ID	ModifiedOn	Contributors	InformalClassification	Family	TaxonID	TaxonName	SeeAlso	NameRank	Hybrid	TerminalTaxon	Excluded	Peripheral	Waif	Endemic	Extirpated	OriginCode	Origin	Distribution	Voucher	Comments
5877	2018-05-02 22:04:00		Vascular Plants: Monocots	Zosteraceae	161572	Nanozostera		genus		N	N	N	N	N	N	I	Introduced			
5878	2023-05-11 16:54:57		Vascular Plants: Monocots	Zosteraceae	161579	Nanozostera japonica		species		Y	N	N	N	N	N	I	Introduced from Japan	Occurring west of the Cascades crest in coastal counties in Washington;	{"Herbarium":"WTU"}	FNA22: "The name Zostera americana was proposed for some of the collections by Neil Hotchkiss from Pacific County, Washington (C. den Hartog 1970). Because Z. americana resembled a previously published species, it was suggested the name should be placed in synonymy, at least until further study could be undertaken of at least the ecology and genetics of the complex (R. C. Phillips and R. F. Shaw 1976; P. G. Harrison 1976). A proposal that Z. americana was synonymous with Z. noltii was based upon the identical or overlapping ranges of most characteristics (R. C. Phillips and R. F. Shaw 1976). Zostera noltii is native to the Atlantic coasts of Europe and Africa and to the Mediterranean Sea area. Therefore, the suggestion implies that Z. noltii has been introduced into North America. No mode of introduction was discussed, however.<br><br>Similarly P. G. Harrison (1976) suggested an introduction of an exotic species, but he suggested Zostera japonica instead. A study of populations of Z. americana from Boundary Bay, south of Vancouver, British Columbia revealed no obvious differences between those plants and individuals of Z. japonica and Z. noltii. A comparison of the British Columbia specimens with illustrations by C. den Hartog (1970) of both Z. japonica and Z. noltii indicated the British Columbia plants resembled more the illustrations of Z. japonica than those of Z. noltii. A discussion of possible modes of introduction noted that a brown alga, Sargassum muticum, was introduced into the North American Pacific coast area with seed oysters. Zostera japonica occurs in areas where the oysters were obtained in Japan, and oysters were packed in Zostera species during shipment. Such shipments were possibly the means by which the species was introduced into North America. Harrison\\'s explanation is quite plausible, and I am accepting it until further research solves the problem."
5879	2018-05-02 22:04:00		Vascular Plants: Monocots	Zosteraceae	161593	Phyllospadix		genus		N	N	N	N	N	N	N	Native			
5880	2023-05-11 16:57:36		Vascular Plants: Monocots	Zosteraceae	161597	Phyllospadix scouleri		species		Y	N	N	N	N	N	N	Native	Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast of Washington where rocky;	{"Herbarium":"WTU"}	
5881	2023-05-12 21:58:21		Vascular Plants: Monocots	Zosteraceae	161598	Phyllospadix serrulatus		species		Y	N	N	N	N	N	N	Native	Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the rocky coastline of northwestern Washington;	{"Herbarium":"WTU"}	
5882	2023-05-12 22:00:16		Vascular Plants: Monocots	Zosteraceae	161599	Phyllospadix torreyi		species		Y	N	N	N	N	N	N	Native	Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the rocky coastline of northwestern Washington;	{"Herbarium":"WTU"}	
5883	2018-05-02 22:04:00		Vascular Plants: Monocots	Zosteraceae	161600	Zostera	Nanozostera	genus		N	N	N	N	N	N	N	Native			
5884	2023-05-11 16:39:53		Vascular Plants: Monocots	Zosteraceae	161605	Zostera marina		species		Y	N	N	N	N	N	N	Native	Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington\'s coastal counties;	{"Herbarium":"WTU"}	FNA22: "Zostera marina is adapted to the cold waters of the North Atlantic and North Pacific. It extends southward to North Carolina in the Atlantic and Baja California in the Pacific. At the southern limits of its range, active growth mostly is in the cooler months of autumn and spring, with flowering and fruiting mostly in the spring and the plants dying in the hotter summer months, the vegetation becoming dislodged from the substrate and floating to the water surface. The fruits apparently remain in the floating vegetation for a period of time, eventually falling from the shoots to the substrate. Movement in dislodged vegetative material is the only adaptation the fruits have for dispersal (C. den Hartog 1970).<br><br>The species is found mostly in the sublittoral region, only rarely being exposed at low tide. It occurs in more or less sheltered areas on soft mud or firm sand. Plants of sandy substrates had narrower leaves than plants growing on muddy substrates (C. H. Ostenfeld 1905). Fruits fall from the floating vegetation to the substrate and settle on the substrate ripple marks, which run more or less perpendicular to the direction of current. Seedling establishment is parallel with the ripple marks, forming vegetated ridges separated by depressions, which gradually fill with sediments, and the plants then grow laterally into them, forming a meadow (C. den Hartog 1970). The vegetation lowers the velocity of current flow, causing some suspended particles to settle out and accumulate around the base of the plants, slowly building the substrate. As more particles accumulate, the substrate gets deeper over the rhizomes, since the rhizomes grow horizontally, not vertically. Eventually, the rhizomes are too deep, and the plants begin to die back, a phenomenon followed by erosion."
5885	2003-10-21 00:00:00	Fred Weinmann	Vascular Plants: Monocots	Zosteraceae	161610	Zosteraceae		family		N	N	N	N	N	N	N	Native			
