata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Stream banks, wet meadows, damp thickets, and wet cliffs, from the foothills to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Stream banks, wet meadows, damp thickets, and wet cliffs, from the foothills to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sagebrush bluebells (Mertensia amoena)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington to Montana, south to Wyoming and Utah.
Habitat: Seasonally moist slopes and rocky areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington to Montana, south to Wyoming and Utah.
Habitat: Seasonally moist slopes and rocky areas in sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Short-sepaled bluebells (Mertensia brachycalyx)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Stream and riverbanks, wet meadows, and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Stream and riverbanks, wet meadows, and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Streamside bluebells (Mertensia ciliata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Stream banks, wet meadows, damp thickets, and wet cliffs, from the foothills to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Stream banks, wet meadows, damp thickets, and wet cliffs, from the foothills to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Tall fringed bluebells (Mertensia ciliata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Stream banks, wet meadows, damp thickets, and wet cliffs, from the foothills to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Stream banks, wet meadows, damp thickets, and wet cliffs, from the foothills to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Trumpet bluebells (Mertensia longiflora)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Drier areas from low elevation sagebrush deserts to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Drier areas from low elevation sagebrush deserts to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alaska blueberry (Vaccinium ovalifolium)
Distribution: Occurring in forested and mountainous areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta and Idaho, in the Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada; eastern Asia.
Habitat: Coniferous forests and open slopes from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in forested and mountainous areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta and Idaho, in the Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada; eastern Asia.
Habitat: Coniferous forests and open slopes from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bog blueberry (Vaccinium uliginosum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Nevada, Utah, Wyoming and Montana, east across northern North America to the Atlantic.
Habitat: Bogs and fens from low elevation to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Nevada, Utah, Wyoming and Montana, east across northern North America to the Atlantic.
Habitat: Bogs and fens from low elevation to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cascade blueberry (Vaccinium deliciosum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Forest openings and mountain meadows, mid- to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Forest openings and mountain meadows, mid- to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dwarf blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Forest openings at middle elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Forest openings at middle elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
High-bush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to southwestern Oregon; native from southern Great Plains to eastern North America.
Habitat: Open swamps, sandy margins of ponds and lakes.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North Amercia
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to southwestern Oregon; native from southern Great Plains to eastern North America.
Habitat: Open swamps, sandy margins of ponds and lakes.
Origin: Introduced from central and eastern North Amercia
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Low blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Forest openings at middle elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Forest openings at middle elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Oval-leaf blueberry (Vaccinium ovalifolium)
Distribution: Occurring in forested and mountainous areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta and Idaho, in the Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada; eastern Asia.
Habitat: Coniferous forests and open slopes from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in forested and mountainous areas on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta and Idaho, in the Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada; eastern Asia.
Habitat: Coniferous forests and open slopes from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rainier blueberry (Vaccinium deliciosum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Forest openings and mountain meadows, mid- to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Forest openings and mountain meadows, mid- to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Square-twig blueberry (Vaccinium membranaceum)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Common in dry to moist coniferous forests and open areas, moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Common in dry to moist coniferous forests and open areas, moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common bluecup (Githopsis specularioides)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Dry, open places in the valleys and foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Dry, open places in the valleys and foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Mountain bluecurls (Trichostema oblongum)
Distribution: East of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Moist, open places, often on disturbed soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: East of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Moist, open places, often on disturbed soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Alaska bluegrass (Poa paucispicula)
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range and Olympic Mountains in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, mesic, rocky alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range and Olympic Mountains in Washington; Alaska to Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, mesic, rocky alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alpine bluegrass (Poa alpina)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Annual bluegrass (Poa annua)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lawns, fields, parking lots, sidewalks, roadsides, wastelots, prairies and grassy balds, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Lawns, fields, parking lots, sidewalks, roadsides, wastelots, prairies and grassy balds, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
Arctic bluegrass (Poa arctica)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Rocky Mountains; circumpolar.
Habitat: Subalpine and alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Rocky Mountains; circumpolar.
Habitat: Subalpine and alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bolander's bluegrass (Poa bolanderi)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Coniferous forest openings, montane to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Coniferous forest openings, montane to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Bulbous bluegrass (Poa bulbosa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas from the coast to midmontane.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas from the coast to midmontane.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Coastline bluegrass (Poa confinis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington along the coast; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Coastal sand dunes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington along the coast; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Coastal sand dunes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cusick's bluegrass (Poa cusickii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Saskatchewan and Colorado.
Habitat: Sagebrush plains to alpine meadows and ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Saskatchewan and Colorado.
Habitat: Sagebrush plains to alpine meadows and ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Flat-stem bluegrass (Poa compressa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Waste ground, roadsides, open woods and meadows, usually where moist.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Waste ground, roadsides, open woods and meadows, usually where moist.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Fowl bluegrass (Poa palustris)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sea level to open meadows and forested areas in the mountains, always where moist.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sea level to open meadows and forested areas in the mountains, always where moist.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Glaucous bluegrass (Poa glauca)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, and further east to northeastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, and further east to northeastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hooker's bluegrass (Poa nervosa)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Wet rocks and cliffs to mesic forest slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Wet rocks and cliffs to mesic forest slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Howell's bluegrass (Poa howellii)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Lowland to montane rocky banks, forested slopes, and disturbed areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Lowland to montane rocky banks, forested slopes, and disturbed areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Interior bluegrass (Poa interior)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to northern Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry to mesic forest and alpine areas, on mossy rocks and scree.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to northern Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry to mesic forest and alpine areas, on mossy rocks and scree.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast: circumboreal.
Habitat: Moist, distrurbed areas from the coast to middle elevations.
Origin: Both native and introduced
Flowers: April-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast: circumboreal.
Habitat: Moist, distrurbed areas from the coast to middle elevations.
Origin: Both native and introduced
Flowers: April-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Leiberg's bluegrass (Poa leibergii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to northeastern Nevada, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Lowland to montane mossy slopes and moist rocky sites.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; south-central Washington to northeastern Nevada, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Lowland to montane mossy slopes and moist rocky sites.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Letterman's bluegrass (Poa lettermanii)
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Mesic to wet, rocky, alpine slopes
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Mesic to wet, rocky, alpine slopes
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Little mountain bluegrass (Poa curtifolia)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington, where endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains.
Habitat: Rocky subalpine and alpine areas, typically on serpentine or ultramafic rock.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington, where endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains.
Habitat: Rocky subalpine and alpine areas, typically on serpentine or ultramafic rock.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Loose-flower bluegrass (Poa laxiflora)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Southern Alaska to northwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Moist woods to rocky, open slopes, from near sea level to lower elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Southern Alaska to northwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Moist woods to rocky, open slopes, from near sea level to lower elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Marsh bluegrass (Poa leptocoma)
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range and Olympic Mountains in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; also in Far Eastern Russia.
Habitat: Margins of lakes, ponds, and streams, subalpine to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades Range and Olympic Mountains in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; also in Far Eastern Russia.
Habitat: Margins of lakes, ponds, and streams, subalpine to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Narrow-flowered bluegrass (Poa stenantha)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Meadows and cliffs from middle elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Meadows and cliffs from middle elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rough-stalk bluegrass (Poa trivialis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist deciduous forest, riparian areas, disturbed grassland, and lawns at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist deciduous forest, riparian areas, disturbed grassland, and lawns at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sand-dune bluegrass (Poa macrantha)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; southern Alaska to California.
Habitat: Sand dunes along the marine coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; southern Alaska to California.
Habitat: Sand dunes along the marine coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sea-bluff bluegrass (Poa unilateralis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern Washington to California.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern Washington to California.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Suksdorf's bluegrass (Poa suksdorfii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to central Oregon.
Habitat: Open, rocky ground in alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to central Oregon.
Habitat: Open, rocky ground in alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Weak bluegrass (Poa infirma)
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Wenatchees bluegrass (Poa curtifolia)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington, where endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains.
Habitat: Rocky subalpine and alpine areas, typically on serpentine or ultramafic rock.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington, where endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains.
Habitat: Rocky subalpine and alpine areas, typically on serpentine or ultramafic rock.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western bluegrass (Poa suksdorfii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to central Oregon.
Habitat: Open, rocky ground in alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; south-central British Columbia to central Oregon.
Habitat: Open, rocky ground in alpine areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Wheeler's bluegrass (Poa wheeleri)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry forest, sagebrush desert, and meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry forest, sagebrush desert, and meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Withered bluegrass (Poa marcida)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern Vancouver Island to northwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Openings in rich, mesic, generally old-growth coniferous forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern Vancouver Island to northwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Openings in rich, mesic, generally old-growth coniferous forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Woodland bluegrass (Poa nemoralis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Caiifornia; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Mesic, generally shady habitats at lower elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Caiifornia; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Mesic, generally shady habitats at lower elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Woods bluegrass (Poa interior)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to northern Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry to mesic forest and alpine areas, on mossy rocks and scree.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to northern Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry to mesic forest and alpine areas, on mossy rocks and scree.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Broom bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, but apparently not in Oregon, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, but apparently not in Oregon, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, but apparently not in Oregon, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, but apparently not in Oregon, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mountain bluet (Centaurea montana)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Montana, Idaho, and Utah, also from Great Lakes region to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, shores, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Montana, Idaho, and Utah, also from Great Lakes region to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, shores, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Blueweed (Helianthus ciliaris)
Distribution: Known historically from east of the Cascades crest in Yakima County, where presumably eliminated by herbicide treatment due to it being a noxious weed; California, east across the southwestern U.S. to the southern Great Plains and Illinois.
Habitat: Disturbed, open ground in sagebrush.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Known historically from east of the Cascades crest in Yakima County, where presumably eliminated by herbicide treatment due to it being a noxious weed; California, east across the southwestern U.S. to the southern Great Plains and Illinois.
Habitat: Disturbed, open ground in sagebrush.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Many-spiked bog cotton (Eriophorum angustifolium)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Cold swamps and bogs at middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Cold swamps and bogs at middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western bog laurel (Kalmia microphylla)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Great Plains and Ontario.
Habitat: In moist and wetland areas from the coast to higher elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the northern Great Plains and Ontario.
Habitat: In moist and wetland areas from the coast to higher elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bog-candle (Platanthera dilatata)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest through the mountainous and forested areas of Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; also from the Great Lakes region east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet meadows, forest openings, and streambanks from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest through the mountainous and forested areas of Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; also from the Great Lakes region east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet meadows, forest openings, and streambanks from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Boreal bog-orchid (Platanthera dilatata)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest through the mountainous and forested areas of Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; also from the Great Lakes region east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet meadows, forest openings, and streambanks from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest through the mountainous and forested areas of Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; also from the Great Lakes region east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet meadows, forest openings, and streambanks from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Northern green bog-orchid (Platanthera huronensis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains; also from north-central to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Moist to boggy areas, often on limestone, low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains; also from north-central to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Moist to boggy areas, often on limestone, low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Small northern bog-orchid (Platanthera obtusata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Okanogan County, Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Montana, Wyoming and Colorado, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America; Eurasia.
Habitat: Damp to wet forests at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Okanogan County, Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Montana, Wyoming and Colorado, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America; Eurasia.
Habitat: Damp to wet forests at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sword bogmat (Wolffiella gladiata)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; central and eastern U.S., where native.
Habitat: Ponds, lakes, and bogs at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from eastern United States
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; central and eastern U.S., where native.
Habitat: Ponds, lakes, and bogs at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from eastern United States
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western boneset (Ageratina occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Utah, and Nevada.
Habitat: Rocky places at various altitudes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Utah, and Nevada.
Habitat: Rocky places at various altitudes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Borage (Borago officinalis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Waste ground and disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from southern Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Waste ground and disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from southern Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Common borage (Borago officinalis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Waste ground and disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from southern Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Waste ground and disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from southern Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Bottlebrush (Elymus elymoides)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to southern California, east to the Great Plains and eastern North America.
Habitat: Dry and rocky to moist habitats, from along the coast to inland desert plains and prairies, and to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to southern California, east to the Great Plains and eastern North America.
Habitat: Dry and rocky to moist habitats, from along the coast to inland desert plains and prairies, and to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bouncing-bet (Saponaria officinalis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Rocky stream corridors, forest edge, roadsides, and other disturbed, open areas from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Rocky stream corridors, forest edge, roadsides, and other disturbed, open areas from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Box elder (Acer negundo)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Occasionally escapes from cultivation, chiefly in disturbed areas or riparian zones.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America, escaped from cultivation
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Occasionally escapes from cultivation, chiefly in disturbed areas or riparian zones.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America, escaped from cultivation
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Oregon boxleaf (Paxistima myrsinites)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sea-level to alpine in forest understory, forest edge; balds, and rocky openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sea-level to alpine in forest understory, forest edge; balds, and rocky openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Greater boykinia (Boykinia intermedia)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington; Washington south along the coast to central Oregon.
Habitat: Moist woods, meadows, streambanks, roadside ditches.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington; Washington south along the coast to central Oregon.
Habitat: Moist woods, meadows, streambanks, roadside ditches.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Common in moist to dry woods, open slopes and disturbed sites
Origin: Native
Spores: Spores April-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Common in moist to dry woods, open slopes and disturbed sites
Origin: Native
Spores: Spores April-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dwarf bramble (Rubus lasiococcus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist to dry woods, lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist to dry woods, lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Snow dwarf bramble (Rubus nivalis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to southwest Oregon, also in west-central Idaho.
Habitat: Open to deeply shaded, usually moist areas in the mountains at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to southwest Oregon, also in west-central Idaho.
Habitat: Open to deeply shaded, usually moist areas in the mountains at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Strawberry bramble (Rubus pedatus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist areas, open banks to dense forests, near sea level to timberline
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist areas, open banks to dense forests, near sea level to timberline
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Wool breeches (Hydrophyllum capitatum)
Distribution: Occurring mostly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist, open slopes and woodlands, foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring mostly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist, open slopes and woodlands, foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Narrow-leaved brickellbush (Brickellia oblongifolia)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry, often rocky places from lowland sagebrush desert to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry, often rocky places from lowland sagebrush desert to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Small-leaved brickellbush (Brickellia microphylla)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to California, east to Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, and Arizona.
Habitat: Dry, rocky foothills, canyons, washes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to California, east to Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, and Arizona.
Habitat: Dry, rocky foothills, canyons, washes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Tasselflower brickellbush (Brickellia grandiflora)
Distribution: Occasional east of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon.
Habitat: Openings in woods at moderate elevations, sometimes in plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occasional east of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon.
Habitat: Openings in woods at moderate elevations, sometimes in plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bride's-bonnet (Clintonia uniflora)
Distribution: Occurring in forested and mountainous areas throughout Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist coniferous forests, from the foothills to fairly high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in forested and mountainous areas throughout Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist coniferous forests, from the foothills to fairly high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Green bristlegrass (Setaria viridis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Hooked bristlegrass (Setaria verticillata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Alaska, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weed of gardens, irrigated areas and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Alaska, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weed of gardens, irrigated areas and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Italian bristlegrass (Setaria italica)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Rough bristlegrass (Setaria verticillata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Alaska, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weed of gardens, irrigated areas and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Alaska, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Weed of gardens, irrigated areas and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Yellow bristlegrass (Setaria pumila)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Bristlehead (Rigiopappus leptocladus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low elevations; sagebrush and grasslands area
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low elevations; sagebrush and grasslands area
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Crown brodiaea (Brodiaea coronaria)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Grasslands, balds, prairies, and open hillsides at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Grasslands, balds, prairies, and open hillsides at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Harvest brodiaea (Brodiaea coronaria)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Grasslands, balds, prairies, and open hillsides at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Grasslands, balds, prairies, and open hillsides at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Indian Valley brodiaea (Brodiaea rosea)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Coastal balds and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Coastal balds and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
White brodiaea (Triteleia hyacinthina)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts and grassy, often rocky areas from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts and grassy, often rocky areas from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alaska brome (Bromus sitchensis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains
Habitat: Dry to moist open areas from lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains
Habitat: Dry to moist open areas from lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Arctic brome (Bromus pumpellianus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Stream banks, lake shores, sand dunes, meadows, grassy slopes, and roadsides
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Stream banks, lake shores, sand dunes, meadows, grassy slopes, and roadsides
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Australian brome (Bromus arenarius)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Californai, east to Nevada and Arizona.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Californai, east to Nevada and Arizona.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Bald brome (Bromus racemosus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Chinook brome (Bromus orcuttianus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern Washington to California, east to Nevada and Arizona.
Habitat: Dry hillsides, rocky slopes, montane meadows, and open coniferous forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern Washington to California, east to Nevada and Arizona.
Habitat: Dry hillsides, rocky slopes, montane meadows, and open coniferous forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Columbian brome (Bromus vulgaris)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south along the coast to northern California, east to Alberta, Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Shaded to open woods or moist to dry banks, from near sea level to mountain meadows and dry, rocky slopes at 6000' elevation.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south along the coast to northern California, east to Alberta, Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Shaded to open woods or moist to dry banks, from near sea level to mountain meadows and dry, rocky slopes at 6000' elevation.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Corn brome (Bromus squarrosus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east in scattered locations to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open, disturbed areas including fields, meadows, and forest openings.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east in scattered locations to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open, disturbed areas including fields, meadows, and forest openings.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
False brome (Brachypodium sylvaticum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to California; also in Virginia.
Habitat: Roadsides, forest edge, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced Eurasia and North Africa
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to California; also in Virginia.
Habitat: Roadsides, forest edge, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced Eurasia and North Africa
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Fox-tail brome (Bromus rubens)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; south-central Washington to California, east to Idaho, Utah and Arizona.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas including overgrazed lands.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in south-central Washington; south-central Washington to California, east to Idaho, Utah and Arizona.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas including overgrazed lands.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Fringed brome (Bromus ciliatus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Damp meadows, thickets, woodlands, and stream banks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Damp meadows, thickets, woodlands, and stream banks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Great brome (Bromus diandrus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, southern Great Plains, and in eastern North America.
Habitat: Grassy balds, prairies, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, southern Great Plains, and in eastern North America.
Habitat: Grassy balds, prairies, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and grasslands to lower mountain forests; often a weed of roadsides and waste land.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and grasslands to lower mountain forests; often a weed of roadsides and waste land.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Meadow brome (Bromus commutatus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Waste ground, meadows, and roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Waste ground, meadows, and roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Pacific brome (Bromus pacificus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows and forest openingsat low elevations, often near or along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows and forest openingsat low elevations, often near or along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Poverty brome (Bromus sterilis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, the southern Rocky Mountains, and Texas; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Fields, grassy balds, roadside, wastelots, and other disturbed places.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Southern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, the southern Rocky Mountains, and Texas; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Fields, grassy balds, roadside, wastelots, and other disturbed places.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Rattlesnake brome (Bromus briziformis)
Distribution: Southern British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho and Montana; occasional in eastern United States.
Habitat: Waste ground, roadsides, and overgrazed areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: Late May - July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Southern British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho and Montana; occasional in eastern United States.
Habitat: Waste ground, roadsides, and overgrazed areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: Late May - July
Growth Duration: Annual
Ripgut brome (Bromus diandrus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, southern Great Plains, and in eastern North America.
Habitat: Grassy balds, prairies, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, southern Great Plains, and in eastern North America.
Habitat: Grassy balds, prairies, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Rye brome (Bromus secalinus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed, open ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed, open ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Sitka brome (Bromus sitchensis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains
Habitat: Dry to moist open areas from lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains
Habitat: Dry to moist open areas from lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Smooth brome (Bromus inermis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, meadows, parks, and other disturbed open areas; often planted for hay and soil stabilization.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, meadows, parks, and other disturbed open areas; often planted for hay and soil stabilization.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Soft brome (Bromus tectorum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Baja California, Mexico, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, grasslands, prairies, meadows, balds, roadsides, wastelots, and other distrubed open areas from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Baja California, Mexico, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, grasslands, prairies, meadows, balds, roadsides, wastelots, and other distrubed open areas from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Suksdorf's brome (Bromus suksdorfii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; southern Washington to California.
Habitat: Open subalpine forest and slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; southern Washington to California.
Habitat: Open subalpine forest and slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Buttercup-leaf mock brookfoam (Hemieva ranunculifolia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern California, east to Alberta and Montana.
Habitat: Foothills to subalpine slopes, on wet, mossy rocks, often where dry by mid-summer.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern California, east to Alberta and Montana.
Habitat: Foothills to subalpine slopes, on wet, mossy rocks, often where dry by mid-summer.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Coastal brookfoam (Boykinia occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist woods and along streams, lowlands and along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist woods and along streams, lowlands and along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sierran brookfoam (Boykinia intermedia)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington; Washington south along the coast to central Oregon.
Habitat: Moist woods, meadows, streambanks, roadside ditches.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington; Washington south along the coast to central Oregon.
Habitat: Moist woods, meadows, streambanks, roadside ditches.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Violet mock brookfoam (Suksdorfia violacea)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta, Montana and Idaho.
Habitat: Vernally moist mossy banks and rock crevices.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta, Montana and Idaho.
Habitat: Vernally moist mossy banks and rock crevices.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
American brooklime (Veronica americana)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Ditches, slow moving streams, oxbows, and other water bodies, from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Ditches, slow moving streams, oxbows, and other water bodies, from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Canary broom (Genista canariensis)
Distribution: Occurring in a few scattered locations east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington and California.
Habitat: Disturbed areas including wastelots and roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in a few scattered locations east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington and California.
Habitat: Disturbed areas including wastelots and roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Chaparral broom (Baccharis pilularis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; Washington to California, also in New Mexico.
Habitat: Coastal dunes, bluffs, and thickets.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; Washington to California, also in New Mexico.
Habitat: Coastal dunes, bluffs, and thickets.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
French broom (Cytisus striatus)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas, including roadsides and wastelots.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas, including roadsides and wastelots.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Portuguese broom (Cytisus multiflorus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Scot's broom (Cytisus scoparius)
Distribution: Distributed widely throughout much of Washington, especially in lowlands west of the Cascades crest; Alaska to California, east to Idaho and Montana; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Widespread noxious weed, usually where somewhat moist.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Distributed widely throughout much of Washington, especially in lowlands west of the Cascades crest; Alaska to California, east to Idaho and Montana; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Widespread noxious weed, usually where somewhat moist.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
White Spanish broom (Cytisus multiflorus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
California broomrape (Aphyllon californicum)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Baja California, also east of the Cascades crest in Oregon.
Habitat: Coastal and sub-coastal, or in meadows inland, parasitic on Asteraceae but not on Artemisia tridentata.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Baja California, also east of the Cascades crest in Oregon.
Habitat: Coastal and sub-coastal, or in meadows inland, parasitic on Asteraceae but not on Artemisia tridentata.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Clustered broomrape (Aphyllon fasciculatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains and the Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Dry, open places, valleys to montane, parasitic exclusively on Artemisia.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains and the Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Dry, open places, valleys to montane, parasitic exclusively on Artemisia.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Clustered broomrape (Aphyllon franciscanum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Baja California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Texas.
Habitat: Open areas from low to middle elevations. Parasitic on Eriogonum, Eriophyllum lanatum, and Phacelia, also other taxa outside of Washington, but never Artemisia.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to Baja California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Texas.
Habitat: Open areas from low to middle elevations. Parasitic on Eriogonum, Eriophyllum lanatum, and Phacelia, also other taxa outside of Washington, but never Artemisia.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Flat-topped broomrape (Aphyllon corymbosum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and the Canadian Great Plains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert areas, parasitic mainly on Artemisia tridentata.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and the Canadian Great Plains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert areas, parasitic mainly on Artemisia tridentata.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Louisiana broomrape (Aphyllon ludovicianum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains of Canada and the U.S.
Habitat: Dry, open, often sandy areas, parasitic on Artemisia, Chrysopsis, and other woody Asteraceae.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains of Canada and the U.S.
Habitat: Dry, open, often sandy areas, parasitic on Artemisia, Chrysopsis, and other woody Asteraceae.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Pine broomrape (Aphyllon pinorum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to northern Idaho, Nevada and New Mexico.
Habitat: Montane coniferous forest, parasitic on Holodiscus.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to northern Idaho, Nevada and New Mexico.
Habitat: Montane coniferous forest, parasitic on Holodiscus.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Pinewoods broomrape (Aphyllon pinorum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to northern Idaho, Nevada and New Mexico.
Habitat: Montane coniferous forest, parasitic on Holodiscus.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to northern Idaho, Nevada and New Mexico.
Habitat: Montane coniferous forest, parasitic on Holodiscus.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Suksdorf's broomrape (Aphyllon ludovicianum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains of Canada and the U.S.
Habitat: Dry, open, often sandy areas, parasitic on Artemisia, Chrysopsis, and other woody Asteraceae.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains of Canada and the U.S.
Habitat: Dry, open, often sandy areas, parasitic on Artemisia, Chrysopsis, and other woody Asteraceae.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Furrowed broomsedge (Carex pachycarpa)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry to mesic meadows, open forest, and rocky slopes, often in partial shade.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry to mesic meadows, open forest, and rocky slopes, often in partial shade.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Pointed broomsedge (Carex scoparia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, most of the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Marshes, wet meadows, seasonal wetlands, shores, wet prairie, springs, and ditches.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, most of the Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Marshes, wet meadows, seasonal wetlands, shores, wet prairie, springs, and ditches.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dryland browntop (Agrostis castellana)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington: southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Disturbed sites, roadsides, and gravel bars.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington: southwestern British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Disturbed sites, roadsides, and gravel bars.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Coyote brush (Baccharis pilularis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; Washington to California, also in New Mexico.
Habitat: Coastal dunes, bluffs, and thickets.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; Washington to California, also in New Mexico.
Habitat: Coastal dunes, bluffs, and thickets.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
White bryony (Bryonia alba)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern and southeastern Washington; Washington east to Montana, south to Utah.
Habitat: Disturbed areas where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in eastern and southeastern Washington; Washington east to Montana, south to Utah.
Habitat: Disturbed areas where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Buck-bean (Menyanthes trifoliata)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Bogs, marshes, ponds and lakes in shallow water, from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Bogs, marshes, ponds and lakes in shallow water, from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mountain buck-bean (Thermopsis montana)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but only occurring in the far western and eastern counties; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sandy, well-drained soil to wet meadowland, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but only occurring in the far western and eastern counties; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sandy, well-drained soil to wet meadowland, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common buckbrush (Ceanothus cuneatus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Klickitat County; south-central Washington to California.
Habitat: Foothills, in dry areas.
Origin: Possibly native in Klickitat County, but definitely intentionally planted in Chelan and Ferry counties
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Klickitat County; south-central Washington to California.
Habitat: Foothills, in dry areas.
Origin: Possibly native in Klickitat County, but definitely intentionally planted in Chelan and Ferry counties
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alder-leaf buckthorn (Rhamnus alnifolia)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; British Columbia to California, east across Canada and the northern half of the U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist ground, expecially along streams, at moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; British Columbia to California, east across Canada and the northern half of the U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist ground, expecially along streams, at moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Buckthorn (Frangula purshiana)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Forest understory and margins from low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Forest understory and margins from low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Montana, east across the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas near gardens, where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Montana, east across the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas near gardens, where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
False buckthorn (Frangula purshiana)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Forest understory and margins from low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Forest understory and margins from low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Narrow-leaf buckthorn (Ceanothus cuneatus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Klickitat County; south-central Washington to California.
Habitat: Foothills, in dry areas.
Origin: Possibly native in Klickitat County, but definitely intentionally planted in Chelan and Ferry counties
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Klickitat County; south-central Washington to California.
Habitat: Foothills, in dry areas.
Origin: Possibly native in Klickitat County, but definitely intentionally planted in Chelan and Ferry counties
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sedge-leaf buckthorn (Ceanothus cuneatus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Klickitat County; south-central Washington to California.
Habitat: Foothills, in dry areas.
Origin: Possibly native in Klickitat County, but definitely intentionally planted in Chelan and Ferry counties
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Klickitat County; south-central Washington to California.
Habitat: Foothills, in dry areas.
Origin: Possibly native in Klickitat County, but definitely intentionally planted in Chelan and Ferry counties
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alpine buckwheat (Eriogonum pyrolifolium)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, often rocky areas, from middle elevations to the alpine in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, often rocky areas, from middle elevations to the alpine in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Arrow-leaf buckwheat (Eriogonum compositum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas, rocky slopes and cliffs from low elevations nearly to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas, rocky slopes and cliffs from low elevations nearly to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bailey's buckwheat (Eriogonum baileyi)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the central region of Washington; northern Washington to California, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Sand or gravel flats and slopes, grassland and shrub-steppe, open forest, and washes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June (September-October)
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the central region of Washington; northern Washington to California, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Sand or gravel flats and slopes, grassland and shrub-steppe, open forest, and washes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June (September-October)
Growth Duration: Annual
Bare-stem buckwheat (Eriogonum nudum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; southern Washington to California and Nevada.
Habitat: Sandy or rocky places from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; southern Washington to California and Nevada.
Habitat: Sandy or rocky places from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Basalt desert buckwheat (Eriogonum codium)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Benton County.
Habitat: Volcanic soils in sagebrush along the Columbia River.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Benton County.
Habitat: Volcanic soils in sagebrush along the Columbia River.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bractless parsnip-flowered wild buckwheat (Eriogonum heracleoides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Deeper soil of shrub-steppe to ponderosa pine forests and rocky ridges at middle elevation in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Deeper soil of shrub-steppe to ponderosa pine forests and rocky ridges at middle elevation in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Broom buckwheat (Eriogonum vimineum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts and dry ponderosa pine forest openings; tolerant of dry, disturbed conditions.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts and dry ponderosa pine forest openings; tolerant of dry, disturbed conditions.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Cushion buckwheat (Eriogonum ovalifolium)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, juniper and ponderosa pine forests, to alpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, juniper and ponderosa pine forests, to alpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Douglas's buckwheat (Eriogonum douglasii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, chiefly in the central region; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush or juniper flats to ponderosa pine forests, often on lithosol.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, chiefly in the central region; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush or juniper flats to ponderosa pine forests, often on lithosol.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Garden buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, waste areas; frequently escapes cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, waste areas; frequently escapes cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Marum-leaf wild buckwheat (Eriogonum marifolium)
Distribution: Reported from east of the Cascades crest in Washington, but no specimens seen; central Washington to California, east to northwestern Nevada.
Habitat: Gravelly flats in lodgepole and ponderosa pine forests to alpine ridges and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Reported from east of the Cascades crest in Washington, but no specimens seen; central Washington to California, east to northwestern Nevada.
Habitat: Gravelly flats in lodgepole and ponderosa pine forests to alpine ridges and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mountain buckwheat (Eriogonum marifolium)
Distribution: Reported from east of the Cascades crest in Washington, but no specimens seen; central Washington to California, east to northwestern Nevada.
Habitat: Gravelly flats in lodgepole and ponderosa pine forests to alpine ridges and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Reported from east of the Cascades crest in Washington, but no specimens seen; central Washington to California, east to northwestern Nevada.
Habitat: Gravelly flats in lodgepole and ponderosa pine forests to alpine ridges and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Naked buckwheat (Eriogonum nudum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; southern Washington to California and Nevada.
Habitat: Sandy or rocky places from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in southern Washington; southern Washington to California and Nevada.
Habitat: Sandy or rocky places from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Nodding buckwheat (Eriogonum cernuum)
Distribution: Occurring only in Franklin County, where disjunct from primary range of species; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Sand, gravel or clay slopes and flats, shrub-steppe, and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring only in Franklin County, where disjunct from primary range of species; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Sand, gravel or clay slopes and flats, shrub-steppe, and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Northern buckwheat (Eriogonum compositum)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas, rocky slopes and cliffs from low elevations nearly to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas, rocky slopes and cliffs from low elevations nearly to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Oarleaf buckwheat (Eriogonum pyrolifolium)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, often rocky areas, from middle elevations to the alpine in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, often rocky areas, from middle elevations to the alpine in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Parsnip-flowered buckwheat (Eriogonum heracleoides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Deeper soil of shrub-steppe to ponderosa pine forests and rocky ridges at middle elevation in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Deeper soil of shrub-steppe to ponderosa pine forests and rocky ridges at middle elevation in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rock buckwheat (Eriogonum sphaerocephalum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush or juniper flats to ponderosa pine forests at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush or juniper flats to ponderosa pine forests at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rush buckwheat (Eriogonum elatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to southern Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sand and gravel slopes and flats, grasslands, sagebrush desert, ponderosa pine forest openings, and montane ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to southern Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sand and gravel slopes and flats, grasslands, sagebrush desert, ponderosa pine forest openings, and montane ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Shasta wild buckwheat (Eriogonum pyrolifolium)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, often rocky areas, from middle elevations to the alpine in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, often rocky areas, from middle elevations to the alpine in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Slender buckwheat (Eriogonum microtheca)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sandy deserts to lower mountain slopes, chiefly with sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sandy deserts to lower mountain slopes, chiefly with sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Snow buckwheat (Eriogonum niveum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, in deep or sandy soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, in deep or sandy soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Spotted buckwheat (Eriogonum maculatum)
Distribution: Collected once (1884) in Yakima County in Washington and now considered extirpated; southeastern Oregon to southwestern Idaho, south to Baja California, Mexioca and east to New Mexico.
Habitat: Sand, gravel or clay slopes and flats, grassland, and shrub-steppe.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Collected once (1884) in Yakima County in Washington and now considered extirpated; southeastern Oregon to southwestern Idaho, south to Baja California, Mexioca and east to New Mexico.
Habitat: Sand, gravel or clay slopes and flats, grassland, and shrub-steppe.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Strict buckwheat (Eriogonum strictum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Sandy or rocky soils, sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Sandy or rocky soils, sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sulfur buckwheat (Eriogonum umbellatum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts to alpine rocky ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts to alpine rocky ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Tall buckwheat (Eriogonum elatum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to southern Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sand and gravel slopes and flats, grasslands, sagebrush desert, ponderosa pine forest openings, and montane ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to southern Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sand and gravel slopes and flats, grasslands, sagebrush desert, ponderosa pine forest openings, and montane ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Thyme buckwheat (Eriogonum thymoides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, and open ridges in lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, and open ridges in lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Thyme-leaf wild buckwheat (Eriogonum thymoides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, and open ridges in lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; central Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, and open ridges in lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Umtanum buckwheat (Eriogonum codium)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Benton County.
Habitat: Volcanic soils in sagebrush along the Columbia River.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Benton County.
Habitat: Volcanic soils in sagebrush along the Columbia River.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Yellow buckwheat (Eriogonum flavum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Alaska to northeastern Oregon, east to the northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Open knolls in grasslands to alpine ridges and scree.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Alaska to northeastern Oregon, east to the northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Open knolls in grasslands to alpine ridges and scree.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Russet buffalo-berry (Shepherdia canadensis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moderately dry, open to wooded areas, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moderately dry, open to wooded areas, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cut-leaved bugbane (Actaea laciniata)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to adjacent northwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Moist woods at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to adjacent northwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Moist woods at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
False bugbane (Trautvetteria caroliniensis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in central and southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Moist, open woods and stream banks, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in central and southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Moist, open woods and stream banks, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mt. Hood bugbane (Actaea laciniata)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to adjacent northwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Moist woods at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to adjacent northwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Moist woods at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Tall bugbane (Actaea elata)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Moist, shady woods at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Moist, shady woods at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Wild bugbane (Trautvetteria caroliniensis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in central and southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Moist, open woods and stream banks, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in central and southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Moist, open woods and stream banks, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Carpet bugle (Ajuga reptans)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east in scattered locations in Idaho and Montana; widespread in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed ground, often in forest understory.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east in scattered locations in Idaho and Montana; widespread in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed ground, often in forest understory.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Northern bugleweed (Lycopus uniflorus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Stream banks, marshes and peat bogs, mostly in the mountains, but descending to sea level west of the Cascades.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Stream banks, marshes and peat bogs, mostly in the mountains, but descending to sea level west of the Cascades.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Annual bugloss (Lycopsis arvensis)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east sporadically to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east sporadically to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Common bugloss (Anchusa officinalis)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains, also from the Great Lakes region to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Mediterranean region
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains, also from the Great Lakes region to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Mediterranean region
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Common viper's bugloss (Echium vulgare)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Mediterranean region
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Mediterranean region
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
European bugloss (Lycopsis arvensis)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east sporadically to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east sporadically to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Italian bugloss (Anchusa azurea)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered localities on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, scattered localities east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered localities on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, scattered localities east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Small bugloss (Lycopsis arvensis)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east sporadically to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east sporadically to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Viper's bugloss (Echium vulgare)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Mediterranean region
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Mediterranean region
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
American bugseed (Corispermum americanum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sandy, open sites, including shorelines, fields and disturbed areas, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sandy, open sites, including shorelines, fields and disturbed areas, from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Hairy bugseed (Corispermum villosum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest and west of the crest along the lower Columbia River in Washington; southern British Columbia to southern Oregon, east to the northern Rocky Mountain States, Great Plains, and Quebec.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, often where alkaline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest and west of the crest along the lower Columbia River in Washington; southern British Columbia to southern Oregon, east to the northern Rocky Mountain States, Great Plains, and Quebec.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, often where alkaline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Hooker's bugseed (Corispermum hookeri)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southeastern British Columbia to north-central Washington, east across Canada to Ontario.
Habitat: Sand dunes and sandy shores.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southeastern British Columbia to north-central Washington, east across Canada to Ontario.
Habitat: Sand dunes and sandy shores.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Pacific bugseed (Corispermum pacificum)
Distribution: Occurring along the Columbia River and east of the Cascades in Washington; southwestern Washington to northern Oregon, east to west-central Idaho; also in southwestern British Columbia.
Habitat: Dunes and sandy shorelines of desert areas and riverbanks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring along the Columbia River and east of the Cascades in Washington; southwestern Washington to northern Oregon, east to west-central Idaho; also in southwestern British Columbia.
Habitat: Dunes and sandy shorelines of desert areas and riverbanks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Pale bugseed (Corispermum pallidum)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades, where historically endemic to central Washington; likely extinct.
Habitat: Sandy shorelines of streams and lakes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades, where historically endemic to central Washington; likely extinct.
Habitat: Sandy shorelines of streams and lakes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Pallas' bugseed (Corispermum pallasii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to northwestern Oregon, east across Canada and the northern U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sand dunes, sandy and gravelly areas along streams and rivers, wastelots.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to northwestern Oregon, east across Canada and the northern U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Sand dunes, sandy and gravelly areas along streams and rivers, wastelots.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Annual
American bulrush (Schoenoplectus acutus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east throughout all of North America except southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Pond and lake margins, wetland and riparian areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east throughout all of North America except southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Pond and lake margins, wetland and riparian areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
American three-square bulrush (Schoenoplectus americanus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Marshes, shores, peatlands, tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Marshes, shores, peatlands, tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cotton-grass bulrush (Scirpus cyperinus)
Distribution: Ocurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana; native from central North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet areas and riparian zones at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Ocurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana; native from central North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet areas and riparian zones at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Eurasian bulrush (Isolepis setacea)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Lowland shores and ditches.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and Africa
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Lowland shores and ditches.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and Africa
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Great bulrush (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast; also in Central and South America.
Habitat: Marshes and muddy shores of lakes and streams at lower elevations; tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast; also in Central and South America.
Habitat: Marshes and muddy shores of lakes and streams at lower elevations; tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Kukenthal's bulrush (Schoenoplectus ×kuekenthalianus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to adjacent northwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Freshwater intertidal zone.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to adjacent northwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Freshwater intertidal zone.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Nevada bulrush (Amphiscirpus nevadensis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains (but not in Idaho) and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Alkaline shores, limy fens, and wet meadows; rarely on dredge spoils.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains (but not in Idaho) and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Alkaline shores, limy fens, and wet meadows; rarely on dredge spoils.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Olney's three-square bulrush (Schoenoplectus americanus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Marshes, shores, peatlands, tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Marshes, shores, peatlands, tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Pale bulrush (Scirpus pallidus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern U.S.
Habitat: Wet, low ground, from the lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Great Plains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern U.S.
Habitat: Wet, low ground, from the lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Panicled bulrush (Scirpus microcarpus)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east in Canada and northern United States to New England.
Habitat: Wet ground, ditches, shorelines, streambanks, and other riparian areas from low to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east in Canada and northern United States to New England.
Habitat: Wet ground, ditches, shorelines, streambanks, and other riparian areas from low to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Ricefield bulrush (Schoenoplectus mucronatus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to the Willamette Valley and California, and in eastern North America.
Habitat: Drying shores, marshes, and ditches.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to the Willamette Valley and California, and in eastern North America.
Habitat: Drying shores, marshes, and ditches.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
River bulrush (Bolboschoenus fluviatilis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fresh or brackish marshes and quiet water, occasionally more than 1 meter deep,
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fresh or brackish marshes and quiet water, occasionally more than 1 meter deep,
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rocky Mountain bulrush (Schoenoplectus saximontanus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades in eastern Washington; south-central British Columbia, Spokane County in WA, also in California, the southern Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Sloughs and damp lake shores.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades in eastern Washington; south-central British Columbia, Spokane County in WA, also in California, the southern Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Sloughs and damp lake shores.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rough-seed bulrush (Schoenoplectus mucronatus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to the Willamette Valley and California, and in eastern North America.
Habitat: Drying shores, marshes, and ditches.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to the Willamette Valley and California, and in eastern North America.
Habitat: Drying shores, marshes, and ditches.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Seacoast tuberous bulrush (Bolboschoenus maritimus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America; cosmopolitan.
Habitat: Salt marshes, wet meadows, and margins of ponds, especially in alkaline or saline areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America; cosmopolitan.
Habitat: Salt marshes, wet meadows, and margins of ponds, especially in alkaline or saline areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Small fruited bulrush (Scirpus microcarpus)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east in Canada and northern United States to New England.
Habitat: Wet ground, ditches, shorelines, streambanks, and other riparian areas from low to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east in Canada and northern United States to New England.
Habitat: Wet ground, ditches, shorelines, streambanks, and other riparian areas from low to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Soft-stem bulrush (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast; also in Central and South America.
Habitat: Marshes and muddy shores of lakes and streams at lower elevations; tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast; also in Central and South America.
Habitat: Marshes and muddy shores of lakes and streams at lower elevations; tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Stream bank bulrush (Schoenoplectus triqueter)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington in the lower Columbia River; southwestern Washington to adjacent northwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Freshwater intertidal zone.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington in the lower Columbia River; southwestern Washington to adjacent northwestern Oregon.
Habitat: Freshwater intertidal zone.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bunchberry (Cornus canadensis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; northeastern Washington to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America; Greenland.
Habitat: Moist forest understory.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; northeastern Washington to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America; Greenland.
Habitat: Moist forest understory.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western bunchberry (Cornus unalaschkensis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northern California, east to western Montana.
Habitat: Moist woods, low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northern California, east to western Montana.
Habitat: Moist woods, low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Beach bur (Ambrosia chamissonis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the marine coastline beaches in Washington; British Columbia, south along the coast, to California.
Habitat: Common on sandy beaches above high tide level.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the marine coastline beaches in Washington; British Columbia, south along the coast, to California.
Habitat: Common on sandy beaches above high tide level.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Buffalo bur (Solanum rostratum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides and other disturbed areas, often where dry.
Origin: Introduced from central US
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides and other disturbed areas, often where dry.
Origin: Introduced from central US
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Cutleaf beach bur (Ambrosia chamissonis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the marine coastline beaches in Washington; British Columbia, south along the coast, to California.
Habitat: Common on sandy beaches above high tide level.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the marine coastline beaches in Washington; British Columbia, south along the coast, to California.
Habitat: Common on sandy beaches above high tide level.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bur-clover (Medicago polymorpha)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, scattered eastward across much of North America.
Habitat: Waste ground and disturbed areas, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California, scattered eastward across much of North America.
Habitat: Waste ground and disturbed areas, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Little bur-clover (Medicago minima)
Distribution: Occurring in the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California, east along the southern U.S. to eastern North America, also in the Hells Canyon area in Idaho.
Habitat: Roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California, east along the southern U.S. to eastern North America, also in the Hells Canyon area in Idaho.
Habitat: Roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Bur-marigold (Bidens cernua)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Stream banks, pond and lake edges, and other wet places at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Stream banks, pond and lake edges, and other wet places at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Flat spine bur-ragweed (Ambrosia acanthicarpa)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Sandy soils, dunes, and other well-drained soils in open areas at low to middle elevations, often locally common.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Sandy soils, dunes, and other well-drained soils in open areas at low to middle elevations, often locally common.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Silver bur-ragweed (Ambrosia chamissonis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the marine coastline beaches in Washington; British Columbia, south along the coast, to California.
Habitat: Common on sandy beaches above high tide level.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the marine coastline beaches in Washington; British Columbia, south along the coast, to California.
Habitat: Common on sandy beaches above high tide level.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Arctic bur-reed (Sparganium natans)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shallow water, mostly in mountain lakes, sometimes completely submersed.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shallow water, mostly in mountain lakes, sometimes completely submersed.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Broadfruited bur-reed (Sparganium eurycarpum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Baja, California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet meadows to shallow marshes, mostly emersed.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Baja, California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet meadows to shallow marshes, mostly emersed.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Floating bur-reed (Sparganium angustifolium)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Ponds and shallow lakes at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Ponds and shallow lakes at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Floating bur-reed (Sparganium fluctuans)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Cold, clear water to 2 meters deep.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Cold, clear water to 2 meters deep.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Narrow-leaved bur-reed (Sparganium angustifolium)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Ponds and shallow lakes at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Ponds and shallow lakes at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Simplestem bur-reed (Sparganium emersum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Colorado.
Habitat: Shallow ponds and marshes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Colorado.
Habitat: Shallow ponds and marshes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Small bur-reed (Sparganium natans)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shallow water, mostly in mountain lakes, sometimes completely submersed.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shallow water, mostly in mountain lakes, sometimes completely submersed.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Water bur-reed (Sparganium fluctuans)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Cold, clear water to 2 meters deep.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Cold, clear water to 2 meters deep.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common burdock (Arctium minus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, meadows, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, meadows, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Biennial
Great burdock (Arctium lappa)
Distribution: Known from a few scattered locations in Washington; British Columbia to California, in Montana, east from California to Colorado and Arizona, also across Canadian Great Plains to Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, forest openings and edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas generally at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Known from a few scattered locations in Washington; British Columbia to California, in Montana, east from California to Colorado and Arizona, also across Canadian Great Plains to Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, forest openings and edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas generally at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Greater burdock (Arctium lappa)
Distribution: Known from a few scattered locations in Washington; British Columbia to California, in Montana, east from California to Colorado and Arizona, also across Canadian Great Plains to Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, forest openings and edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas generally at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Known from a few scattered locations in Washington; British Columbia to California, in Montana, east from California to Colorado and Arizona, also across Canadian Great Plains to Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, ditches, forest openings and edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas generally at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: August-October
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Lesser burdock (Arctium minus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, meadows, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Biennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, meadows, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Biennial
Annual burnet (Poteridium annuum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to northern California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in eastern North America.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to northern California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in eastern North America.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Annual
Fodder burnet (Poterium sanguisorba)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, shores, pastures, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and North Africa
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, shores, pastures, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and North Africa
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Garden burnet (Sanguisorba officinalis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington; Alaska to California; introduced in eastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Peatlands, wet meadows, marshes, shorelines, and wet forests from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington; Alaska to California; introduced in eastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Peatlands, wet meadows, marshes, shorelines, and wet forests from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Great burnet (Sanguisorba officinalis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington; Alaska to California; introduced in eastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Peatlands, wet meadows, marshes, shorelines, and wet forests from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington; Alaska to California; introduced in eastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Peatlands, wet meadows, marshes, shorelines, and wet forests from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Menzies' burnet (Sanguisorba menziesii)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Peatlands, wet meadows, shores, generally at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Peatlands, wet meadows, shores, generally at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Prairie burnet (Poteridium annuum)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to northern California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in eastern North America.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to northern California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also in eastern North America.
Origin: Native
Growth Duration: Annual
Sitka burnet (Sanguisorba stipulata)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Wet places at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Wet places at middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Small burnet (Poterium sanguisorba)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, shores, pastures, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and North Africa
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains, also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, shores, pastures, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and North Africa
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Small-head burnet (Sanguisorba menziesii)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Peatlands, wet meadows, shores, generally at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Peatlands, wet meadows, shores, generally at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Australian burnweed (Erechtites minimus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, riverbanks, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Australia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, riverbanks, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Australia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Toothed coast burnweed (Erechtites minimus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, riverbanks, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Australia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, riverbanks, ditches, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Australia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Lawn burrweed (Soliva sessilis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to California, also in south-central and southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, roadsides, and lawn areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from South America
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to California, also in south-central and southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, roadsides, and lawn areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from South America
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Annual bursage (Ambrosia acanthicarpa)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Sandy soils, dunes, and other well-drained soils in open areas at low to middle elevations, often locally common.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Sandy soils, dunes, and other well-drained soils in open areas at low to middle elevations, often locally common.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Burning bush (Euonymus occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist woods at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist woods at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Greater butter-and-eggs (Linaria vulgaris)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alpine butterbur (Petasites frigidus)
Distribution: Occurring in forested and mountainous areas throughout Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Meadows, swamps, and other wet places, from low elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in forested and mountainous areas throughout Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Meadows, swamps, and other wet places, from low elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alkali buttercup (Halerpestes cymbalaria)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains, Great Lakes, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Ditches, marshes and muddy meadowlands, often where saline or alkaline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains, Great Lakes, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Ditches, marshes and muddy meadowlands, often where saline or alkaline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Arctic buttercup (Ranunculus grayi)
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympics and Cascades mountains in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympics and Cascades mountains in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Basalt buttercup (Ranunculus basalticus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Kittitas, Yakima, and Klickitat counties.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, grassy slopes, and open Quercus garryana forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to Kittitas, Yakima, and Klickitat counties.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, grassy slopes, and open Quercus garryana forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Blister buttercup (Ranunculus sceleratus)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout much of Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Moist meadows and boggy shoreland to semi-aquatic and often brackish areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout much of Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Moist meadows and boggy shoreland to semi-aquatic and often brackish areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bulbous buttercup (Ranunculus bulbosus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also widespread in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also widespread in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
California buttercup (Ranunculus californicus)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the northwestern coast in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Grassy bluffs along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the northwestern coast in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Grassy bluffs along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Celery-leaved buttercup (Ranunculus sceleratus)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout much of Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Moist meadows and boggy shoreland to semi-aquatic and often brackish areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout much of Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Moist meadows and boggy shoreland to semi-aquatic and often brackish areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cooley's buttercup (Arcteranthis cooleyae)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Damp slopes and rocky crevices at high elevations, blossoming as snow recedes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington.
Habitat: Damp slopes and rocky crevices at high elevations, blossoming as snow recedes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Creeping buttercup (Ranunculus flammula)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Mostly in mud, often where brackish, from sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Mostly in mud, often where brackish, from sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Creeping buttercup (Ranunculus repens)
Distribution: Occurring throughout Washington, but more common west of the Cascades crest; Alaska to California and Utah, and from central plains of U.S. to Labrador.
Habitat: Wet meadows and fields, riparian corridors disturbed forest understory, lawns, and other disturbed areas where often moist.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring throughout Washington, but more common west of the Cascades crest; Alaska to California and Utah, and from central plains of U.S. to Labrador.
Habitat: Wet meadows and fields, riparian corridors disturbed forest understory, lawns, and other disturbed areas where often moist.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dalles Mountain buttercup (Ranunculus triternatus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known from Klickitat County; south-central Washington to Wasco County, Oregon.
Habitat: Sagebrush slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: (December) January-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known from Klickitat County; south-central Washington to Wasco County, Oregon.
Habitat: Sagebrush slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: (December) January-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Downy buttercup (Ranunculus hebecarpus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Baja California, east to Idaho and Arizona.
Habitat: Moist to rather dry hillsides and woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Baja California, east to Idaho and Arizona.
Habitat: Moist to rather dry hillsides and woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Dwarf buttercup (Ranunculus pygmaeus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; Alaska to Washington, Idaho and the Rocky Mountains, east across northern Canada to Greenland, and Europe.
Habitat: Alpine meadows and rock crevices, generally near snowbanks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in north-central Washington; Alaska to Washington, Idaho and the Rocky Mountains, east across northern Canada to Greenland, and Europe.
Habitat: Alpine meadows and rock crevices, generally near snowbanks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Field buttercup (Ranunculus arvensis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Utah; also in areas of central and eastern U.S.
Habitat: Dry woodlands and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Utah; also in areas of central and eastern U.S.
Habitat: Dry woodlands and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Gmelin's buttercup (Ranunculus gmelinii)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains, and across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Standing water up to 2 meters deep.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains, and across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Standing water up to 2 meters deep.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Graceful buttercup (Ranunculus inamoenus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; British Columbia to Nevada and Arizona, east to Montana, Wyoming, Colorado and New Mexico, also in scattered areas of the northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Mountain meadows and moist slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in northeastern Washington; British Columbia to Nevada and Arizona, east to Montana, Wyoming, Colorado and New Mexico, also in scattered areas of the northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Mountain meadows and moist slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hairy buttercup (Ranunculus sardous)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascade in Washington; British Columbia to northern California; also in the eastern United States, Europe, Australia and Pacific Islands.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, fields and open woods.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascade in Washington; British Columbia to northern California; also in the eastern United States, Europe, Australia and Pacific Islands.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, fields and open woods.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Heart-leaf buttercup (Ranunculus cardiophyllus)
Distribution: Reported from northeastern Washington, but no specimens have been seen; eastern British Columbia, south in the Rocky Mountains to Arizona and New Mexico, east to Alberta and the northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Wet to dry montane to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Reported from northeastern Washington, but no specimens have been seen; eastern British Columbia, south in the Rocky Mountains to Arizona and New Mexico, east to Alberta and the northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Wet to dry montane to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Hornseed buttercup (Ceratocephala testiculata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Disturbed soil in sagebrush deserts and plains.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Disturbed soil in sagebrush deserts and plains.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-May
Growth Duration: Annual
Kidney-leaf buttercup (Ranunculus abortivus)
Distribution: Occurring in the northeastern region of Washington; Yukon Territory to the southern Rocky Mountains and Gulf Coast, east to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Montane forest understory and meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring in the northeastern region of Washington; Yukon Territory to the southern Rocky Mountains and Gulf Coast, east to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Montane forest understory and meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Little buttercup (Ranunculus uncinatus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist, usually shady areas, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist, usually shady areas, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Macoun's buttercup (Ranunculus macounii)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains and central Canada; also in Canadian Maritimes.
Habitat: Riparian areas and wet meadows from lowlands to montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains and central Canada; also in Canadian Maritimes.
Habitat: Riparian areas and wet meadows from lowlands to montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Meadow buttercup (Ranunculus acris)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern part of the U.S. and Canada to eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist to well-drained soil at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across the northern part of the U.S. and Canada to eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist to well-drained soil at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Mountain buttercup (Ranunculus populago)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and western Montana.
Habitat: Wet areas at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to Idaho and western Montana.
Habitat: Wet areas at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Obscure buttercup (Ranunculus triternatus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known from Klickitat County; south-central Washington to Wasco County, Oregon.
Habitat: Sagebrush slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: (December) January-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known from Klickitat County; south-central Washington to Wasco County, Oregon.
Habitat: Sagebrush slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: (December) January-April
Growth Duration: Perennial
Pennsylvania buttercup (Ranunculus pensylvanicus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascade crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, Idaho and Montana; also in eastern North America and scattered areas in the Southwest.
Habitat: Wet ground, especially along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascade crest in Washington; Alaska to Washington, Idaho and Montana; also in eastern North America and scattered areas in the Southwest.
Habitat: Wet ground, especially along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Plantain-leaved buttercup (Ranunculus alismifolius)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Swales, streambanks and moist meadows, low to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Swales, streambanks and moist meadows, low to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sagebrush buttercup (Ranunculus glaberrimus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington, with disjunct populations in the northeast Olympic Mountains and Ross Lake area of Whatcom County; British Columbia to northern California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, shrub-steppe and ponderosa pine woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington, with disjunct populations in the northeast Olympic Mountains and Ross Lake area of Whatcom County; British Columbia to northern California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, shrub-steppe and ponderosa pine woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Seaside buttercup (Halerpestes cymbalaria)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains, Great Lakes, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Ditches, marshes and muddy meadowlands, often where saline or alkaline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Great Plains, Great Lakes, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Ditches, marshes and muddy meadowlands, often where saline or alkaline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Small yellow water buttercup (Ranunculus gmelinii)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains, and across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Standing water up to 2 meters deep.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains, and across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Standing water up to 2 meters deep.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Small-flower buttercup (Ranunculus parviflorus)
Distribution: Sparingly introduced to lowlands of west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California; also in the southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, urbanized settings, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Sparingly introduced to lowlands of west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California; also in the southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, urbanized settings, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Spiny-fruit buttercup (Ranunculus muricatus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California, east across North America in scattered locations.
Habitat: Ditches and other moist places, often on cultivated land.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington to California, east across North America in scattered locations.
Habitat: Ditches and other moist places, often on cultivated land.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Straight-beak buttercup (Ranunculus orthorhynchus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southeastern Alaska to California, east to Idaho, western Montana, western Wyoming, Utah, and Nevada.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist fields to mountain meadows and slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southeastern Alaska to California, east to Idaho, western Montana, western Wyoming, Utah, and Nevada.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist fields to mountain meadows and slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Subalpine buttercup (Ranunculus eschscholtzii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Meadow and talus slopes at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Meadow and talus slopes at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Western buttercup (Ranunculus occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta and Nevada.
Habitat: Moist to well-drained soil, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta and Nevada.
Habitat: Moist to well-drained soil, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
White western buttercup (Ranunculus aquatilis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: In sluggish streams, ponds, lakes, and mudflats at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: In sluggish streams, ponds, lakes, and mudflats at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Yellow water buttercup (Ranunculus flabellaris)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern California, east to the Rocky Mountain states and in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Shallow ponds, mud flats and marshes at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to northern California, east to the Rocky Mountain states and in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Shallow ponds, mud flats and marshes at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Orange-eye butterfly-bush (Buddleja davidii)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in Idaho and the eastern United States.
Habitat: Fields, riparian corridors, thickets, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: March-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in Idaho and the eastern United States.
Habitat: Fields, riparian corridors, thickets, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: March-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Alkali marsh butterweed (Senecio hydrophilus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Swampy places in the valleys and foothills; tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June- September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Swampy places in the valleys and foothills; tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June- September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Alpine meadow butterweed (Packera subnuda)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Wet meadows in the subalpine and alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September.
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Wet meadows in the subalpine and alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September.
Growth Duration: Perennial
Canadian butterweed (Packera paupercula)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington British Columbia to Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Meadows, moist cilffs and woods, from the foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington British Columbia to Washington, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, and eastern North America.
Habitat: Meadows, moist cilffs and woods, from the foothills to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dwarf arctic butterweed (Packera contermina)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Alberta and Montana.
Habitat: Exposed, rocky places in the alpine to occasionally the subalpine;
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east to Alberta and Montana.
Habitat: Exposed, rocky places in the alpine to occasionally the subalpine;
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Dwarf mountain butterweed (Senecio fremontii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Open, rocky slopes at high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Open, rocky slopes at high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
One-stemmed butterweed (Senecio integerrimus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where widely distributed; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Meadows and seasonally moist open areas from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where widely distributed; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Meadows and seasonally moist open areas from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Puget butterweed (Packera macounii)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open woods and dry, open places at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open woods and dry, open places at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rayless alpine butterweed (Packera pauciflora)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northern Washington, disjunct in California and northwest Wyoming, east to Northwest Territory and Alberta, also in eastern Canada.
Habitat: Alpine and subalpine meadows and moist cliffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northern Washington, disjunct in California and northwest Wyoming, east to Northwest Territory and Alberta, also in eastern Canada.
Habitat: Alpine and subalpine meadows and moist cliffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rayless mountain butterweed (Packera indecora)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, and also in California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and in the Great Lakes Region, also east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Damp meadows to stream banks and moist woodlands, from the valleys to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in northern Washington; Alaska to Washington, and also in California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and in the Great Lakes Region, also east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Damp meadows to stream banks and moist woodlands, from the valleys to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Rocky Mountain butterweed (Packera streptanthifolia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Sasketchewan.
Habitat: Moist to moderately dry open areas and forest, from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Sasketchewan.
Habitat: Moist to moderately dry open areas and forest, from middle elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Streambank butterweed (Packera pseudaurea)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, and central U.S.
Habitat: Wet meadows, stream banks and moist woodlands from middle elevations to the sublpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, and central U.S.
Habitat: Wet meadows, stream banks and moist woodlands from middle elevations to the sublpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sweet marsh butterweed (Senecio hydrophiloides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Wet meadows in the mountains and foothills, but not in alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Wet meadows in the mountains and foothills, but not in alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Tall butterweed (Senecio serra)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Meadows and open, moist hillsides, foothills to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.
Habitat: Meadows and open, moist hillsides, foothills to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common butterwort (Pinguicula vulgaris)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, also in Montana; east across Canada to eastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Bogs and wet soil from middle elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, also in Montana; east across Canada to eastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Bogs and wet soil from middle elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Bachelor's button (Centaurea cyanus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, meadows, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from the Mediterranean region
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, ditches, meadows, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from the Mediterranean region
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Brass buttons (Cotula coronopifolia)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the Puget Sound, outer coast, and lower Columbia River shorelines. Alaska to California, east to Nevada and Arizona, also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Tidal flats.
Origin: Introduced from South Africa
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the Puget Sound, outer coast, and lower Columbia River shorelines. Alaska to California, east to Nevada and Arizona, also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Tidal flats.
Origin: Introduced from South Africa
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Common brass buttons (Cotula coronopifolia)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the Puget Sound, outer coast, and lower Columbia River shorelines. Alaska to California, east to Nevada and Arizona, also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Tidal flats.
Origin: Introduced from South Africa
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the Puget Sound, outer coast, and lower Columbia River shorelines. Alaska to California, east to Nevada and Arizona, also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Tidal flats.
Origin: Introduced from South Africa
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
