saccate: furnished with or in the shape of a sac or pouch.

sagittate (3 images): arrow-shaped.

salverform: with a slender tube and an abruptly spreading limb.

samara (3 images): a dry, indehiscent, generally 1-seeded, winged fruit.

sanguineous: blood red.

saprophyte: a plant that lives on dead organic matter, neither parasitic nor making its own food.

scaberulous, scabrellate: diminutive of scabrous.

scabrid: roughened.

scabridulous: minutely roughened.

scabrous (1 image): rough to the touch.

scale (4 images): any small, thin or flat structure.

scandent: climbing, as in a vine.

scape (3 images): a leafless (or merely bracteate) peduncle arising from the ground level in acaulescent plants.

scapose (2 images): with the flowers on a scape.

scarious (3 images): thin, dry, and chaffy in texture, and not green.

schizocarp (4 images): a fruit that splits into its separate carpels at maturity.

sclerophyll: a firm leaf, with a relatively large amount of strengthening tissue.

scorpioid cyme (2 images): a sympodial cyme with a zigzag rachis, the successive branches of which make up the rachis arising on different sides.

scurfy: scalelike covering.

secund (3 images): with the flowers or branches all on 1 side of the axis.

senescent: dying.

sepal (24 images): a member of the outermost set of flower leaves, typically green or greenish and more or less leafy in texture.

sepaloid: sepal-like, especially in color and texture.

septate: provided with partitions.

septicidal: dehiscing through the septa, between the locules.

septum (2 images): a partition, in an ovary, a partition formed by the connate walls of adjacent carpels.

sericeous: silky, from the presence of long, slender, soft, more or less appressed hairs.

serotinous: literally late; with flowers developing after the leaves are fully expanded.

serrate (12 images): toothed along the margin with sharp, forward-pointing teeth.

serrulate (2 images): diminutive of serrate.

sessile (11 images): attached directly by the base, without a stalk.

seta (1 image): a bristle.

setaceous: bristle-like.

setiferous: possessing or covered in seta.

setose: beset with bristles.

sheath (8 images): an organ that partly or wholly surrounds another organ, as the sheath of a grass leaf, that surrounds the stem.

sigmoid: doubly curved, like the letter S.

silicle (4 images): a fruit like a silique, but shorter (generally less than 2 times as long as wide), often not much longer than wide.

silique (4 images): an elongate capsule (generally more than 2 times as long as wide) in which the 2 valves are deciduous from the persistent, seed-bearing partition or replum.

simple leaf (2 images): one with the blade all in 1 confluent piece, not compound.

simple pistil (2 images): one composed of only 1 carpel.

sinuate: with a strongly wavy margin.

sinus: the cleft or recess between 2 lobes or segments of an expanded organ such as a leaf.

sordid: of a dull, dingy, or dirty hue.

sorus (5 images): a cluster of sporangia, as in ferns.

spadix (4 images): a spike with small, crowded flowers on a thickened, fleshy axis.

spathe (4 images): a large, generally solitary bract subtending and often enclosing a spadix or other inflorescence.

spatulate: shaped like a spatula, rounded above and narrowed to the base.

spicate (2 images): arranged in a spike.

spike (9 images): a more or less elongate inflorescence of the racemose type, with sessile or subsessile flowers.

spine (23 images): a firm, slender, sharp-pointed structure, representing a modified leaf or stipule; loosely, any body having the appearance of a true spine.

spinulose: provided with small spines.

sporangiaster: modified sporangium partly covering the sorus in ferns.

sporangium (1 image): a case or container for spores.

spore: a 1-celled reproductive structure other than a gamete or zygote, in vascular plants always representing the lst cell of the gametophyte generation.

sporocarp (4 images): a specialized body (not obviously a leaf or a cone scale) within which sporangia are borne.

sporophyll (2 images): a leaf (often more or less modified) that bears or subtends 1 or more sporangia.

sporophyte (1 image): the generation that has 2n chromo-somes and produces spores from which the gametophytes arise.

spur (5 images): a hollow appendage of the corolla or calyx.

squarrose (3 images): abruptly spreading or recurved at some point above the base.

stamen (30 images): loosely, the male organ of a flower, consisting of anther and generally a filament.

staminate flower (1 image): one with 1 or more stamens, but no pistil.

staminode (3 images): a modified stamen that does not produce pollen.

standard: the uppermost petal of a papilionaceous flower; the banner.

stellate (1 image): star-shaped; stellate hairs have several/many branches from the base.

sterile: unproductive or infertile.

stigma (26 images): the part of the pistil that is receptive to pollen.

stipe: the stalk of a structure, without regard to its morphological nature.

stipitate (6 images): borne on a stipe.

stipulate (1 image): provided with stipules.

stipule (37 images): one of a pair of basal appendages found on many leaves.

stolon (1 image): an elongate, creeping stem on the surface of the ground.

stoloniferous: bearing stolons.

stomata: pores on leaf surfaces responsible for gas exchange.

stramineous: straw-colored.

striate: marked with fine, more or less parallel lines.

strict: very straight and upright.

strigillose (4 images): diminutive of strigose.

strigose (8 images): provided with straight, appressed hairs all pointing in more or less the same direction.

strobilus (4 images): a cluster of sporophylls on an axis; a cone.

strophiole: an excrescence or tubercle around the hilum of certain seeds (e.g., Euphorbiaceae).

strumose: covered with cushion-like swellings; bullate.

style (13 images): the slender stalk that typically connects the stigma(s) to the ovary.

stylopodium (3 images): an enlargement or disklike expansion at the base of the style, as in the Apiaceae.

sub-: Latin prefix, meaning under, almost, or not quite.

suberose: corky in texture.

subtend: to be directly below and close to, as a leaf subtends its axillary bud.

subulate (2 images): slender and tapering to a point; awl-shaped.

succulent (5 images): fleshy and juicy.

suffrutescent: half-shrubby, or somewhat shrubby, or dying back to a persistent, woody base.

sulcate: marked with longitudinal grooves.

superior ovary (20 images): one that is attached to the receptacle above the attachment of other flower parts.

surficial: of or pertaining to the surface.

suture: a seam or line of fusion; generally applied to the vertical lines along which a fruit may dehisce.

sympatric: occupying the same geographic region.

sympetalous (7 images): with the petals connate, at least toward the base; gamopetalous.

sympodial: with the apparent main axis actually consisting of a series of short axillary branches.

syncarpous: with united carpels.

syngenesious: with connate anthers.

synsepalous: with connate sepals; gamosepalous.