Macrofungi
Covers mushrooms and other non-lichenized fungi that form multicellular fruiting bodies large enough to be seen with the unaided eye.
Common names beginning with T:
107 common names
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Index to common names:
tarspot, Thelephora, thimble, thimble-cap, thrower, tinderconk, tongue, tooth, tooth fungus, toothjelly, tops, tork, toughshank, train-wrecker, tree-ear, trich, Trich, trich, Trich, Tricholoma, tricholoma, Tricholoma, tricholoma, Tricholoma, tricholoma, Tricholoma, truffle, truffle-club, truffle-eater, truffleclub, trumpet, trumpet-of-death, Trunc, Tubaria, tuckahoe, tuft, tumble-ball, turkey-tail, twigletSpeckled tarspot (Rhytisma punctatum)
Distribution: Broad North America, introduced to Europe
Substrate: Extremely common on maples in both forest and urban areas
Distribution: Broad North America, introduced to Europe
Substrate: Extremely common on maples in both forest and urban areas
Smooth thimble-cap (Verpa conica)
Distribution: It is a widespread but uncommon species that fruits early in the spring in a variety of habitats including montane conifer forests.
Distribution: It is a widespread but uncommon species that fruits early in the spring in a variety of habitats including montane conifer forests.
Sphere thrower (Sphaerobolus stellatus)
Bitter tooth (Sarcodon scabrosus)
Distribution: Common in PNW
Habitat: S. scabrosus occurs in conifer forests in the PNW, especially in second-growth stands of western hemlock and Douglas-fir with a salal understory.
Distribution: Common in PNW
Habitat: S. scabrosus occurs in conifer forests in the PNW, especially in second-growth stands of western hemlock and Douglas-fir with a salal understory.
Black tooth (Phellodon atratus)
Distribution: Confined to the Pacific Coast.
Habitat: Common under Sitka spruce.
Distribution: Confined to the Pacific Coast.
Habitat: Common under Sitka spruce.
Devil's tooth (Hydnellum peckii)
Drab tooth (Bankera fuligineoalba)
Gray tooth (Phellodon melaleucus)
Jelly false tooth (Pseudohydnum gelatinosum)
Jelly tooth (Pseudohydnum gelatinosum)
Ochre spreading tooth (Steccherinum ochraceum)
Pinecone tooth (Auriscalpium vulgare)
Description: Auriscalpium vulgare is an unmistakable, but usually inconspicuous, fungus. It is small, dark brown, hairy, and the stipe is lateral. Current evidence suggests it is related to the gilled fungus Lentinellus, the coralloid Clavicorona, the poroid Albatrellus, and other relatives of the russulas, including the fellow spine-fungus, Hericium. The species epithet, “vulgare,” means common, and attests to the wide distribution of the fungus in much of North America, Europe, and temperate Asia.
Habitat: Auriscalpium vulgare is found primarily on (often buried) Douglas-fir cones in the PNW. Elsewhere it can often be found on the cones of pine or occasionally spruce.
Substrate: Fallen or buried cones
Description: Auriscalpium vulgare is an unmistakable, but usually inconspicuous, fungus. It is small, dark brown, hairy, and the stipe is lateral. Current evidence suggests it is related to the gilled fungus Lentinellus, the coralloid Clavicorona, the poroid Albatrellus, and other relatives of the russulas, including the fellow spine-fungus, Hericium. The species epithet, “vulgare,” means common, and attests to the wide distribution of the fungus in much of North America, Europe, and temperate Asia.
Habitat: Auriscalpium vulgare is found primarily on (often buried) Douglas-fir cones in the PNW. Elsewhere it can often be found on the cones of pine or occasionally spruce.
Substrate: Fallen or buried cones
Red-juice tooth (Hydnellum peckii)
Ridged tooth (Hydnellum scrobiculatum)
Scaly tooth (Sarcodon imbricatus)
Distribution: Broad
Habitat: S. imbricatus is commonly found in the conifer forests of the PNW and in either conifer or mixed forests in the rest of North America and much of Europe.
Distribution: Broad
Habitat: S. imbricatus is commonly found in the conifer forests of the PNW and in either conifer or mixed forests in the rest of North America and much of Europe.
Sweet tooth (Hydnum repandum)
Woolly tooth (Phellodon tomentosus)
Distribution: Common in PNW and occur elsewhere in the northern U.S., Canada, and Europe.
Habitat: Conifer forests
Distribution: Common in PNW and occur elsewhere in the northern U.S., Canada, and Europe.
Habitat: Conifer forests
Yellow tooth (Hydnellum geogenium)
Zonate tooth (Hydnellum concrescens)
Zoned tooth (Hydnellum concrescens)
Knobby tops (Psilocybe baeocystis)
Description: Sticky, conical, brown cap with brownish gills and off-white stalk; bruising blue.
Habitat: Scattered to numerous, in wood chips, on decayed wood, and decaying moss.
Spores: September-November
Description: Sticky, conical, brown cap with brownish gills and off-white stalk; bruising blue.
Habitat: Scattered to numerous, in wood chips, on decayed wood, and decaying moss.
Spores: September-November
Conifer toughshank (Gymnopus acervatus)
Habitat: Conifer forests
Substrate: Rotting logs and stumps, other woody debris
Habitat: Conifer forests
Substrate: Rotting logs and stumps, other woody debris
Russet toughshank (Gymnopus dryophilus)
Spores: whitish to pale yellow, smooth, and do not react in Melzer’s reagent
Spores: whitish to pale yellow, smooth, and do not react in Melzer’s reagent
Train-wrecker (Neolentinus lepideus)
Distribution: N. lepideus is not common in natural habitats, but can be found on conifer logs and stumps in some areas. It is a brown-rot fungus and is more commonly encountered on construction timbers, railroad ties, and, in the past, on automobile frames when they were made of wood. It can occur almost any time but is most common in summer and fall.
Distribution: N. lepideus is not common in natural habitats, but can be found on conifer logs and stumps in some areas. It is a brown-rot fungus and is more commonly encountered on construction timbers, railroad ties, and, in the past, on automobile frames when they were made of wood. It can occur almost any time but is most common in summer and fall.
Belted trich (Tricholoma cingulatum)
Description: Tricholoma cingulatum forms caps that are conical, becoming convex to umbonate. The cap surface is finely scaly, the scale dark gray on a paler gray background. The gills are white to pale gray, sometimes bruising yellowish with age. The stem is smooth to fibrous, whitish to pale gray, sometimes bruising yellowish, with a distinct ring.
Habitat: woodlands and dune slacks
Description: Tricholoma cingulatum forms caps that are conical, becoming convex to umbonate. The cap surface is finely scaly, the scale dark gray on a paler gray background. The gills are white to pale gray, sometimes bruising yellowish with age. The stem is smooth to fibrous, whitish to pale gray, sometimes bruising yellowish, with a distinct ring.
Habitat: woodlands and dune slacks
Girdled trich (Tricholoma cingulatum)
Description: Tricholoma cingulatum forms caps that are conical, becoming convex to umbonate. The cap surface is finely scaly, the scale dark gray on a paler gray background. The gills are white to pale gray, sometimes bruising yellowish with age. The stem is smooth to fibrous, whitish to pale gray, sometimes bruising yellowish, with a distinct ring.
Habitat: woodlands and dune slacks
Description: Tricholoma cingulatum forms caps that are conical, becoming convex to umbonate. The cap surface is finely scaly, the scale dark gray on a paler gray background. The gills are white to pale gray, sometimes bruising yellowish with age. The stem is smooth to fibrous, whitish to pale gray, sometimes bruising yellowish, with a distinct ring.
Habitat: woodlands and dune slacks
Poplar Trich (Tricholoma populinum)
Russet scaly Trich (Tricholoma vaccinum)
Distribution: Widely in Northern Hemisphere
Habitat: Growth with conifers, especially spruce
Distribution: Widely in Northern Hemisphere
Habitat: Growth with conifers, especially spruce
Scaly Trich (Tricholoma vaccinum)
Distribution: Widely in Northern Hemisphere
Habitat: Growth with conifers, especially spruce
Distribution: Widely in Northern Hemisphere
Habitat: Growth with conifers, especially spruce
Shingled Trich (Tricholoma imbricatum)
Soap-scented Trich (Tricholoma saponaceum)
Sticky gray Trich (Tricholoma portentosum)
Streaked Trich (Tricholoma virgatum)
Sulfur Trich (Tricholoma sulphureum)
Distribution: widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere
Habitat: under both hardwoods and conifers.
Distribution: widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere
Habitat: under both hardwoods and conifers.
Fibril Tricholoma (Tricholoma virgatum)
Girdled tricholoma (Tricholoma cingulatum)
Description: Tricholoma cingulatum forms caps that are conical, becoming convex to umbonate. The cap surface is finely scaly, the scale dark gray on a paler gray background. The gills are white to pale gray, sometimes bruising yellowish with age. The stem is smooth to fibrous, whitish to pale gray, sometimes bruising yellowish, with a distinct ring.
Habitat: woodlands and dune slacks
Description: Tricholoma cingulatum forms caps that are conical, becoming convex to umbonate. The cap surface is finely scaly, the scale dark gray on a paler gray background. The gills are white to pale gray, sometimes bruising yellowish with age. The stem is smooth to fibrous, whitish to pale gray, sometimes bruising yellowish, with a distinct ring.
Habitat: woodlands and dune slacks
Ill-scented tricholoma (Tricholoma inamoenum)
Description: Small to medium-sized fungi with wide-spaced, broad gills and a “coal gas” odor. Pale yellow fruitbodies. Coal gas is not something many people get an opportunity to smell nowadays but the odor of these mushrooms is strong and unpleasant for most people; some liken it to a heavy floral odor, such as that of Narcissus.
Distribution: Widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere
Habitat: Under conifers
Description: Small to medium-sized fungi with wide-spaced, broad gills and a “coal gas” odor. Pale yellow fruitbodies. Coal gas is not something many people get an opportunity to smell nowadays but the odor of these mushrooms is strong and unpleasant for most people; some liken it to a heavy floral odor, such as that of Narcissus.
Distribution: Widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere
Habitat: Under conifers
Red-tufted wood Tricholoma (Tricholomopsis rutilans)
Russet scaly Tricholoma (Tricholoma vaccinum)
Distribution: Widely in Northern Hemisphere
Habitat: Growth with conifers, especially spruce
Distribution: Widely in Northern Hemisphere
Habitat: Growth with conifers, especially spruce
Separating Tricholoma (Tricholoma sejunctum)
Shingled Tricholoma (Tricholoma imbricatum)
Soapy Tricholoma (Tricholoma saponaceum)
Sticky gray Tricholoma (Tricholoma portentosum)
Streaked Tricholoma (Tricholoma portentosum)
Tiger Tricholoma (Tricholoma pardinum)
Veiled Tricholoma (Tricholoma aurantium)
Cinnamon truffle (Tuber candidum)
Cooper's truffle (Geopora cooperi)
Distribution: It is ectomycorrhizal with conifers, widely distributed, and occurs almost year-round.
Spores: long cylindrical asci, each with eight smooth, broad elliptical spores that are forcibly ejected at maturity
Distribution: It is ectomycorrhizal with conifers, widely distributed, and occurs almost year-round.
Spores: long cylindrical asci, each with eight smooth, broad elliptical spores that are forcibly ejected at maturity
Dark geode truffle (Genea harknessii)
Fall Oregon white truffle (Tuber oregonense)
Fuzzy false truffle (Geopora cooperi)
Distribution: It is ectomycorrhizal with conifers, widely distributed, and occurs almost year-round.
Spores: long cylindrical asci, each with eight smooth, broad elliptical spores that are forcibly ejected at maturity
Distribution: It is ectomycorrhizal with conifers, widely distributed, and occurs almost year-round.
Spores: long cylindrical asci, each with eight smooth, broad elliptical spores that are forcibly ejected at maturity
Fuzzy truffle (Geopora cooperi)
Distribution: It is ectomycorrhizal with conifers, widely distributed, and occurs almost year-round.
Spores: long cylindrical asci, each with eight smooth, broad elliptical spores that are forcibly ejected at maturity
Distribution: It is ectomycorrhizal with conifers, widely distributed, and occurs almost year-round.
Spores: long cylindrical asci, each with eight smooth, broad elliptical spores that are forcibly ejected at maturity
Hard truffle (Choiromyces alveolatus)
Oregon black truffle (Leucangium carthusianum)
Spores: The spores are smooth and very large (up to 100 μm long)
Spores: The spores are smooth and very large (up to 100 μm long)
Pine truffle (Geopora cooperi)
Distribution: It is ectomycorrhizal with conifers, widely distributed, and occurs almost year-round.
Spores: long cylindrical asci, each with eight smooth, broad elliptical spores that are forcibly ejected at maturity
Distribution: It is ectomycorrhizal with conifers, widely distributed, and occurs almost year-round.
Spores: long cylindrical asci, each with eight smooth, broad elliptical spores that are forcibly ejected at maturity
Red geode truffle (Gilkeya compacta)
Red truffle (Tuber candidum)
Spring Oregon white truffle (Tuber gibbosum)
White geode truffle (Genabea cerebriformis)
Round-headed truffle-club (Tolypocladium capitatum)
Distribution: North America
Habitat: Coniferous forests.
Substrate: Soil (underground truffles)
Distribution: North America
Habitat: Coniferous forests.
Substrate: Soil (underground truffles)
Black trumpet (Craterellus cornucopioides)
Description: thin-flashed caps that are funnel or trumpet shaped and hollow (deeply incurved margin). Surface has a texture of felt to scrufy-scaly. Coloration is gray-brown to black and continues from the cap to the hollow stem. The stipe is smooth to slightly wrinkled, brown to gray or same as cap, with decurrent wrinkles.
Habitat: In mossy woodland
Substrate: grows upon the ground
Description: thin-flashed caps that are funnel or trumpet shaped and hollow (deeply incurved margin). Surface has a texture of felt to scrufy-scaly. Coloration is gray-brown to black and continues from the cap to the hollow stem. The stipe is smooth to slightly wrinkled, brown to gray or same as cap, with decurrent wrinkles.
Habitat: In mossy woodland
Substrate: grows upon the ground
Trumpet-of-death (Craterellus cornucopioides)
Description: thin-flashed caps that are funnel or trumpet shaped and hollow (deeply incurved margin). Surface has a texture of felt to scrufy-scaly. Coloration is gray-brown to black and continues from the cap to the hollow stem. The stipe is smooth to slightly wrinkled, brown to gray or same as cap, with decurrent wrinkles.
Habitat: In mossy woodland
Substrate: grows upon the ground
Description: thin-flashed caps that are funnel or trumpet shaped and hollow (deeply incurved margin). Surface has a texture of felt to scrufy-scaly. Coloration is gray-brown to black and continues from the cap to the hollow stem. The stipe is smooth to slightly wrinkled, brown to gray or same as cap, with decurrent wrinkles.
Habitat: In mossy woodland
Substrate: grows upon the ground
Fringed Tubaria (Tubaria furfuracea)
Habitat: Occur in a variety of habitats, including wood chips and mossy lawns
Habitat: Occur in a variety of habitats, including wood chips and mossy lawns
Not so tedious Tubaria (Tubaria confragosa)
Ringed Tubaria (Tubaria confragosa)
Totally tedious Tubaria (Tubaria furfuracea)
Habitat: Occur in a variety of habitats, including wood chips and mossy lawns
Habitat: Occur in a variety of habitats, including wood chips and mossy lawns
Tuckahoe (Wolfiporia extensa)
Conifer tuft (Hypholoma capnoides)
Distribution: It occurs thoughout the PNW, elsewhere in northern North America, and in Europe and Asia.
Habitat: Grows on conifer logs.
Distribution: It occurs thoughout the PNW, elsewhere in northern North America, and in Europe and Asia.
Habitat: Grows on conifer logs.
Sulfur tuft (Hypholoma fasciculare)
Distribution: Common in PNW
Habitat: Grows in clusters on logs and other large woody debris.
Distribution: Common in PNW
Habitat: Grows in clusters on logs and other large woody debris.
False turkey-tail (Stereum ostrea)
Turkey-tail (Trametes versicolor)
Scurfy twiglet (Tubaria furfuracea)
Habitat: Occur in a variety of habitats, including wood chips and mossy lawns
Habitat: Occur in a variety of habitats, including wood chips and mossy lawns
